A formação social da mente
01 Jan 1991-
About: The article was published on 1991-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1861 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Information and communication technologies for development & E-learning (theory).
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TL;DR: In this article, a partir de uma perspectiva socio-cultural construtivista, analisa-se a necessidade de que a questao metodologica seja concebida no contexto das relacoes entre teoria and metodo, destacando-se o papel fundamental da explicitacao epistemologica nos projetos de investigacao cientifica.
Abstract: O presente artigo visa discutir as principais caracteristicas e tendencias atuais da metodologia de pesquisa na area do desenvolvimento humano. A partir de uma perspectiva socio-cultural construtivista, analisa-se a necessidade de que a questao metodologica seja concebida no contexto das relacoes entre teoria e metodo, destacando-se o papel fundamental da explicitacao epistemologica nos projetos de investigacao cientifica. O significado de construtos tradicionalmente utilizados pela psicologia tais como "dados" e "variaveis" sao aqui examinados em termos da construcao do conhecimento na psicologia do desenvolvimento, particularmente quando desenvolvimento e concebido como processo, e nao resultado, dos processos de mudanca. Enfatiza-se, igualmente, a necessidade da superacao da tradicional dicotomia entre metodos quantitativos e qualitativos, ressaltando-se a sua adequacao em funcao das questoes a serem investigadas. O valor da metodologia microgenetica para o estudo dos processos de desenvolvimento e aqui analisado, sendo ilustrado pela apresentacao de trechos de um estudo empirico realizado em nosso laboratorio
13 citations
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TL;DR: The Happy Heart Study offers a playful and low-cost approach for the prevention and control of obesity and cardiovascular disease in children, and can be adapted to many other countries.
Abstract: The prevalence of childhood obesity increased worldwide in recent decades and is associated with risk factors for the development of chronic diseases in adulthood. Strategies for health promotion directed at an early age, with recommendation for healthy habits, can achieve good results. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative, simple and cost effective educational program to improve eating habits, physical activity and the knowledge about healthy habits in children, as well as in their families, as compared to routine outpatient care. The study is designed as a randomized clinical trial. Sample size is estimated to include 37 children, aged between 7 and 11 years, and their guardians, randomized for an intervention or a control group. The intervention will consist of 11-weekly group meetings of nutritional education and distribution of explanatory material, with orientation about healthy food and family habits and physical activity. Recreational, simple and low cost resources, carefully designed for the presentation of contents to the children and parents, will be used in all meetings. The control group will receive standard outpatient care based in individual clinical practice guidelines. The primary outcomes will be changes in dietary habits, knowledge and physical activity of children and adults. The secondary outcomes will be changes of body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and laboratory tests, in children and adults. The Happy Heart Study offers a playful and low-cost approach for the prevention and control of obesity and cardiovascular disease in children. Although this program is being planned for implementation in Brazil, the method can be adapted to many other countries. Protocol registered on the site ensaiosclinicos.gov.br: RBR-8ttw64.
12 citations
Cites background from "A formação social da mente"
...Therefore, it is in the intra- and interpersonal relationships that the subject will internalize the knowledge of social roles and functions [30]....
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01 Jan 2005TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between Einstein and scientific toys from two rare examples: one from his childhood and the other one from a mature age, and one of the two men-
Abstract: The title of the present paper may seem a little bit clumsy, yet it is right. The text leads, firstly, with the importance Einstein attributed to the role of joy in science learning. In this context, we discuss the relationship between Einstein and scientific toys from two rare examples: one from his childhood and the other one from a mature age. One of the two men-
12 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the means of protection offered to poor girls in 19th-century Bahia by examining documents of orphanage institutions and judges of orphans, and find that the protection meant: shelter, nourishment, and instruction in some abilities, while there was no concern to a longterm amelioration of the pre-orphanage socioeconomic status.
Abstract: For an analysis of the means of protection offered to poor girls in 19th-century Bahia, we have examined documents of orphanage institutions and judges of orphans. The contents were organized into these categories: forms of abandonment, educational and discipline practices. The results indicate the protection offered to the girls meant: shelter, nourishment, and instruction in some abilities. There was no concern to a long-term amelioration of the pre-orphanage socioeconomic status. For the families, the orphanage represented protection. The role of the State was limited; it consisted on directing the girls to the orphanages and on contributing with subsidies. The means of protection were effected in order to maintain certain standards of morality of the period and the delimitation of a socially-acceptable environment for women. The child was understood as "future".
12 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a psicologo escolar discute a atuacao do psicologicó et al. no incentivo a elaboracao of the Projeto-Politico-Pedagogico pela comunidade escolar.
Abstract: Este trabalho discute a atuacao do psicologo escolar no incentivo a elaboracao do Projeto-Politico-Pedagogico pela comunidade escolar. Aborda temas como politica, relacoes de dominacao/hierarquizacao escolares, formacao/atuacao do psicologo escolar e exercicio da autonomia. Abdicando da autoridade de especialista servindo a normatizacao, o psicologo pode questionar relacoes de hierarquizacao escolares, bem como sensibilizar quanto a ideia de que a identidade da escola e historicamente construida e sua realidade e modificavel pela acao coletiva da comunidade. Atuou-se numa escola publica de Ensino Fundamental, series iniciais, de Brasilia-DF, utilizando a observacao participante em reunioes semanais com a equipe pedagogica e pensando-se a postura do psicologo como mediador. O Projeto-Politico-Pedagogico e importante mecanismo de trabalho coletivo, permitindo a constituicao da identidade da escola, de posicionamentos politicos e diretrizes de trabalho coerentes com cada realidade. Enfatizou-se a consolidacao de um processo de reconhecimento da possibilidade de autonomia na construcao do Projeto-Politico-Pedagogico pela equipe pedagogica.
12 citations