A Framework for Collaborative, Content-Based and Demographic Filtering
TL;DR: The types of information available to determine whether to recommend a particular page to a particular user are described and how each type of information may be used individually and an approach to combining recommendations from multiple sources are discussed.
Abstract: We discuss learning a profile of user interests for recommending information sources such as Web pages or news articles. We describe the types of information available to determine whether to recommend a particular page to a particular user. This information includes the content of the page, the ratings of the user on other pages and the contents of these pages, the ratings given to that page by other users and the ratings of these other users on other pages and demographic information about users. We describe how each type of information may be used individually and then discuss an approach to combining recommendations from multiple sources. We illustrate each approach and the combined approach in the context of recommending restaurants.
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TL;DR: This paper presents an overview of the field of recommender systems and describes the current generation of recommendation methods that are usually classified into the following three main categories: content-based, collaborative, and hybrid recommendation approaches.
Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the field of recommender systems and describes the current generation of recommendation methods that are usually classified into the following three main categories: content-based, collaborative, and hybrid recommendation approaches. This paper also describes various limitations of current recommendation methods and discusses possible extensions that can improve recommendation capabilities and make recommender systems applicable to an even broader range of applications. These extensions include, among others, an improvement of understanding of users and items, incorporation of the contextual information into the recommendation process, support for multicriteria ratings, and a provision of more flexible and less intrusive types of recommendations.
9,873 citations
Cites background from "A Framework for Collaborative, Cont..."
...Once the unknown ratings are estimated, actual recommendations of an item to a user are made by selecting the highest rating among all the estimated ratings for that user, according to (1)....
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TL;DR: This paper surveys the landscape of actual and possible hybrid recommenders, and introduces a novel hybrid, EntreeC, a system that combines knowledge-based recommendation and collaborative filtering to recommend restaurants, and shows that semantic ratings obtained from the knowledge- based part of the system enhance the effectiveness of collaborative filtering.
Abstract: Recommender systems represent user preferences for the purpose of suggesting items to purchase or examine They have become fundamental applications in electronic commerce and information access, providing suggestions that effectively prune large information spaces so that users are directed toward those items that best meet their needs and preferences A variety of techniques have been proposed for performing recommendation, including content-based, collaborative, knowledge-based and other techniques To improve performance, these methods have sometimes been combined in hybrid recommenders This paper surveys the landscape of actual and possible hybrid recommenders, and introduces a novel hybrid, EntreeC, a system that combines knowledge-based recommendation and collaborative filtering to recommend restaurants Further, we show that semantic ratings obtained from the knowledge-based part of the system enhance the effectiveness of collaborative filtering
3,883 citations
Cites background or methods from "A Framework for Collaborative, Cont..."
...Pazzani’s combination hybrid does not use numeric scores, but rather treats the output of each recommender (collaborative, content-based and demographic) as a set of votes, which are then combined in a consensus scheme (Pazzani, 1999)....
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...In other systems, machine learning is used to arrive at a classi¢er based on demographic data (Pazzani, 1999)....
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...A meta-level hybrid that focuses exclusively on recommendation is described by Pazzani (1999) as ‘collaboration via content’....
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TL;DR: From basic techniques to the state-of-the-art, this paper attempts to present a comprehensive survey for CF techniques, which can be served as a roadmap for research and practice in this area.
Abstract: As one of the most successful approaches to building recommender systems, collaborative filtering (CF) uses the known preferences of a group of users to make recommendations or predictions of the unknown preferences for other users. In this paper, we first introduce CF tasks and their main challenges, such as data sparsity, scalability, synonymy, gray sheep, shilling attacks, privacy protection, etc., and their possible solutions. We then present three main categories of CF techniques: memory-based, modelbased, and hybrid CF algorithms (that combine CF with other recommendation techniques), with examples for representative algorithms of each category, and analysis of their predictive performance and their ability to address the challenges. From basic techniques to the state-of-the-art, we attempt to present a comprehensive survey for CF techniques, which can be served as a roadmap for research and practice in this area.
3,406 citations
Cites background from "A Framework for Collaborative, Cont..."
...Other hybrid recommenders in this category include mixed hybrid recommenders [124], cascade hybrid recommenders [115], meta-level recommenders [110, 115, 117, 125], and so forth....
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...Content-based recommender systems make recommendations by analyzing the content of textual information, such as documents, URLs, news messages, web logs, item descriptions, and profiles about users’ tastes, preferences, and needs, and finding regularities in the content [110]....
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...The combination can be linear, the weights can be adjustable [46], and weighted majority voting [110, 122] or weighted average voting [118] can be used....
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...However, hybrid recommenders rely on external information that is usually not available, and they generally have increased complexity of implementation [110, 115, 126]....
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TL;DR: An overview of recommender systems as well as collaborative filtering methods and algorithms is provided, which explains their evolution, provides an original classification for these systems, identifies areas of future implementation and develops certain areas selected for past, present or future importance.
Abstract: Recommender systems have developed in parallel with the web. They were initially based on demographic, content-based and collaborative filtering. Currently, these systems are incorporating social information. In the future, they will use implicit, local and personal information from the Internet of things. This article provides an overview of recommender systems as well as collaborative filtering methods and algorithms; it also explains their evolution, provides an original classification for these systems, identifies areas of future implementation and develops certain areas selected for past, present or future importance.
2,639 citations
Additional excerpts
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01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The main goal is to delineate, in a coherent and structured way, the chapters included in this handbook and to help the reader navigate the extremely rich and detailed content that the handbook offers.
Abstract: Recommender Systems (RSs) are software tools and techniques providing suggestions for items to be of use to a user. In this introductory chapter we briefly discuss basic RS ideas and concepts. Our main goal is to delineate, in a coherent and structured way, the chapters included in this handbook and to help the reader navigate the extremely rich and detailed content that the handbook offers.
2,160 citations
References
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01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: The Diskette v 2.06, 3.5''[1.44M] for IBM PC, PS/2 and compatibles [DOS] Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08.
Abstract: Note: Includes bibliographical references, 3 appendixes and 2 indexes.- Diskette v 2.06, 3.5''[1.44M] for IBM PC, PS/2 and compatibles [DOS] Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08
19,881 citations
"A Framework for Collaborative, Cont..." refers methods in this paper
...The mathematical technique underlying latent semantic indexing, singular value decomposition ( Press, Flannery, Teukolsky, & Vetterling, 1990 ) reduces the dimensionality of the matrix used by content-based filtering....
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01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: This chapter contains sections titled: The Problem, The Generalized Delta Rule, Simulation Results, Some Further Generalizations, Conclusion.
Abstract: This chapter contains sections titled: The Problem, The Generalized Delta Rule, Simulation Results, Some Further Generalizations, Conclusion
17,604 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an approach to synthesizing decision trees that has been used in a variety of systems, and it describes one such system, ID3, in detail, is described, and a reported shortcoming of the basic algorithm is discussed.
Abstract: The technology for building knowledge-based systems by inductive inference from examples has been demonstrated successfully in several practical applications. This paper summarizes an approach to synthesizing decision trees that has been used in a variety of systems, and it describes one such system, ID3, in detail. Results from recent studies show ways in which the methodology can be modified to deal with information that is noisy and/or incomplete. A reported shortcoming of the basic algorithm is discussed and two means of overcoming it are compared. The paper concludes with illustrations of current research directions.
17,177 citations
17 Jul 1986
15,313 citations
Book•
03 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of the generalized delta rule is discussed and the Generalized Delta Rule is applied to the simulation results of simulation results in terms of the generalized delta rule.
Abstract: This chapter contains sections titled: The Problem, The Generalized Delta Rule, Simulation Results, Some Further Generalizations, Conclusion
13,579 citations