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Journal ArticleDOI

A front-tracking method for viscous, incompressible, multi-fluid flows

01 May 1992-Journal of Computational Physics (Academic Press Professional, Inc.)-Vol. 100, Iss: 1, pp 25-37
TL;DR: In this paper, a method to simulate unsteady multi-fluid flows in which a sharp interface or a front separates incompressible fluids of different density and viscosity is described.
About: This article is published in Journal of Computational Physics.The article was published on 1992-05-01 and is currently open access. It has received 2340 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Incompressible flow & Unstructured grid.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The term immersed boundary (IB) method is used to encompass all such methods that simulate viscous flows with immersed (or embedded) boundaries on grids that do not conform to the shape of these boundaries.
Abstract: The term “immersed boundary method” was first used in reference to a method developed by Peskin (1972) to simulate cardiac mechanics and associated blood flow. The distinguishing feature of this method was that the entire simulation was carried out on a Cartesian grid, which did not conform to the geometry of the heart, and a novel procedure was formulated for imposing the effect of the immersed boundary (IB) on the flow. Since Peskin introduced this method, numerous modifications and refinements have been proposed and a number of variants of this approach now exist. In addition, there is another class of methods, usually referred to as “Cartesian grid methods,” which were originally developed for simulating inviscid flows with complex embedded solid boundaries on Cartesian grids (Berger & Aftosmis 1998, Clarke et al. 1986, Zeeuw & Powell 1991). These methods have been extended to simulate unsteady viscous flows (Udaykumar et al. 1996, Ye et al. 1999) and thus have capabilities similar to those of IB methods. In this review, we use the term immersed boundary (IB) method to encompass all such methods that simulate viscous flows with immersed (or embedded) boundaries on grids that do not conform to the shape of these boundaries. Furthermore, this review focuses mainly on IB methods for flows with immersed solid boundaries. Application of these and related methods to problems with liquid-liquid and liquid-gas boundaries was covered in previous reviews by Anderson et al. (1998) and Scardovelli & Zaleski (1999). Consider the simulation of flow past a solid body shown in Figure 1a. The conventional approach to this would employ structured or unstructured grids that conform to the body. Generating these grids proceeds in two sequential steps. First, a surface grid covering the boundaries b is generated. This is then used as a boundary condition to generate a grid in the volume f occupied by the fluid. If a finite-difference method is employed on a structured grid, then the differential form of the governing equations is transformed to a curvilinear coordinate system aligned with the grid lines (Ferziger & Peric 1996). Because the grid conforms to the surface of the body, the transformed equations can then be discretized in the

3,184 citations


Cites background or methods from "A front-tracking method for viscous..."

  • ...Consequently, many of the applications of these methods are found in biological (Beyer & Leveque 1992, Fauci & McDonald 1994, Peskin 1981) and multiphase flows (Unverdi & Tryggvason 1992) where elastic boundaries abound....

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  • ...…this category have been successfully used for a wide variety of problems including cardiac mechanics (Peskin 1981), cochlear dynamics (Beyer 1992), aquatic animal locomotion (Fauci & McDonald 1994), bubble dynamics (Unverdi & Tryggvason 1992), and flow past flexible filaments (Zhu & Peskin 2003)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The level set method is couple to a wide variety of problems involving external physics, such as compressible and incompressible flow, Stefan problems, kinetic crystal growth, epitaxial growth of thin films, vortex-dominated flows, and extensions to multiphase motion.

2,174 citations


Cites methods from "A front-tracking method for viscous..."

  • ...See [87] and [12] for earlier front tracking and VOF methods (respectively) using a similar formulation....

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  • ...[87] and [41], phase-field methods, see e....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a front-tracking method for multiphase flows is presented, which is based on writing one set of governing equations for the whole computational domain and treating the different phases as one fluid with variable material properties.

2,011 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the formation of droplet clouds or sprays that subsequently burn in combustion chambers, which is caused by interfacial instabilities, such as the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.
Abstract: The numerical simulation of flows with interfaces and free-surface flows is a vast topic, with applications to domains as varied as environment, geophysics, engineering, and fundamental physics. In engineering, as well as in other disciplines, the study of liquid-gas interfaces is important in combustion problems with liquid and gas reagents. The formation of droplet clouds or sprays that subsequently burn in combustion chambers originates in interfacial instabilities, such as the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. What can numerical simulations do to improve our understanding of these phenomena? The limitations of numerical techniques make it impossible to consider more than a few droplets or bubbles. They also force us to stay at low Reynolds or Weber numbers, which prevent us from finding a direct solution to the breakup problem. However, these methods are potentially important. First, the continuous improvement of computational power (or, what amounts to the same, the drop in megaflop price) continuously extends the range of affordable problems. Second, and more importantly, the phenomena we consider often happen on scales of space and time where experimental visualization is difficult or impossible. In such cases, numerical simulation may be a useful prod to the intuition of the physicist, the engineer, or the mathematician. A typical example of interfacial flow is the collision between two liquid droplets. Finding the flow involves the study not only of hydrodynamic fields in the air and water phases but also of the air-water interface. This latter part

1,949 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Issues including sharp-interface analyses that relate these models to the classical free-boundary problem, computational approaches to describe interfacial phenomena, and models of fully miscible fluids are addressed.
Abstract: We review the development of diffuse-interface models of hydrodynamics and their application to a wide variety of interfacial phenomena. These models have been applied successfully to situations in which the physical phenomena of interest have a length scale commensurate with the thickness of the interfacial region (e.g. near-critical interfacial phenomena or small-scale flows such as those occurring near contact lines) and fluid flows involving large interface deformations and/or topological changes (e.g. breakup and coalescence events associated with fluid jets, droplets, and large-deformation waves). We discuss the issues involved in formulating diffuse-interface models for single-component and binary fluids. Recent applications and computations using these models are discussed in each case. Further, we address issues including sharp-interface analyses that relate these models to the classical free-boundary problem, computational approaches to describe interfacial phenomena, and models of fully miscible fluids.

1,948 citations


Cites background from "A front-tracking method for viscous..."

  • ...In Unverdi & Tryggvason (1992a), both two- and three-dimensional multiple bubble motion and interaction were presented....

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  • ...In Unverdi & Tryggvason (1992b), the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in two and P1: KKK/dat/ary P2: ARK/MBL/plb QC: MBL/agr T1: MBL November 24, 1997 9:14 Annual Reviews AR049-06...

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of a fractional volume of fluid (VOF) has been used to approximate free boundaries in finite-difference numerical simulations, which is shown to be more flexible and efficient than other methods for treating complicated free boundary configurations.

11,567 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new technique is described for the numerical investigation of the time-dependent flow of an incompressible fluid, the boundary of which is partially confined and partially free The full Navier-Stokes equations are written in finite-difference form, and the solution is accomplished by finite-time step advancement.
Abstract: A new technique is described for the numerical investigation of the time‐dependent flow of an incompressible fluid, the boundary of which is partially confined and partially free The full Navier‐Stokes equations are written in finite‐difference form, and the solution is accomplished by finite‐time‐step advancement The primary dependent variables are the pressure and the velocity components Also used is a set of marker particles which move with the fluid The technique is called the marker and cell method Some examples of the application of this method are presented All non‐linear effects are completely included, and the transient aspects can be computed for as much elapsed time as desired

5,841 citations

Journal Article
01 Jun 1978
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the applicability of the standard κ-ϵ equations and other turbulence models with respect to their applicability in swirling, recirculating flows.
Abstract: The standard κ-ϵ equations and other turbulence models are evaluated with respect to their applicability in swirling, recirculating flows. The turbulence models are formulated on the basis of two separate viewpoints. The first perspective assumes that an isotropic eddy viscosity and the modified Boussinesq hypothesis adequately describe the stress distributions, and that the source of predictive error is a consequence of the modeled terms in the κ-ϵ equations. Both stabilizing and destabilizing Richardson number corrections are incorporated to investigate this line of reasoning. A second viewpoint proposes that the eddy viscosity approach is inherently inadequate and that a redistribution of the stress magnitudes is necessary. Investigation of higher-order closure is pursued on the level of an algebraic stress closure. Various turbulence model predictions are compared with experimental data from a variety of isothermal, confined studies. Supportive swirl comparisons are also performed for a laminar flow case, as well as reacting flow cases. Parallel predictions or contributions from other sources are also consulted where appropriate. Predictive accuracy was found to be a partial function of inlet boundary conditions and numerical diffusion. Despite prediction sensitivity to inlet conditions and numerics, the data comparisons delineate the relative advantages and disadvantages of the various modifications. Possible research avenues in the area of computational modeling of strongly swirling, recirculating flows are reviewed and discussed.

5,396 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors extended previous work on the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations in the presence of moving immersed boundaries which interact with the fluid and introduced an improved numerical representation of the δ-function.

2,968 citations