Journal ArticleDOI
A large source of low-volatility secondary organic aerosol
Mikael Ehn,Joel A. Thornton,Einhard Kleist,Mikko Sipilä,Heikki Junninen,Iida Pullinen,Monika Springer,Florian Rubach,Ralf Tillmann,Ben H. Lee,Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker,S. Andres,Ismail-Hakki Acir,Matti P. Rissanen,Tuija Jokinen,Siegfried Schobesberger,Juha Kangasluoma,Jenni Kontkanen,Tuomo Nieminen,Theo Kurtén,Lasse B. Nielsen,Solvejg Jørgensen,Henrik G. Kjaergaard,Manjula R. Canagaratna,Miikka Dal Maso,Torsten Berndt,Tuukka Petäjä,Andreas Wahner,Veli-Matti Kerminen,Markku Kulmala,Douglas R. Worsnop,Juergen Wildt,Thomas F. Mentel +32 more
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TLDR
It is found that a direct pathway leads from several biogenic VOCs, such as monoterpenes, to the formation of large amounts of extremely low-volatility vapours, helping to explain the discrepancy between the observed atmospheric burden of secondary organic aerosol and that reported by many model studies.Abstract:
Forests emit large quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere. Their condensable oxidation products can form secondary organic aerosol, a significant and ubiquitous component of atmospheric aerosol, which is known to affect the Earth's radiation balance by scattering solar radiation and by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. The quantitative assessment of such climate effects remains hampered by a number of factors, including an incomplete understanding of how biogenic VOCs contribute to the formation of atmospheric secondary organic aerosol. The growth of newly formed particles from sizes of less than three nanometres up to the sizes of cloud condensation nuclei (about one hundred nanometres) in many continental ecosystems requires abundant, essentially non-volatile organic vapours, but the sources and compositions of such vapours remain unknown. Here we investigate the oxidation of VOCs, in particular the terpene α-pinene, under atmospherically relevant conditions in chamber experiments. We find that a direct pathway leads from several biogenic VOCs, such as monoterpenes, to the formation of large amounts of extremely low-volatility vapours. These vapours form at significant mass yield in the gas phase and condense irreversibly onto aerosol surfaces to produce secondary organic aerosol, helping to explain the discrepancy between the observed atmospheric burden of secondary organic aerosol and that reported by many model studies. We further demonstrate how these low-volatility vapours can enhance, or even dominate, the formation and growth of aerosol particles over forested regions, providing a missing link between biogenic VOCs and their conversion to aerosol particles. Our findings could help to improve assessments of biosphere-aerosol-climate feedback mechanisms, and the air quality and climate effects of biogenic emissions generally.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Elemental ratio measurements of organic compounds using aerosol mass spectrometry: characterization, improved calibration, and implications
Manjula R. Canagaratna,Jose L. Jimenez,Jesse H. Kroll,Qi Chen,Sean H. Kessler,Paola Massoli,L. Hildebrandt Ruiz,Edward C. Fortner,Leah R. Williams,Kevin R. Wilson,Jason D. Surratt,Neil M. Donahue,J. T. Jayne,D. R. Worsnop +13 more
TL;DR: Aiken et al. as mentioned in this paper used the Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) to measure OA elemental composition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Particulate matter, air quality and climate: Lessons learned and future needs
Sandro Fuzzi,Urs Baltensperger,Kenneth S. Carslaw,Stefano Decesari,H.A.C. Denier van der Gon,Maria Cristina Facchini,David Fowler,Ilan Koren,Ben Langford,Ulrike Lohmann,Eiko Nemitz,Spyros N. Pandis,Ilona Riipinen,Yinon Rudich,Martijn Schaap,Jay G. Slowik,Dominick V. Spracklen,Elisabetta Vignati,Martin Wild,Martin L. Williams,Stefania Gilardoni +20 more
TL;DR: The literature on atmospheric particulate maffer (PM), or atmospheric aerosol, has increased enormously over the last 2 decades and amounts now to some 1500-2000 papers per year in the refereed literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Severe haze in northern China: A synergy of anthropogenic emissions and atmospheric processes.
Zhisheng An,Ru-Jin Huang,Renyi Zhang,Xuexi Tie,Guohui Li,Guohui Li,Junji Cao,Junji Cao,Weijian Zhou,Weijian Zhou,Zhengguo Shi,Zhengguo Shi,Yongming Han,Yongming Han,Zhaolin Gu,Yuemeng Ji,Yuemeng Ji +16 more
TL;DR: It is highlighted that improved understanding of the emission sources, physical/chemical processes during haze evolution, and interactions with meteorological/climatic changes are necessary to unravel the causes, mechanisms, and trends for haze pollution.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of low-volatility organic compounds in initial particle growth in the atmosphere
Jasmin Tröstl,Wayne Chuang,Hamish Gordon,Martin Heinritzi,Chao Yan,Ugo Molteni,Lars Ahlm,Carla Frege,F. Bianchi,F. Bianchi,F. Bianchi,Robert Wagner,Mario Simon,Katrianne Lehtipalo,Katrianne Lehtipalo,Christina Williamson,Christina Williamson,Christina Williamson,J. S. Craven,Jonathan Duplissy,Jonathan Duplissy,Alexey Adamov,Joao Almeida,Anne-Kathrin Bernhammer,Martin Breitenlechner,Sophia Brilke,Antonio Dias,Sebastian Ehrhart,Richard C. Flagan,Alessandro Franchin,Claudia Fuchs,Roberto Guida,Martin Gysel,Armin Hansel,Christopher R. Hoyle,Tuija Jokinen,Heikki Junninen,Juha Kangasluoma,Helmi Keskinen,Helmi Keskinen,Helmi Keskinen,Jaeseok Kim,Jaeseok Kim,Manuel Krapf,Andreas Kürten,Ari Laaksonen,Ari Laaksonen,Michael J. Lawler,Michael J. Lawler,Markus Leiminger,Serge Mathot,Ottmar Möhler,Tuomo Nieminen,Tuomo Nieminen,Antti Onnela,Tuukka Petäjä,Felix Piel,Pasi Miettinen,Matti P. Rissanen,Linda Rondo,Nina Sarnela,Siegfried Schobesberger,Siegfried Schobesberger,Kamalika Sengupta,Mikko Sipilä,James N. Smith,James N. Smith,Gerhard Steiner,Gerhard Steiner,Gerhard Steiner,António Tomé,Annele Virtanen,Andrea Christine Wagner,Ernest Weingartner,Ernest Weingartner,Daniela Wimmer,Daniela Wimmer,Paul M. Winkler,Penglin Ye,Kenneth S. Carslaw,Joachim Curtius,Josef Dommen,Jasper Kirkby,Jasper Kirkby,Markku Kulmala,Ilona Riipinen,Douglas R. Worsnop,Douglas R. Worsnop,Neil M. Donahue,Neil M. Donahue,Urs Baltensperger +90 more
TL;DR: It is shown that organic vapours alone can drive nucleation, and a particle growth model is presented that quantitatively reproduces the measurements and implements a parameterization of the first steps of growth in a global aerosol model that can change substantially in response to concentrations of atmospheric cloud concentration nuclei.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ion-induced nucleation of pure biogenic particles
Jasper Kirkby,Jasper Kirkby,Jonathan Duplissy,Jonathan Duplissy,Kamalika Sengupta,Carla Frege,Hamish Gordon,Christina Williamson,Christina Williamson,Martin Heinritzi,Martin Heinritzi,Mario Simon,Chao Yan,Joao Almeida,Joao Almeida,Jasmin Tröstl,Tuomo Nieminen,Tuomo Nieminen,Ismael K. Ortega,Robert Wagner,Alexey Adamov,António Amorim,Anne-Kathrin Bernhammer,F. Bianchi,F. Bianchi,Martin Breitenlechner,Sophia Brilke,Xuemeng Chen,J. S. Craven,Antonio Dias,Sebastian Ehrhart,Sebastian Ehrhart,Richard C. Flagan,Alessandro Franchin,Claudia Fuchs,Roberto Guida,Jani Hakala,Christopher R. Hoyle,Tuija Jokinen,Heikki Junninen,Juha Kangasluoma,Jaeseok Kim,Jaeseok Kim,Manuel Krapf,Andreas Kürten,Ari Laaksonen,Ari Laaksonen,Katrianne Lehtipalo,Katrianne Lehtipalo,Vladimir Makhmutov,Serge Mathot,Ugo Molteni,Antti Onnela,Otso Peräkylä,Felix Piel,Tuukka Petäjä,Arnaud P. Praplan,Kirsty J. Pringle,Alexandru Rap,N. A. D. Richards,Ilona Riipinen,Matti P. Rissanen,Linda Rondo,Nina Sarnela,Siegfried Schobesberger,Siegfried Schobesberger,Catherine E. Scott,John H. Seinfeld,Mikko Sipilä,Mikko Sipilä,Gerhard Steiner,Gerhard Steiner,Gerhard Steiner,Yuri Stozhkov,Frank Stratmann,António Tomé,Annele Virtanen,Alexander L. Vogel,Andrea Christine Wagner,Paul E. Wagner,Ernest Weingartner,Daniela Wimmer,Daniela Wimmer,Paul M. Winkler,Penglin Ye,Xuan Zhang,Armin Hansel,Josef Dommen,Neil M. Donahue,Douglas R. Worsnop,Douglas R. Worsnop,Urs Baltensperger,Markku Kulmala,Markku Kulmala,Kenneth S. Carslaw,Joachim Curtius +95 more
TL;DR: Ion-induced nucleation of pure organic particles constitutes a potentially widespread source of aerosol particles in terrestrial environments with low sulfuric acid pollution.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A global model of natural volatile organic compound emissions
Alex Guenther,C. Nicholas Hewitt,David J. Erickson,Ray Fall,Chris Geron,Thomas E. Graedel,Peter Harley,Lee Klinger,Manuel T. Lerdau,W. A. Mckay,Tom Pierce,Bob Scholes,Rainer Steinbrecher,Raja Tallamraju,John Taylor,Patrick R. Zimmerman +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a global model to estimate emissions of volatile organic compounds from natural sources (NVOC), which has a highly resolved spatial grid and generates hourly average emission estimates.
Journal ArticleDOI
The formation, properties and impact of secondary organic aerosol: current and emerging issues
Mattias Hallquist,John C. Wenger,Urs Baltensperger,Yinon Rudich,David Simpson,David Simpson,Magda Claeys,J. Dommen,Neil M. Donahue,Christian George,Christian George,Allen H. Goldstein,Jacqueline F. Hamilton,Hartmut Herrmann,Thorsten Hoffmann,Yoshiteru Iinuma,Myoseon Jang,Michael E. Jenkin,Jose L. Jimenez,Astrid Kiendler-Scharr,Willy Maenhaut,Gordon McFiggans,Th. F. Mentel,Anne Monod,André S. H. Prévôt,John H. Seinfeld,Jason D. Surratt,Rafal Szmigielski,Jürgen Wildt +28 more
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of the atmospheric degradation mechanisms for SOA precursors, gas-particle partitioning theory and analytical techniques used to determine the chemical composition of SOA is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of Organic Aerosols in the Atmosphere
Jose L. Jimenez,Manjula R. Canagaratna,Neil M. Donahue,André S. H. Prévôt,Qi Zhang,Jesse H. Kroll,Peter F. DeCarlo,James Allan,Hugh Coe,Nga L. Ng,Allison C. Aiken,Kenneth S. Docherty,Ingrid M. Ulbrich,Andrew P. Grieshop,Allen L. Robinson,Jonathan Duplissy,Jared D. Smith,Kevin R. Wilson,V. A. Lanz,Christoph Hueglin,Yele Sun,Yele Sun,Jian Tian,Ari Laaksonen,Tomi Raatikainen,Tomi Raatikainen,J. Rautiainen,Petri Vaattovaara,Mikael Ehn,Markku Kulmala,Markku Kulmala,Jason Tomlinson,Don R. Collins,Michael J. Cubison,Edward J. Dunlea,J. A. Huffman,Timothy B. Onasch,M. R. Alfarra,Paul I. Williams,Keith Bower,Yutaka Kondo,Johannes Schneider,Frank Drewnick,Stephan Borrmann,S. Weimer,Kenneth L. Demerjian,D. Salcedo,L. Cottrell,Robert J. Griffin,Akinori Takami,Takao Miyoshi,Shiro Hatakeyama,Akio Shimono,J. Y. Sun,Y. M. Zhang,Katja Dzepina,Joel R. Kimmel,Donna Sueper,J. T. Jayne,Scott C. Herndon,A. Trimborn,Leah R. Williams,Ezra C. Wood,Ann M. Middlebrook,Charles E. Kolb,Urs Baltensperger,Douglas R. Worsnop +66 more
TL;DR: A unifying model framework describing the atmospheric evolution of OA that is constrained by high–time-resolution measurements of its composition, volatility, and oxidation state is presented, which can serve as a basis for improving parameterizations in regional and global models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Field-Deployable, High-Resolution, Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer
Peter F. DeCarlo,Joel R. Kimmel,A. Trimborn,M. J. Northway,John T. Jayne,Allison C. Aiken,Marc Gonin,Katrin Fuhrer,Thomas Horvath,Kenneth S. Docherty,Doug Worsnop,Jose L. Jimenez +11 more
TL;DR: The development of a new high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) is reported, which allows the direct separation of most ions from inorganic and organic species at the same nominal m/z, and the quantification of several types of organic fragments.
Journal ArticleDOI
On-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels by means of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) medical applications, food control and environmental research
TL;DR: In this paper, a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) was developed which allows for on-line measurements of trace components with concentrations as low as a few pptv.
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