A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-inductor boost converter with integrated magnetics
TL;DR: In this paper, a zero-voltage switching (ZVS) two-inductive boost converter with integrated magnetics is proposed, where the two current source inductors, a resonant inductor and a two-winding transformer are integrated into one single magnetic core with three windings.
Abstract: A two-inductor boost converter topology has conduction loss and transformer utilization advantages in converting low-voltage higher current inputs to high output voltages. In this letter, a new zero-voltage switching (ZVS) two-inductor boost converter with integrated magnetics is proposed. In the new topology, the two current source inductors, a resonant inductor and a two-winding transformer, are integrated into one single magnetic core with three windings. Two windings simultaneously perform the functions of the current source inductors and the transformer primary. The transformer leakage inductance forms the resonant inductance. This leads to a much more compact converter design with a significant reduction in the number of core and winding components. A theoretical analysis establishes the operating point of the ZVS converter. Both of the theoretical and experimental waveforms, including flux waveforms for the legs of the integrated core structure, are presented at the end of the letter.
Citations
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TL;DR: A wide range zero-voltage switching (ZVS) active-clamped L-L type current-fed isolated dc-dc converter is proposed for fuel cells to utility interface application and maintains ZVS of all switches from full load down to very light load condition for wide input voltage variation.
Abstract: A wide range zero-voltage switching (ZVS) active-clamped L-L type current-fed isolated dc-dc converter is proposed for fuel cells to utility interface application. The proposed converter maintains ZVS of all switches from full load down to very light load condition for wide input voltage variation. Detailed operation, analysis, design, simulation and experimental results for the proposed converter are presented. The auxiliary active clamping circuit absorbs the turn-off voltage spike and also assists in achieving ZVS of main switches. The ZVS of auxiliary switches and main switches is achieved by the energy stored in the boost inductors and series inductor (aided by parallel inductor), respectively. Rectifier diodes operate with zero-current switching. An experimental converter rated at 200 W has been designed, built and tested in the laboratory to verify the analysis, design and performance of the proposed converter for wide variations in input voltage and load.
168 citations
Cites background from "A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-..."
...However, the major limitations of such converters are hard switching and switch turn-off voltage spike [16], [17], [25]–[27]....
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TL;DR: Analysis and design of zero-voltage switching (ZVS) active-clamped current-fed full-bridge isolated dc/dc converter for fuel cell applications and detailed operation, analysis, design, simulation, and experimental results are presented.
Abstract: This paper presents analysis and design of zero-voltage switching (ZVS) active-clamped current-fed full-bridge isolated dc/dc converter for fuel cell applications. The designed converter maintains ZVS of all switches from full load down to very light load condition over wide input voltage variation. Detailed operation, analysis, design, simulation, and experimental results for the proposed design are presented. The additional auxiliary active clamping circuit absorbs the turn-off voltage spike limiting the peak voltage across the devices allowing the selection and use of low-voltage devices with low on-state resistance. In addition, it also assists in achieving ZVS of semiconductor devices. The converter utilizes the energy stored in the transformer leakage inductance aided by its magnetizing inductance to maintain ZVS. ZVS range depends upon the design, in particular the ratio of leakage and magnetizing inductances of the transformer. Rectifier diodes operate with zero-current switching. An experimental converter prototype rated at 500 W has been designed, built, and tested in the laboratory to verify the analysis, design, and performance for wide variations in input voltage and load.
150 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the variable frequency operation of the ZVS two-inductor boost converter to secure an adjustable output voltage range while maintaining the resonant switching transitions, achieving part load efficiencies above 92% and an efficiency of 89.6% at the maximum power of 200W.
Abstract: The two-inductor boost converter has been previously presented in a zero-voltage switching (ZVS) form where the transformer leakage inductance and the MOSFET output capacitance can be utilized as part of the resonant elements. In many applications, such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in grid interactive photovoltaic systems, the resonant two-inductor boost converter is required to operate with variable input output voltage ratios. This paper studies the variable frequency operation of the ZVS two-inductor boost converter to secure an adjustable output voltage range while maintaining the resonant switching transitions. The design method of the resonant converter is thoroughly investigated and explicit control functions relating the circuit timing factors and the voltage gain for a 200-W converter are established. The converter has an input voltage of 20V and is able to produce a variable output voltage from 169V to 340V while retaining ZVS with a frequency variation of 1MHz to 407kHz. Five sets of theoretical, simulation and experimental waveforms are provided for the selected operating points over the variable load range at the end of the paper and they agree reasonably well. The converter has achieved part load efficiencies above 92% and an efficiency of 89.6% at the maximum power of 200W
104 citations
Cites background from "A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-..."
...Further size reduction of the resonant two-inductor boost converter can be achieved by the magnetic integration approach [9]....
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02 Apr 2007
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of various soft-switched high frequency transformer isolated DC-DC converters for fuel cell to utility interface application is presented, and it is shown that due to wide variation in fuel cell voltage with load variation, none of the voltage-fed converters can maintain ZVS for the complete operating range.
Abstract: High frequency (HF) transformer isolated DC-DC converter is a part of a fuel cell inverter system for utility interface, required to translate the level of low fuel cell stack voltage to meet the peak utility line voltage and provides isolation between inverter and utility line. This paper presents a comparison of various soft-switched HF transformer isolated DC-DC converters for fuel cell to utility interface application. It is shown that due to wide variation in fuel cell voltage with load variation, none of the voltage-fed converters can maintain ZVS for the complete operating range. Active clamped two-inductor current-fed converter is able to maintain ZVS for wide load and fuel cell stack voltage variations and is suitable for the present application. Analytical and simulation results to evaluate the performance of the current-fed converter are presented.
76 citations
TL;DR: The experimental results show that the proposed IMBC can achieve both input and output current ripple cancellation and RHP zero elimination with the maximum efficiency of 96.8%.
Abstract: This paper presents a novel integrated magnetic boost converter (IMBC) with both input/output current ripple cancellation and right-half-plane (RHP) zero elimination. The input inductor, output inductor, and the ripple cancellation network auxiliary inductor of the proposed IMBC have been integrated in one magnetic core. Two extra capacitors were added to achieve input and output current ripple cancellation. Therefore, the input current ripple of the IMBC dropped to one-twelfth of the original in a conventional boost converter, and the output current worked in continuous-conduction-mode with very small ripple. Meanwhile, the proposed IMBC has eliminated the RHP zero of the boost converter, which means higher bandwidth can be reached. The using of the integrated magnetic technique not only performs above advantages but also shows great potential for reducing the weight and volume of dc-dc converter. Finally, three 36 V input, 50 V output and 500 W prototypes operating at 100 kHz are implemented to verify the expected performance. The experimental results show that the proposed IMBC can achieve both input and output current ripple cancellation and RHP zero elimination with the maximum efficiency of 96.8%. All these advantages of the IMBC are very important especially in high dynamic response, high efficiency, and high-power application.
66 citations
Cites methods from "A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-..."
...A zero-voltage switching two-inductor boost converter with integrated magnetic is proposed in [29]....
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of single-phase inverters developed for small distributed power generators is presented, compared, and evaluated against the requirements of power decoupling and dual-grounding, the capabilities for grid-connected or/and stand-alone operations, and specific DG applications.
Abstract: This paper presents an overview of single-phase inverters developed for small distributed power generators. The functions of inverters in distributed power generation (DG) systems include dc-ac conversion, output power quality assurance, various protection mechanisms, and system controls. Unique requirements for small distributed power generation systems include low cost, high efficiency and tolerance for an extremely wide range of input voltage variations. These requirements have driven the inverter development toward simpler topologies and structures, lower component counts, and tighter modular design. Both single-stage and multiple-stage inverters have been developed for power conversion in DG systems. Single-stage inverters offer simple structure and low cost, but suffer from a limited range of input voltage variations and are often characterized by compromised system performance. On the other hand, multiple-stage inverters accept a wide range of input voltage variations, but suffer from high cost, complicated structure and low efficiency. Various circuit topologies are presented, compared, and evaluated against the requirements of power decoupling and dual-grounding, the capabilities for grid-connected or/and stand-alone operations, and specific DG applications in this paper, along with the identification of recent development trends of single-phase inverters for distributed power generators.
899 citations
"A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-..." refers background in this paper
...The demand for three separate magnetic components in the two-inductor boost converter tends to depart from the philosophy of “more silicon and less iron” in the design of the modern power electronic converters [3]....
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01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the need for power sources of higher performance, smaller volume, and lighter weight in order to achieve compatibility with the shrinking size of all forms of communication and data handling systems, and particularly with the portable battery-operated equipment in everything from horne appliances and handtools to mobile communication equipment.
Abstract: As each area of technology with a potential for significantly impacting any major segment of the electronics industry evolves, it often is accompanied by the development of a succession of new circuits. Each new circuit indeed appears different, employing different components in differing configurations, and claims an assortment of distinct features of "improved performance. " Without a considerable investment of laboratory time to construct, evaluate, and compare each candidate circuit, it usually is difficult to realistically appraise the relative merits of one approach over another. It often is even more difficult to identify the underlying principles which point up basic similarities and differences. Such is the situation in the new and rapidly expanding area known as electronic power processing or switching mode power supplies. The area of switching power supplies has been spurred by the need for power sources of higher performance, smaller volume, and lighter weight in order to achieve compatibility with the shrinking size of all forms of communication and data handling systems, and particularly with the portable battery-operated equipment in everything from horne appliances and handtools to mobile com munication equipment. Static dc-to-dc converters and dc-to-ac inverters provide a natural interface with the new direct energy sources such as solar cells, fuel cells, thermoelectric generators, and the like, and form the central ingredient in most uninterruptable power sources."
474 citations
"A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-..." refers background in this paper
...3(a) and rescaling the circuit parameters as elaborated in [7], the equivalent electrical model of the magnetic structure in Fig....
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...The current-doubler rectifier is related to the two-inductor boost converter by the principle of bilateral inversion [7]....
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TL;DR: A current-sourcing switch-mode power supply topology is developed by applying a duality principle to a voltage-sourced half-bridge converter that has boost converter characteristics and is suited to low-voltage high-current input applications.
Abstract: A current-sourced switch-mode power supply topology is developed by applying a duality principle to a voltage-sourced half-bridge converter. The converter has boost converter characteristics and is suited to low-voltage high-current input applications. It is shown to compare favorably with the center-tapped transformer converter. Two optional enhancements-nondissipative snubber networks and inductor clamping windings-are also examined. Some results obtained with a low-power prototype are presented. >
241 citations
"A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-..." refers background in this paper
...THE two-inductor boost converter is well suited for low-voltage input, high-voltage output applications [1]....
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TL;DR: The output voltage regulation of the proposed converters is achieved in a wide load and input-voltage range with constant-frequency control by employing an auxiliary transformer that couples the current paths of the two boost inductors.
Abstract: A new, two-inductor, two-switch boost converter topology and its variations suitable for applications with a large difference between the input and output voltage are described. The output voltage regulation of the proposed converters is achieved in a wide load and input-voltage range with constant-frequency control by employing an auxiliary transformer that couples the current paths of the two boost inductors.
170 citations
23 Feb 1997
TL;DR: In this paper, an innovative design for a high efficiency, low profile, low voltage DC-DC power converter module intended for card mounted applications in a distributed aircraft power system was presented.
Abstract: This paper presents an innovative design for a high efficiency, low profile, low voltage DC-DC power converter module intended for card mounted applications in a distributed aircraft power system. An innovative integrated magnetic structure for the half-bridge power converter lumps all the magnetic components into one structure and reduces the number of magnetic terminations. By incorporating advanced hybrid power packaging with the proposed integrated magnetic technique, a preliminary hybrid module of 1.6"/spl times/2.0" footprint and 0.21" height was developed. An overall efficiency (including the control circuit and power stage) of 90% was achieved for a 3.3 V, 100 W output operating at a 500 kHz switching frequency. The new integrated magnetic structure can be extended to other topologies.
148 citations
"A leakage-inductance-based ZVS two-..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Among these, one particular application uses a core with three windings to implement a transformer and the two inductors in a current-doubler rectifier circuit [6]....
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...As the primary side of the two-inductor boost converter shares a similar topology with the current doubler rectifier, the integrated magnetic scheme employed in [6] can be adopted by the two-inductor topology to merge the two input inductors and the one transformer into a single core with three windings....
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...The current-doubler rectifier solution was proposed as a hard-switched converter [6]....
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