A Low-Complexity Distributed Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) Scheme for Emerging Multi-Cell HetNets
01 Jan 2012-pp 1-5
TL;DR: Simulation results confirm the low-complexity of the proposed algorithm and its increased effectiveness over a number of state-of-art interference avoidance schemes.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a low-complexity distributed Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) for emerging multi-cell HetNets (Heterogeneous Networks). The proposed scheme is quickly solved using linear programming tools and aims to maximize both the critical and the overall performance of the multi-cell system. Additionally, a utility measure is used to provide a varying level of user fairness to satisfy the most demanding network providers. Simulation results confirm the low-complexity of the proposed algorithm and its increased effectiveness over a number of state-of-art interference avoidance schemes.
Citations
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TL;DR: Although this paper focuses on 3GPP LTE/LTE-A mobile networks in the downlink, a similar framework can be applied for any typical multi-cellular environment based on OFDMA technology.
Abstract: The widely accepted OFDMA air interface technology has recently been adopted in most mobile standards by the wireless industry. However, similar to other frequency-time multiplexed systems, their performance is limited by inter-cell interference. To address this performance degradation, interference mitigation can be employed to maximize the potential capacity of such interference-limited systems. This paper surveys key issues in mitigating interference and gives an overview of the recent developments of a promising mitigation technique, namely, interference avoidance through inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC). By using optimization theory, an ICIC problem is formulated in a multi-cell OFDMA-based system and some research directions in simplifying the problem and associated challenges are given. Furthermore, we present the main trends of interference avoidance techniques that can be incorporated in the main ICIC formulation. Although this paper focuses on 3GPP LTE/LTE-A mobile networks in the downlink, a similar framework can be applied for any typical multi-cellular environment based on OFDMA technology. Some promising future directions are identified and, finally, the state-of-the-art interference avoidance techniques are compared under LTE-system parameters.
166 citations
Cites background from "A Low-Complexity Distributed Inter-..."
...the intra-cell RRM as the local problem and the intercell resource restriction as the network problem [46]....
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TL;DR: Outer approximation algorithm (OAA) is proposed to solve capacity maximization problem in device-to-device (D2D) assisted heterogeneous relay networks, using mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP).
12 citations
TL;DR: The inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) problem in a multicell orthogonal frequency division multiple access based cellular network employing universal frequency reuse is studied and it is shown that this problem is NP-complete and the greedy algorithm outperforms the SA algorithm in dense cellular networks.
Abstract: We study the inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) problem in a multicell orthogonal frequency division multiple access based cellular network employing universal frequency reuse. In each cell, only a subset of the available subchannels are allocated to mobile stations (MSs) in a given time slot so as to limit the interference to neighboring cells; also, each base station (BS) uses a fixed transmit power on every allocated subchannel. The objective is to allocate the available subchannels in each cell to the MSs in the cell for downlink transmissions taking into account the channel qualities from BSs to MSs as well as traffic requirements of the MSs so as to maximize the weighted sum of throughputs of all the MSs. First, we show that this problem is NP-complete. Next, we show that when the potential interference levels to each MS on every subchannel are above a threshold (which is a function of the transmit power and the channel gain to the MS from the BS it is associated with), the problem can be optimally solved in polynomial-time via a reduction to the matching problem in bipartite graphs. We also formulate the ICIC problem as a noncooperative game, with each BS being a player, and prove that although it is an ordinal potential game in two special cases, it is not an ordinal potential game in general. Also, we design two heuristic algorithms for the general ICIC problem: a greedy distributed algorithm and a simulated annealing (SA) based algorithm. The distributed algorithm is fast and requires only message exchanges among neighboring BSs. The SA algorithm is centralized and allows a tradeoff between quality of solution and execution time via an appropriate choice of parameters. Our extensive simulations show that the total throughput obtained using the better response (BR) algorithm, which is often used in game theory, is very small compared to those obtained using the SA and greedy algorithms; however, the execution time of the BR algorithm is much smaller than those of the latter two algorithms. Finally, the greedy algorithm outperforms the SA algorithm in dense cellular networks and requires only a small fraction of the number of computations required by the latter algorithm for execution.
9 citations
Cites background or methods from "A Low-Complexity Distributed Inter-..."
...the proposed scheme in [17] is not a fully distributed scheme....
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...A distributed ICIC scheme to maximize the critical and overall performance of a multi-cell system was proposed in [17]....
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...The ICIC with fixed transmit power problem was considered in [3], [17]....
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Proceedings Article•
16 Apr 2013TL;DR: An improved Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) for emerging multi-cell wireless systems gives a proper inter-cell resource allocation by employing the concept of interference avoidance and describes the inter-relationship of all base stations in a holistic way.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose an improved Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) for emerging multi-cell wireless systems. The ICIC provided in this paper gives a proper inter-cell resource allocation by employing the concept of interference avoidance and describes the inter-relationship of all base stations in a holistic way. We use a semi-centralized ICIC scheme which divides the global optimum problem into a multicell and multi-user problem. Our performance metrics are the aggregate sector throughput and the critical throughput of a multi-cell system. The critical throughput is defined as the 5th percentile of the aggregate user throughput. Simulation results confirm the increased effectiveness of the proposed ICIC in both metrics over a number of state-of-the-art interference avoidance schemes. Keywords - component; Inter-cell RRM; Semi-centralized RRM; Linear/Binary Optimization; Inter-Cell Interference Coordination.
6 citations
02 Jun 2013
TL;DR: This novel scheme aims to maximize the user fairness performance of the overall system as well as minimizing the total average transmit power at the base station side to satisfy the complexity requirements associated with multi-cell networks.
Abstract: We present a distributed energy-efficient Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) scheme for multi- cell HetNets (Heterogeneous Networks) in the downlink. This novel scheme aims to maximize the user fairness performance of the overall system as well as minimizing the total average transmit power at the base station side. We consider a realistic power model to characterize the power consumed (including circuit and transmitted power) at the base station side. We define an energy efficient performance metric in bits/Joule and the user fairness as the 5th percentile of the average user throughput. The proposed scheme is divided into the following three stages: dominant interferences classification, inter-cell radio resource allocation and intra-cell power control. The inter-cell radio resource allocation is formulated as a multidimensional knapsack problem. In order to satisfy the complexity requirements associated with multi-cell networks, we simplify, relax and decompose the original problem into a main master problem and multiple sub-problems. Our simulation results show the proposed scheme significantly increases both the user fairness and the energy efficiency (EE) of the overall network.
4 citations
Cites background from "A Low-Complexity Distributed Inter-..."
...This problem can be formulated as a linear problem subject to multiple constraints [9]....
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...multi-cell ICIC framework from our previous work [9] with an emphasis on user fairness and EE of the overall network....
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References
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Book•
29 Aug 2011
TL;DR: Scrase et al. as discussed by the authors provide a comprehensive system-level understanding of LTE, built on explanations of the theories which underlie it, and provide a broad, balanced and reliable perspective on this important technology Lucid yet thorough, the book devotes particular effort to explaining the theoretical concepts in an accessible way.
Abstract: Where this book is exceptional is that the reader will not just learn how LTE works but why it works Adrian Scrase, ETSI Vice-President, International Partnership Projects LTE - The UMTS Long Term Evolution: From Theory to Practice provides the reader with a comprehensive system-level understanding of LTE, built on explanations of the theories which underlie it The book is the product of a collaborative effort of key experts representing a wide range of companies actively participating in the development of LTE, as well as academia This gives the book a broad, balanced and reliable perspective on this important technology Lucid yet thorough, the book devotes particular effort to explaining the theoretical concepts in an accessible way, while retaining scientific rigour It highlights practical implications and draws comparisons with the well-known WCDMA/HSPA standards The authors not only pay special attention to the physical layer, giving insight into the fundamental concepts of OFDMA, SC-FDMA and MIMO, but also cover the higher protocol layers and system architecture to enable the reader to gain an overall understanding of the system Key Features: Draws on the breadth of experience of a wide range of key experts from both industry and academia, giving the book a balanced and broad perspective on LTE Provides a detailed description and analysis of the complete LTE system, especially the ground-breaking new physical layer Offers a solid treatment of the underlying advances in fundamental communications and information theory on which LTE is based Addresses practical issues and implementation challenges related to the deployment of LTE as a cellular system Includes an accompanying website containing a complete list of acronyms related to LTE, with a brief description of each (http://wwwwileycom/go/sesia_theumts) This book is an invaluable reference for all research and development engineers involved in LTE implementation, as well as graduate and PhD students in wireless communications Network operators, service providers and R&D managers will also find this book insightful
3,452 citations
Book•
31 Jul 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a very up-to-date and practical book, written by engineers working closely in 3GPP, gives insight into the newest technologies and standards adopted by threeGPP with detailed explanations of the specific solutions chosen and their implementation in HSPA and LTE.
Abstract: This very up-to-date and practical book, written by engineers working closely in 3GPP, gives insight into the newest technologies and standards adopted by 3GPP, with detailed explanations of the specific solutions chosen and their implementation in HSPA and LTE. The key technologies presented include multi-carrier transmission, advanced single-carrier transmission, advanced receivers, OFDM, MIMO and adaptive antenna solutions, advanced radio resource management and protocols, and different radio network architectures. Their role and use in the context of mobile broadband access in general is explained. Both a high-level overview and more detailed step-by-step explanations of HSPA and LTE implementation are given. An overview of other related systems such as TD SCDMA, CDMA2000, and WIMAX is also provided.This is a 'must-have' resource for engineers and other professionals working with cellular or wireless broadband technologies who need to know how to utilize the new technology to stay ahead of the competition.The authors of the book all work at Ericsson Research and are deeply involved in 3G development and standardisation since the early days of 3G research. They are leading experts in the field and are today still actively contributing to the standardisation of both HSPA and LTE within 3GPP. * Gives the first explanation of the radio access technologies and key international standards for moving to the next stage of 3G evolution: fully operational mobile broadband* Describes the new technologies selected by the 3GPP to realise High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) for mobile broadband * Gives both higher-level overviews and detailed explanations of HSPA and LTE as specified by 3GPP
1,554 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2009
1,040 citations
"A Low-Complexity Distributed Inter-..." refers background in this paper
...This coordinated resource management can be achieved through fixed, adaptive or real-time coordination with the help of additional inter-cell signaling in which the signaling rate can vary accordingly [1]....
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16 May 2010
TL;DR: A MATLAB computationally efficient LTE system level simulator capable of evaluating the performance of the Downlink Shared Channel of LTE SISO and MIMO networks using Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing and Transmission Diversity transmit modes is presented.
Abstract: In order to evaluate the performance of new mobile network technologies, system level simulations are crucial. They aim at determining whether, and at which level predicted link level gains impact network performance. In this paper we present a MATLAB computationally efficient LTE system level simulator. The simulator is offered for free under an academic, noncommercial use license, a first to the authors' knowledge. The simulator is capable of evaluating the performance of the Downlink Shared Channel of LTE SISO and MIMO networks using Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing and Transmission Diversity transmit modes. The physical layer model is based on the postequalization SINR and provides the simulation pre-calculated "fading parameters" representing each of the individual interference terms. This structure allows the fading parameters to be pregenerated offline, vastly reducing computational complexity at run-time.
578 citations
"A Low-Complexity Distributed Inter-..." refers methods in this paper
...SIMULATION STUDY The simulation study is performed on the downlink using the freely available LTE-based system-level simulator [8] in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed distributed ICIC vs....
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01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this article, a slotted OFDM radio interface is used, in which time-frequency bins are allocated adaptively to different users within a downlink beam, based on their channel quality.
Abstract: A downlink radio interface is proposed for cellular packet data systems with wide area coverage and high spectral efficiency. A slotted OFDM radio interface is used, in which time-frequency bins are allocated adaptively to different users within a downlink beam, based on their channel quality. Fading channels generated by vehicular 100 km/h users may be accommodated. Frequency division duplex (FDD) is assumed, which requires channel prediction in the terminals and feedback of that information to a packet scheduler at the base station. To attain both high spectral efficiency and good coverage within sectors/beams, a scheme based on coordinated scheduling between sectors of the same site, and the employment of frequency reuse factor above 1 only in outer parts of the sector, is proposed and evaluated. The resulting sector throughput increases with the number of active users. When terminals have one antenna and channels are Rayleigh fading, it results in a sector payload capacity between 1.2 (one user) and 2.1 bits/s/Hz/sector (for 30 users) in an interference-limited environment.
186 citations
"A Low-Complexity Distributed Inter-..." refers background in this paper
...2 shows the CDF of UE throughput for five major different schemes employed by outdoor deployment i.e. reuse1 (FR1), reuse-3 (FR3), fractional frequency reuse (FFR) [10], and the proposed ICIC scheme, in which one (ICIC-1) or two (ICIC-2) dominant interference(s) can be mitigated....
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...Similar to the FFR, the soft frequency reuse (SFR) with power amplification and power restriction technique in different regions shows an analogous performance trade-off [11]....
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...This scheme is more susceptible (compared to SFR and FFR schemes) in unplanned deployments, such as HeNB network, where their operation or their location can vary from house to house....
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...A good compromise is the FFR which employs a mixture of reuse-1 and reuse-3....
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...The proposed scheme outperforms all schemes in average cell performance and by mitigating up to two dominant interferences, the ICIC-2 slightly surpasses the eNB FFR in critical performance; however, at the expense of system performance....
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