A model predictive control-based hybrid MPPT method for boost converters
TL;DR: A digital control method that does not need any comparator is developed and has excellent dynamic performance thanks to its feature of reference tracking in only one switching period.
Abstract: In this study, Perturb and Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithm and Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm are combined to improve the dynamic performance of the control structu...
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The characteristics of available and on-going trends of non-isolated converters that includes buck-boost, single ended primary inductor converter, cuk, z-source, zeta, and hybrid DC-DC converters are highlighted based on the performance parameters that are analyzed using MATLAB Simulink.
92 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of research on microgrid stability is presented to identify and guide future studies and presents optimization and control techniques that can be used to provide transient stability in the islanded or grid-connected mode operations of a microgrid comprising renewable energy sources.
Abstract: Microgrids are distribution networks consisting of distributed energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind turbines, that have traditionally been one of the most popular sources of energy. Furthermore, microgrids consist of energy storage systems and loads (e.g., industrial and residential) that may operate in grid-connected mode or islanded mode. While microgrids are an efficient source in terms of inexpensive, clean and renewable energy for distributed renewable energy sources that are connected to the existing grid, these renewable energy sources also cause many difficulties to the microgrid due to their characteristics. These difficulties mainly include voltage collapses, voltage and frequency fluctuations and phase difference faults in both islanded mode and in the grid-connected mode operations. Stability of the microgrid structure is necessary for providing transient stability using intelligent optimization methods to eliminate the abovementioned difficulties that affect power quality. This paper presents optimization and control techniques that can be used to provide transient stability in the islanded or grid-connected mode operations of a microgrid comprising renewable energy sources. The results obtained from these techniques were compared, analyzing studies in the literature and finding the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods presented. Thus, a comprehensive review of research on microgrid stability is presented to identify and guide future studies.
31 citations
Cites methods from "A model predictive control-based hy..."
...In renewable energy sources or hybrid energy systems, this situation can be prevented using control algorithms that run independently of system parameters, such as the sliding mode control method, whereas unknown system parameters or changes in system control algorithm parameters that depend on model parameters, such as the model predictive control method, adversely affect control efficiency [31,32]....
[...]
25 Sep 2020
TL;DR: The proposed adaptive perturbation sensorless current mode MPPT (ASC-MPPT) technique performance is compared to the well-known incremental conductance (InCon) MPPT technique.
Abstract: Finite control set model predictive control (MPC) is a model-based control method that can include multi-objective optimization, constrained control, adaptive control, and online auto-tuning of weighting factors all in a single controller that exhibits fast dynamic tracking. This paper utilizes the model-based framework of MPC to develop a sensorless current maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. Eliminating the current sensor can reduce the cost and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic system. This paper also utilizes constrained control and online auto-tuning of MPC to develop an adaptive perturbation MPPT to reduce steady-state oscillation and improve dynamic performance. This paper builds in a single framework the different layers of the MPPT problem: control, estimation, and MPPT. The proposed adaptive perturbation sensorless current mode MPPT (ASC-MPPT) technique performance is compared to the well-known incremental conductance (InCon) MPPT technique. The EN50530 European industrial test standards were used to demonstrate performance.
22 citations
Cites background from "A model predictive control-based hy..."
...cessitates careful consideration for the sizing of passive components [40] and could cause high input current ripple [41], which adversely affects PV system performance [42]....
[...]
01 Nov 2019
TL;DR: A Maximum Power Point Tracking based Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach to obtain high accuracy and fast dynamic response and the effectiveness of the proposed approach has been tested under varying irradiation and cloudy conditions.
Abstract: This paper presents a Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT) based Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach to obtain high accuracy and fast dynamic response. The tracking capability of the base algorithm is improved by the combination of two-methods. The proposed control approach tested on a three-phase grid-connected inverter that fed by PV panel group. Switching signals of the inverter are generated by the MPC algorithm. Reference current of the MPC algorithm determined by Perturb and Observe MPPT method. Thus, power flow is controlled by the MPC algorithm based on MPPT. Power flow, MPPT efficiency and THD analyzes are examined in a simulation that performed by using MATLAB/Simulink environment. Especially, the effectiveness of the proposed approach has been tested under varying irradiation and cloudy conditions. Besides the MPPT analyzes, current tracking capability of the MPC algorithm is examined under dynamic transition conditions. Results show that, MPPT efficiency of the proposed control approach is 98%.
21 citations
Cites background or methods from "A model predictive control-based hy..."
...MPC [2] and sliding mode control (SMC) [6] techniques are popular methods in terms of dynamic responses....
[...]
...In general, secondary control algorithms [1-5] are preferred to increase of sensitivity and dynamic capability of control algorithms....
[...]
...Besides the only voltage or current control, the MPC algorithm is combined with MPPT to obtain better tracking performance [2, 13]....
[...]
...The classic P&O MPPT algorithm that detailed discussed in [2] is used to determine the reference current for the inverter....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) method for dc-dc single-ended primary-induction converters with autotuning weighting factor capability is presented.
Abstract: In this article, a model predictive control (MPC) method for dc–dc single-ended primary-inductor converters with autotuning weighting factor capability is presented. The conventional MPC requires retuning of the weighting factor when the operating condition of the converter is changed. The effect of this change is observed as inability of the controller in maintaining the switching frequency constant. The weighting factor avoids excessive switching frequency in the dc–dc converters. Based on the relation between the inductor current ripple and switching frequency, an autotuning weighting factor based MPC is proposed. The effect of the weighting factor on the switching frequency is investigated. The proposed MPC eliminates the need for retuning the weighting factor when the operating point of the converter is changed. The proposed control strategy is verified experimentally under input voltage, load, and parameter variations. The results obtained from conventional and proposed MPC methods are compared. It is shown that the proposed MPC method controls the average switching frequency when the operating mode of the converter is changed. Furthermore, parameter mismatch results are presented for both conventional and proposed MPC methods.
20 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, a modified P&O was proposed to reduce the steady-state oscillation and mitigate the probability of losing the tracking direction of the perturb and observed (P&O)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for PV system.
Abstract: This paper proposes a method to reduce the steady-state oscillation and to mitigate the probability of losing the tracking direction of the perturb and observed (P&O)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for PV system. The modified scheme retains the conventional P&O structure, but with a unique technique to dynamically alter the perturbation size. At the same time, a dynamic boundary condition is introduced to ensure that the algorithm will not diverge from its tracking locus. The modified P&O is simulated in MATLAB Simulink and its performance is benchmarked using the standard MPPT efficiency ${{\boldsymbol{\eta }}_{MPPT}}$ calculation. Furthermore, the proposed concept is validated experimentally using a buck-boost converter, fed by a solar PV array simulator (PVAS). Based on the EN 50530 dynamic irradiance tests, the proposed method achieved an average ${{\boldsymbol{\eta }}_{MPPT}}$ almost 1.1% higher than the conventional P&O when irradiance changes slowly and about 12% higher under fast change of irradiance.
320 citations
"A model predictive control-based hy..." refers background in this paper
...Detailed information about these overshoot issues can be found in Ahmed & Salam (2016) that proposes the variable step P&O algorithm to improve the dynamic response of the control method....
[...]
18 Mar 2009
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss some of the most emerging renewable energy sources, wind energy and photovoltaics, which by means of power electronics are changing from being minor energy sources to be acting as important power sources in the energy system.
Abstract: The global electrical energy consumption is still rising and there is a demand to double the power capacity within 20 years. The production, distribution and use of energy should be as technological efficient as possible and incentives to save energy at the end-user should also be set up. Deregulation of energy has in the past lowered the investment in larger power plants, which means the need for new electrical power sources may be very high in the near future. Two major technologies will play important roles to solve the future problems. One is to change the electrical power production sources from the conventional, fossil (and short term) based energy sources to renewable energy resources. Another is to use high efficient power electronics in power generation, power transmission/distribution and end-user application. This paper discuss some of the most emerging renewable energy sources, wind energy and photovoltaics, which by means of power electronics are changing from being minor energy sources to be acting as important power sources in the energy system.
203 citations
"A model predictive control-based hy..." refers result in this paper
...Thus, the proposed prototype model offers the same efficiency with similar ones those have proposed for similar power levels in the literature (Abu-Rub et al., 2014)....
[...]
TL;DR: A review of MPPT techniques using of comprehensive and relatively new classification with emphasizing on comparison of methods is presented in this paper, where the MPPT technique is compared from an economical and technical point of view.
Abstract: The energy problem is one of the most important and serious problems that humanity is faced with it and this is while the fossil fuels are running out, so finding new sources of energy is one of the challenges of modern man. Solar energy is an available, newable and almost eternal energy which can be converted directly to electrical energy by photovoltaic (PV) cells. Although the use of sunlight costs nothing but PV cells are relatively expensive so it's necessary to extract maximum power from these cells because of economic reasons. To achieve the maximum power point, there are many techniques and also many review papers but just few papers have compared these techniques from economical and technical point of view. This paper presents a review of MPPT techniques using of comprehensive and relatively new classification with emphasizing on comparison of methods.
150 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a sensorless current (SC) MPPT algorithm using model predictive control (MPC) was proposed to eliminate the current sensor that is usually required for well-known MPPT techniques such as perturb and observe (P&O) by predicting the PV system states in horizon of time.
Abstract: Variability in the solar irradiance level and ambient temperature of photovoltaic (PV) systems necessitates the use of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of PV systems to ensure continuous harvesting of maximum power This paper presents a sensorless current (SC) MPPT algorithm using model predictive control (MPC) The main contribution of this paper is the use of model-based predictive control principle to eliminate the current sensor that is usually required for well-known MPPT techniques such as perturb and observe (P&O) By predicting the PV system states in horizon of time, the proposed method becomes an elegant, embedded controller that allows faster response and lower power ripple in steady state than the conventional P&O technique under rapidly changing atmospheric conditions This becomes possible without requiring expensive sensing and communications equipment and networks for direct measurement of solar irradiation changes The performance of the proposed SC-MPC-MPPT with reduced load sensitivity is evaluated on the basis of industrial European Efficiency Test, EN 50530, that assesses the performance of PV systems under dynamic environmental conditions The proposed control technique is implemented experimentally using dSPACE DS1007 platform to verify the simulation results
131 citations
"A model predictive control-based hy..." refers background or methods in this paper
...When the prediction horizon is selected greater than one, predictions are shifted one-step and the next optimisation is performed (Metry et al., 2017)....
[...]
...Thus, a cost function that includes the future states, references and future actuations can be defined as follows (Metry et al., 2017):...
[...]
...Thus, a cost function that includes the future states, references and future actuations can be defined as follows (Metry et al., 2017): g ¼ f x kð Þ; u kð Þ; ::::::; u k þ N 1ð Þð Þ (4) To obtain the total cost function, the discrete-time MPC method can be applied in three steps as following…...
[...]
TL;DR: A key novelty of the presented control strategy lies in the way dynamic references are handled, capable of providing suitable references for the inductor current and the output voltage, without requiring additional control loops.
Abstract: The implementation of multistep direct model predictive control (MPC) for dc–dc boost converters overcomes the well-known issue of nonminimum phase behavior. However, it can lead to a high computational burden depending on the prediction horizon length. In this paper, a simple and computationally efficient MPC method for dc–dc boost converters is proposed. The key novelty of the presented control strategy lies in the way dynamic references are handled. The control strategy is capable of providing suitable references for the inductor current and the output voltage, without requiring additional control loops. Moreover, this reference design allows the predictive controller to be implemented with a single-step prediction horizon. Thus, a significant reduction in the required real-time calculations executed in the control hardware is achieved. To obtain constant switching frequency, the power switch commutation instants within a sampling period are considered as control inputs. Therefore, the predictive controller is formulated as a continuous control set MPC. Additionally, the proposed formulation is able to deal with different operation modes of the converter without changing the controller structure. Finally, an observer is used to dynamically modify the reference to provide robustness to system parameter uncertainties. Simulation and experimental results show an accurate tracking of dynamic inductor current and output voltage references, while respecting the restrictions on maximum inductor current levels of the converter.
114 citations
"A model predictive control-based hy..." refers result in this paper
...According to some comparison studies (Cheng et al., 2018; Ren, Zheng, & Li, 2015), MPC technique gives better results than conventional methods....
[...]