A Multipath TCP Based on Network Coding in Wireless Mesh Networks
26 Dec 2009-pp 3946-3950
TL;DR: Using multipath routing, the source side can send more encode packets and the transmission rate becomes more faster, as a result, the network achieves higher throughput compared to TCP in the presence of lossy wireless links.
Abstract: It is a challenge that network coding achieve wide use in wireless mesh networks. Network coding must be compatible or friendly with TCP in practice. We propose a mechanism that naturally add network coding to current network systems. In our scheme, the destination feedback the degree of freedom of encoding block, and delays of packet delivery minimize reordering and timeouts. Using multipath routing, the source side can send more encode packets and the transmission rate becomes more faster, as a result, the network achieves higher throughput compared to TCP in the presence of lossy wireless links.
Citations
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01 Sep 2013
TL;DR: The results show that network coding can provide users in mobile environments a higher quality of service by enabling the use of multiple network technologies and the capability to overcome packet losses due to lossy, wireless network connections.
Abstract: Existing mobile devices have the capability to use multiple network technologies simultaneously to help increase performance; but they rarely, if at all, effectively use these technologies in parallel. We first present empirical data to help understand the mobile environment when three heterogeneous networks are available to the mobile device (i.e., a WiFi network, WiMax network, and an Iridium satellite network). We then propose a reliable, multi-path protocol called Multi-Path TCP with Network Coding (MPTCP/NC) that utilizes each of these networks in parallel. An analytical model is developed and a mean-field approximation is derived that gives an estimate of the protocol's achievable throughput. Finally, a comparison between MPTCP and MPTCP/NC is presented using both the empirical data and mean-field approximation. Our results show that network coding can provide users in mobile environments a higher quality of service by enabling the use of multiple network technologies and the capability to overcome packet losses due to lossy, wireless network connections.
52 citations
Cites background from "A Multipath TCP Based on Network Co..."
...[5] propose a protocol called CoMP that uses network coding for multi-path transmission that incorporates only some aspects of TCP. [6] and [7] add a multi-path scheduler below the TCP, network coding, and IP layers negating the congestion control benefits of TCP over single paths....
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Patent•
09 Nov 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for data communication between a first node and a second node includes forming one or more redundancy messages from data messages at the first node using an error correcting code and transmitting first messages to the second node over a data path.
Abstract: A method for data communication between a first node and a second node includes forming one or more redundancy messages from data messages at the first node using an error correcting code and transmitting first messages from the first node to the second node over a data path, the transmitted first messages including the data messages and the one or more redundancy messages. Second messages are received at the first node from the second node, which are indicative of: (i) a rate of arrival at the second node of the first messages, and (ii) successful and unsuccessful delivery of the first messages. A transmission rate limit and a window size are maintained according to the received second messages. Transmission of additional messages from the first node to the second node is limited according to the maintained transmission rate limit and window size.
25 citations
TL;DR: This paper introduces network coding and its variety of applications in enhancing current traditional networks and presents two key protocol types, namely, state-aware and stateless protocols, specifying the benefits and disadvantages of each one of them.
22 citations
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In the era of digital transfer, computing within the network is the key enabler for new services offering increased security, lower latency, increased resilience, and many additional features the authors describe in this chapter.
Abstract: In this chapter, we describe the transformation of current communication networks to future communication systems. Communication networks are always prone to transformation due to requests for new services by their users. Initially, communication networks addressed voice services. Later, data services were added. The digital transfer requires a more disruptive transformation, supporting machine-to-machine and later human-to-machine type communications. State-of-the-art communication systems are solely conveying information in an agnostic fashion between two places, where a very limited number of applications is hosted. Communication links are often addressed as dumb pipes. Future communication networks are becoming intelligent as information is increasingly processed within the communication network, rather than solely in the end points, for a massive number of heterogeneous applications. Once computing is introduced into networks, the role of the network operator will change dramatically. In the era of digital transfer, computing within the network is the key enabler for new services offering increased security, lower latency, increased resilience, and many additional features we describe in this chapter.
6 citations
01 Jul 2020
TL;DR: This paper proposes network coded torrents (NECTOR) to leverage multiple network interfaces for resilient hybrid satellite communications (SatCom) and terrestrial networking for UAVs, and presents the design and implementation of NECTOR, and evaluates its performance compared to MPTCP.
Abstract: Today, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are widely used in many different scenarios including search, monitoring, inspection, and surveillance. To be able to transmit the sensor data from the UAVs to the destination reliably within tangible response times to the relevant content is crucial, especially for tactical use cases. In this paper, we propose network coded torrents (NECTOR) to leverage multiple network interfaces for resilient hybrid satellite communications (SatCom) and terrestrial networking for UAVs. NECTOR is significantly different from the state-of-the-art multipath protocols such as multipath TCP (MPTCP) as it does not require any additional packet scheduler, rate-adaptation or forward error correction. We present the design and implementation of NECTOR, and evaluate its performance compared to MPTCP. Our experimental results show that NECTOR provides goodput (up to 70%) higher than MPTCP with 5.49 times less signaling overhead.
6 citations
References
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TL;DR: This work reveals that it is in general not optimal to regard the information to be multicast as a "fluid" which can simply be routed or replicated, and by employing coding at the nodes, which the work refers to as network coding, bandwidth can in general be saved.
Abstract: We introduce a new class of problems called network information flow which is inspired by computer network applications. Consider a point-to-point communication network on which a number of information sources are to be multicast to certain sets of destinations. We assume that the information sources are mutually independent. The problem is to characterize the admissible coding rate region. This model subsumes all previously studied models along the same line. We study the problem with one information source, and we have obtained a simple characterization of the admissible coding rate region. Our result can be regarded as the max-flow min-cut theorem for network information flow. Contrary to one's intuition, our work reveals that it is in general not optimal to regard the information to be multicast as a "fluid" which can simply be routed or replicated. Rather, by employing coding at the nodes, which we refer to as network coding, bandwidth can in general be saved. This finding may have significant impact on future design of switching systems.
8,533 citations
TL;DR: A detailed investigation of current state-of-the-art protocols and algorithms for WMNs is presented and open research issues in all protocol layers are discussed to spark new research interests in this field.
Abstract: Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged as a key technology for next-generation wireless networking. Because of their advantages over other wireless networks, WMNs are undergoing rapid progress and inspiring numerous applications. However, many technical issues still exist in this field. In order to provide a better understanding of the research challenges of WMNs, this article presents a detailed investigation of current state-of-the-art protocols and algorithms for WMNs. Open research issues in all protocol layers are also discussed, with an objective to spark new research interests in this field.
1,785 citations
15 Sep 2003
TL;DR: A novel randomized network coding approach for robust, distributed transmission and compression of information in networks is presented, and its advantages over routing-based approaches are demonstrated.
Abstract: A novel randomized network coding approach for robust, distributed transmission and compression of information in networks is presented, and its advantages over routing-based approaches is demonstrated.
1,171 citations
11 Aug 2006
TL;DR: The results show that COPE largely increases network throughput, and the gains vary from a few percent to several folds depending on the traffic pattern, congestion level, and transport protocol.
Abstract: This paper proposes COPE, a new architecture for wireless mesh networks. In addition to forwarding packets, routers mix (i.e., code) packets from different sources to increase the information content of each transmission. We show that intelligently mixing packets increases network throughput. Our design is rooted in the theory of network coding. Prior work on network coding is mainly theoretical and focuses on multicast traffic. This paper aims to bridge theory with practice; it addresses the common case of unicast traffic, dynamic and potentially bursty flows, and practical issues facing the integration of network coding in the current network stack. We evaluate our design on a 20-node wireless network, and discuss the results of the first testbed deployment of wireless network coding. The results show that COPE largely increases network throughput. The gains vary from a few percent to several folds depending on the traffic pattern, congestion level, and transport protocol.
890 citations
17 Aug 2008
TL;DR: A system that improves the throughput of wireless mesh networks by using physical layer hints to make their best guess about which bits in a corrupted packet are likely to be correct and forward them to the destination, and incorporates an end-to-end error correction component that the destination uses to correct any errors that might seep through.
Abstract: This paper describes MIXIT, a system that improves the throughput of wireless mesh networks. MIXIT exploits a basic property of mesh networks: even when no node receives a packet correctly, any given bit is likely to be received by some node correctly. Instead of insisting on forwarding only correct packets, MIXIT routers use physical layer hints to make their best guess about which bits in a corrupted packet are likely to be correct and forward them to the destination. Even though this approach inevitably lets erroneous bits through, we find that it can achieve high throughput without compromising end-to-end reliability.The core component of MIXIT is a novel network code that operates on small groups of bits, called symbols. It allows the nodes to opportunistically route groups of bits to their destination with low overhead. MIXIT's network code also incorporates an end-to-end error correction component that the destination uses to correct any errors that might seep through. We have implemented MIXIT on a software radio platform running the Zigbee radio protocol. Our experiments on a 25-node indoor testbed show that MIXIT has a throughput gain of 2.8x over MORE, a state-of-the-art opportunistic routing scheme, and about 3.9x over traditional routing using the ETX metric.
318 citations