Journal Article•
A New Horn Antenna with Suppressed Sidelobes and Equal Beam Widths
About: This article is published in Microwave Journal.The article was published on 1961-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 144 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Horn antenna & Beam (structure).
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01 Nov 1992
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of integrated circuit antennas suitable for millimeter and terahertz applications is presented in this paper, where several antennas, such as the integrated horn antenna, the dielectric-filled parabola, the Fresnel plate antenna, dual-slot antenna, and the log-periodic and spiral antennas on extended hemispherical lenses, which have resulted in excellent performance at millimeter-wave frequencies, are covered in detail.
Abstract: A comprehensive review of integrated circuit antennas suitable for millimeter and terahertz applications is presented. A great deal of research was done on integrated circuit antennas in the last decade, and many of the problems associated with electrically thick dielectric substrates, such as substrate modes and poor radiation patterns, have been understood and solved. Several antennas, such as the integrated horn antenna, the dielectric-filled parabola, the Fresnel plate antenna, the dual-slot antenna, and the log-periodic and spiral antennas on extended hemispherical lenses, which have resulted in excellent performance at millimeter-wave frequencies, are covered in detail. A review of the efficiency definitions used with planar antennas is included. >
422 citations
01 Nov 1992
TL;DR: The basic theory of quasi-optical Gaussian beam propagation and beam transformation by simple optical elements is summarized, and coupling to and between Gaussian beams is briefly discussed Guidelines for Gaussian optics system design are reviewed, the most important being beam truncation and matching Passive components in the terahertz frequency range based on quasioptical propagation, including polarization processors, filters, diplexers, and ferrite devices, are examined as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The basic theory of quasi-optical Gaussian beam propagation and beam transformation by simple optical elements is summarized, and coupling to and between Gaussian beams is briefly discussed Guidelines for Gaussian optics system design are reviewed, the most important being beam truncation and matching Passive components in the terahertz frequency range based on quasi-optical propagation, including polarization processors, filters, diplexers, and ferrite devices, are examined Some active quasi-optical devices, including multielement oscillators, frequency multipliers, and phase shifters, are described Some specific applications of quasi-optical systems are briefly described >
312 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a 230 GHz focal-plane array consisting of 37 smooth-walled multiple flare-angle horn arrays was constructed by direct drilling, and the measured beam patterns for a large sample of these horns across the array, demonstrating the suitability of their manufacturing techniques for large format arrays.
Abstract: In previous work, we have described novel smooth-walled multiple flare-angle horns designed using a genetic algorithm. A key feature of these horns is that they can be manufactured very rapidly and cheaply in large numbers, by repeated direct drilling into a single plate of aluminum using a shaped machine tool. The rapid manufacturing technique will enable the construction of very low cost focal-plane arrays, offering an alternative to conventional electroformed corrugated horn arrays. In order to experimentally demonstrate the new technology, we constructed a 230 GHz focal-plane array comprising 37 smooth- walled horns fabricated by direct drilling. We present the measured beam patterns for a large sample of these horns across the array, demonstrating the suitability of our manufacturing techniques for large format arrays. We have measured the cross coupling between adjacent feeds and have shown that it is negligible. We also present high quality beam patterns measured for a much smaller 700 GHz horn, showing the promise of the extending this technology to THz frequencies.
187 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the cross-polarity of offset reflector antennas was investigated for linearly and circularly polarized excitations with a dual mode feed illuminating an offset paraboloid.
Abstract: The cross polarized radiation for linearly polarized excitation and the beam displacement for circularly polarized excitation have been investigated for offset reflector antennas. Numerical calculations are given to illustrate the dependence upon the angle \theta_{0} between the feed axis and the reflector axis as well as upon the half-angle \theta_{c} subtended at the focus by the reflector. In the case \theta_{0} = \theta_{c} = 45\deg , measured results have been obtained for both linearly and circularly polarized excitations with a dual mode feed illuminating an offset paraboloid. The cross polarized radiation of horn reflector and open Cassegrainian antennas rises sharply to rather high values off the beam axis; however, in general, the maximum cross polarized radiation of offset reflector antennas can be made small by using a small angle between the feed and reflector axes. The cross polarization caused by offset is compared with that caused by an unbalanced feed pattern. The effect of the longitudinal current distribution and of departure of the surface from a paraboloid on cross polarization are also examined. The clarification of these cross polarization properties is found to be valuable in the design of reflector antennas.
167 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a useful tutorial for graduate students or practicing engineers considering the upper millimeter-wave or THz regions for system research or development, starting with fundamental principles of electromagnetics, quantum mechanics, and signal processing, and building up to tradc-off formulations using system-level metrics such as noise-equivalent power and receiver operating characteristics.
Abstract: Having long been the realm of molecular chemistry, astronomy, and plasma diagnostics, the upper millimeter-wave band (~100 to 300 GHz) and the THz region above it have recently become the subject of heightened activity in the engineering community because of exciting new technology (e.g., sub-picosecond optoelectronics) and promising new "terrestrial" applications (e.g., counter-terrorism and medical imaging). The most challenging of these applications are arguably those that demand remote sensing at a stand-off of roughly 10 m or more between the target and the sensor system. As in any other spectral region, remote sensing in the THz region brings up the complex issues of sensor modality and architecture, free-space electromagnetic effects and components, transmit and receive electronics, signal processing, and atmospheric propagation. Unlike other spectral regions, there is not much literature that addresses these issues from a conceptual or system-engineering viewpoint. So a key theme of this chapter is to review or derive the essential engineering concepts in a comprehensive fashion, starting with fundamental principles of electromagnetics, quantum mechanics, and signal processing, and building up to tradc-off formulations using system-level metrics such as noise-equivalent power and receiver operating characteristics. A secondary theme is to elucidate aspects of the THz region and its incumbent technology that are unique, whether advantageous or disadvantageous, relative to other spectral regions. The end goal is to provide a useful tutorial for graduate students or practicing engineers considering the upper mm-wave or THz regions for system research or development.
125 citations