A new single-phase active power filter with reduced energy-storage capacity
01 Jan 1996-Vol. 143, Iss: 1, pp 25-30
TL;DR: In this article, an active power filter (APF) is proposed to control the voltage of an energy-storage capacitor, which employs a new control method, using an integration and sampling technique, to simplify the calculation algorithm for load current.
Abstract: The paper presents an active power filter (APF) circuit which employs a new control method, using an integration and sampling technique, to simplify the calculation algorithm for the real fundamental component of load current. In addition, a new simple control scheme, based on the energy balance concept, is proposed to control the voltage of an energy-storage capacitor. Since the energy change in the energy-storage capacitor can be compensated in the next cycle, and a larger DC bus voltage ripple can be tolerated if a sampling technique is used, a relatively smaller energy storage capacitor is required. The advantages of this APF circuit are simplicity of control circuits, low cost (a smaller energy-storage capacitor) and good transient response. In theory, the time delay for the compensation of reactive power and harmonic currents is zero. The feasibility of this theory is veriffied by using a PSPICE simulation and experimental results.
Citations
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TL;DR: This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications.
Abstract: Active filtering of electric power has now become a mature technology for harmonic and reactive power compensation in two-wire (single phase), three-wire (three phase without neutral), and four-wire (three phase with neutral) AC power networks with nonlinear loads. This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter (AF) configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications. It is aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of AF technology to researchers and application engineers dealing with power quality issues. A list of more than 200 research publications on the subject is also appended for a quick reference.
2,311 citations
Cites background from "A new single-phase active power fil..."
...[26]–[55] are used in all three modes as active series [27],...
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...the second to fourth categories are on two-wire (single phase) [26]–[55], three-wire (three phase without neutral) [56]–[155], and four-wire (three phase with neutral) [156]–[166] AF’s....
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...accordingly as two-wire [26]–[55], three-wire [56]–[155], and...
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...AF’s are investigated [26]–[55] in varying configurations and...
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...[48], active shunt [26]–[38], [40]–[47], [49]–[55], and a...
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01 Sep 2000
TL;DR: There has been considerable interest in the development and applications of active filters because of the increasing concern over power quality, at both distribution and consumer levels, and the need to control reactive power and voltage stability at transmission levels as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: There has been considerable interest in the development and applications of active filters because of the increasing concern over power quality, at both distribution and consumer levels, and the need to control reactive power and voltage stability at transmission levels. The existing approaches are classified and assessed to provide a framework of references for both researchers in this field and for generators, suppliers and consumers of electrical power who are, or may be, concerned about the problems associated with power quality and are considering installing active filters for their particular sets of problems.
668 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a thorough study for different power decoupling techniques in single-phase microinverters for grid-tie PV applications is presented, compared and scrutinized in scope of the size of decoupled capacitor, efficiency, and control complexity.
Abstract: The reliability of the microinverter is a very important feature that will determine the reliability of the ac-module photovoltaic (PV) system. Recently, many topologies and techniques have been proposed to improve its reliability. This paper presents a thorough study for different power decoupling techniques in single-phase microinverters for grid-tie PV applications. These power decoupling techniques are categorized into three groups in terms of the decoupling capacitor locations: 1) PV-side decoupling; 2) dc-link decoupling; and 3) ac-side decoupling. Various techniques and topologies are presented, compared, and scrutinized in scope of the size of decoupling capacitor, efficiency, and control complexity. Also, a systematic performance comparison is presented for potential power decoupling topologies and techniques.
458 citations
Cites background from "A new single-phase active power fil..."
...The authors in [34]–[36] follow the same concept to allow the voltage ripple as large as...
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16 Dec 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, a flick-free electrolytic capacitor-less single-phase ac-dc driver for LED lighting is proposed, which consists of an electrolytic capacitive-less PFC converter and a bidirectional converter, which serves to absorb the ac component of the pulsating current of the PFC converters.
Abstract: The electrolytic capacitor is the key component that limits the operating lifetime of LED drivers. If an ac-dc LED driver with power factor correction (PFC) control is allowed to output a pulsating current for driving the LEDs, the electrolytic capacitor will no longer be required. However, this pulsating current will introduce light flicker that varies at twice the power line frequency. In this paper, a configuration of flicker-free electrolytic capacitor-less single-phase ac-dc driver for LED lighting is proposed. The configuration comprises an electrolytic capacitor-less PFC converter and a bidirectional converter, which serves to absorb the ac component of the pulsating current of the PFC converter, leaving only a dc component to drive the LEDs. The output filter capacitor of the bidirectional converter is intentionally designed to have a large voltage ripple, thus its capacitance can be greatly reduced. Consequently, film capacitors can be used instead of electrolytic capacitors, leading to the realization of a flicker-free ac-dc LED driver that has a long lifetime. The proposed solution is generally applicable to all single-phase PFC converters. A prototype with 48-V, 0.7-A output is constructed and tested. Experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the flick-free electrolytic capacitor-less ac-dc LED driver.
366 citations
Cites background from "A new single-phase active power fil..."
...terminals, allowing larger capacitor voltage ripple and thus lower required capacitance [17]−[20]....
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04 Mar 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the available control techniques are described and contrasted in a structured way to identify their performance strengths and the key difference between control methods is the way in which current distortion is treated in the presence of distorted grid voltage.
Abstract: There have been many variants of the active power filter proposed and these variations cover both the circuit topology and the control system employed. Some of the control variants reflect different control objectives but there are still many variants within similar objectives. The available control techniques are described and contrasted in a structured way to identify their performance strengths. Objectives are classified by the supply current components to be corrected and by the response required to distorted grid voltage. The various signal transformations are described in terms of their impact on the distortion identification problem. Time-domain, frequency-domain, instantaneous power and impedance synthesis methods are examined. Additional control functions such as DC-bus voltage and current reference following are also discussed. It is found that a key difference between control methods is the way in which current distortion is treated in the presence of distorted grid voltage.
213 citations
References
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Book•
26 Jul 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a simulation of power switch-mode converters for zero-voltage and/or zero-current switchings in power electronic converters and systems.
Abstract: Partial table of contents: Overview of Power Semiconductor Switches Computer Simulation of Power Electronic Converters and Systems GENERIC POWER ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS dc--dc Switch-Mode Converters Resonant Converters: Zero-Voltage and/or Zero-Current Switchings POWER SUPPLY APPLICATIONS Power Conditioners and Uninterruptible Power Supplies MOTOR DRIVE APPLICATIONS dc Motor Drives Induction Motor Drives Synchronous Motor Drives OTHER APPLICATIONS Residential and Industrial Applications Optimizing the Utility Interface with Power Electronic Systems SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES Basic Semiconductor Physics Power Diodes Power MOSFETs Thyristors Emerging Devices and Circuits PRACTICAL CONVERTER DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Snubber Circuits Gate and Base Drive Circuits Design of Magnetic Components Index
5,911 citations
01 Apr 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with dynamic VAR compensation of electric power systems, applying power electronics for reactive power generation and control, and show how the dynamic compensation increased transmittable power by providing voltage support, transient stability improvement, and power oscillation damping in electric power transmission systems.
Abstract: The author deals with dynamic VAR compensation of electric power systems, applying power electronics for reactive power generation and control. After an overview of the emergence and status of modern, solid-state VAR compensators in utility and industrial applications, it is shown how dynamic VAR compensation increased transmittable power by providing voltage support, transient stability improvement, and power oscillation damping in electric power transmission systems. Methods of reactive power generation and control using thyristor-controlled reactors, with fixed and thyristor-switched capacitors or modern gate-turn-off (GTO) power converters that can function without AC capacitors or reactors, are described. A summary is included of the control structure and operation to provide the desired characteristics and performance in power systems applications. >
323 citations
11 Apr 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, a static VAr compensator (SVC) using an active filter has been developed that compensates reactive power, harmonic current, negative phase current, and voltage fluctuations.
Abstract: A static VAr compensator (SVC) using an active filter has been developed that compensates reactive power, harmonic current, negative-phase current, and voltage fluctuations. The system configuration is described, and five types of control scheme for the filter, which are based on practical applications for various loads, and the performance characteristics for each type of control are analyzed. The active filter is shown by simulation to be more effective for suppressing arc-furnace flicker than the TCR (thyristor-controlled-reactor) SVC. >
133 citations
20 Jun 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a new current control strategy for active power filters using multiple PWM voltage-source inverters is presented and analyzed, where reactive power is compensated without sensing and computing the reactive component of the load current, thus simplifying the control circuit.
Abstract: A new current control strategy for active power filters using multiple PWM voltage-source inverters is presented and analyzed. The proposed current control strategy operates each PWM voltage-source inverter with a different switching frequency generating specific current harmonic components of the load. Reactive power is compensated without sensing and computing the reactive component of the load current, thus simplifying the control circuit. Current harmonics are compensated in the time domain. The active power filter presented is implemented with three PWM voltage-source inverters connected to a self-controlled DC bus. The authors discuss the proposed scheme in terms of principles of operation, power and control system design, and the analysis under steady-state and transient operation conditions. Simulated results obtained for steady-state and transient operating conditions are presented and validated on a 20-kVA experimental unit. >
38 citations