A Novel Bidirectional DC/DC Converter with Wide Voltage Gain Range for Energy Storage Device
01 Nov 2018-
TL;DR: In this article, a novel bidirectional DC/DC converter as interface between energy storage device and DC bus is proposed, which is also composed of two conventional two-level converters, but the two two level converters in this converter are connected in parallel on the input side rather than in series.
Abstract: A novel bidirectional DC/DC converter as interface between energy storage device and DC bus is proposed in this paper. Compared with bidirectional traditional cascaded DC/DC converter, this new converter is also composed of two conventional two-level DC/DC converters. However, the two two-level converters in this converter are connected in parallel on the input side rather than in series. In addition, the voltage gain of the proposed converter is higher than bidirectional traditional cascaded DC/DC converter, because this new converter establishes the higher charging voltage of inductor in the step-up mode, which makes the inductor store more energy and transfer more energy to the high voltage side. Besides, the high voltage sides of the two converters are connected in series to constitute the whole high voltage side of converter, which further enhances the voltage gain and reduces the voltage stress on the power switches and capacitors. The operating principle and the steady-state analysis are presented detailedly in this paper. Finally, a 400W experimental prototype of the proposed converter is developed to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. The maximum efficiency of the converter is 95.23% in step down mode and 94.54% in step up mode.
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Patent•
16 Aug 2019
TL;DR: In this article, a high-voltage gain bidirectional DC/DC converter for an energy storage device was proposed, which can safely and efficiently transmit electric energy in the energy storage devices and energy in a direct current microgrid.
Abstract: The invention relates to a high-voltage gain bidirectional DC/DC converter for an energy storage device. The high-voltage gain bidirectional DC/DC converter is formed by a traditional boost converterand a traditional buck/boost converter, wherein the traditional boost converter is formed by an inductor L1, power switches Q3 and Q4 and a capacitor CH, and the traditional buck/boost converter is formed by an inductor L2, power switches Q1 and Q2 and a capacitor C1. The low-voltage sides of the boost converter and the buck/boost converter are connected in parallel, then the high-voltage side capacitor C1 of the buck/boost converter is connected with the power switch Q3 in series and then is connected with the high-voltage side of the boost converter in parallel, the capacitor C1 is employedto store or release the energy in the inductor, and the boost converter and the buck/boost converter form a high-voltage gain bidirectional DC/DC converter which can be used for an energy storage device. The high-voltage gain bidirectional DC/DC converter can safely and efficiently transmit electric energy in the energy storage device and energy in the direct current microgrid and can be suitablefor energy storage devices with different voltage grades.
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment, and represent the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable resources.
Abstract: Electric energy security is essential, yet the high cost and limited sources of fossil fuels, in addition to the need to reduce greenhouse gasses emission, have made renewable resources attractive in world energy-based economies. The potential for renewable energy resources is enormous because they can, in principle, exponentially exceed the world׳s energy demand; therefore, these types of resources will have a significant share in the future global energy portfolio, much of which is now concentrating on advancing their pool of renewable energy resources. Accordingly, this paper presents how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment. Additionally, the paper represents the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable energy resources.
1,990 citations
"A Novel Bidirectional DC/DC Convert..." refers background in this paper
...INTRODUCTION With the increasing depletion of fossil energy and destruction of the environment, renewable energy has been paid great attention due to the advantages of its sustainable utilization and cleanliness, which is considered as an effective way to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution [1]-[3]....
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TL;DR: An overview of the challenges of integrating solar power to the electricity distribution system, a technical overview of battery energystorage systems, and a variety of modes of operation for battery energy storage systems in grid-tied solar applications are presented.
Abstract: As solar photovoltaic power generation becomes more commonplace, the inherent intermittency of the solar resource poses one of the great challenges to those who would design and implement the next generation smart grid. Specifically, grid-tied solar power generation is a distributed resource whose output can change extremely rapidly, resulting in many issues for the distribution system operator with a large quantity of installed photovoltaic devices. Battery energy storage systems are increasingly being used to help integrate solar power into the grid. These systems are capable of absorbing and delivering both real and reactive power with sub-second response times. With these capabilities, battery energy storage systems can mitigate such issues with solar power generation as ramp rate, frequency, and voltage issues. Beyond these applications focusing on system stability, energy storage control systems can also be integrated with energy markets to make the solar resource more economical. Providing a high-level introduction to this application area, this paper presents an overview of the challenges of integrating solar power to the electricity distribution system, a technical overview of battery energy storage systems, and illustrates a variety of modes of operation for battery energy storage systems in grid-tied solar applications. The real-time control modes discussed include ramp rate control, frequency droop response, power factor correction, solar time-shifting, and output leveling.
712 citations
"A Novel Bidirectional DC/DC Convert..." refers background in this paper
...To be specific, In the case of the power imbalance between the renewable energy generation system and the power load in a DC microgrid (MG), the energy storage balances the whole system power by charging and discharging, and restrains the voltage fluctuation and flicker at the same time [4]-[5]....
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18 Mar 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a charge station architecture for municipal parking decks has been proposed, which has a DC microgrid to interface with multiple DC-DC chargers, distributed renewable power generations and energy storage, and provides functionalities of normal and rapid charging, grid support such as reactive and real power injection, current harmonic filtering and load balance.
Abstract: There is a growing interest on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV's) due to energy security and green house gas emission issues, as well as the low electricity fuel cost. As battery capacity and all-electric range of PHEV's are improved, and potentially some PHEV's or EV's need fast charging, there is increased demand to build high power off-board charging infrastructures. A charge station architecture for municipal parking decks has been proposed, which has a DC microgrid to interface with multiple DC-DC chargers, distributed renewable power generations and energy storage, and provides functionalities of normal and rapid charging, grid support such as reactive and real power injection (including V2G), current harmonic filtering and load balance. Several non-isolated bidirectional DC-DC converters suited for charge station applications have been reviewed and compared, as the major focus of this paper. Half bridge converter is a good candidate but it is difficult to maintain high efficiency in wide battery pack voltage range. A variable frequency pulse width modulation (VFPWM) scheme is proposed to mitigate this issue. Finally three-level bi-directional DC-DC converter is suggested to be employed in this application. A 10kW prototype verifies that 95.1–97.9% full load efficiency can be achieved in charging mode with 180–360V battery pack voltage. In addition, the inductor size is only one third of the half bridge counterpart, which is a great advantage for high power converters.
288 citations
TL;DR: H hierarchical control of HESS, composed of both centralized and distributed control, is proposed to enhance system reliability and a laboratory-scale dc microgrid is developed to verify the proposed hierarchical control.
Abstract: Hybridization of energy storages (ESs) with different characteristics takes advantages of all ESs. Centralized control with high-/low-pass filter (LPF) for system net power decomposition and ESs' power dispatch is usually implemented in hybrid ES system (HESS). In this paper, hierarchical control of HESS, composed of both centralized and distributed control, is proposed to enhance system reliability. The conventional HESS centralized control is refined with implementations of online iteration, secondary voltage regulation, and autonomous state-of-charge (SoC) recovery. ESs' power references are iteratively generated to maximize the utilization of ES ramp rates and power capacities. Secondary voltage regulation and autonomous SoC recovery are applied to minimize bus voltage deviation and limit slack terminal SoC variation, respectively. In case of communication failure, a novel algorithm for HESS distributed control is proposed to retain system operation. Bus voltage is regarded as the global indicator for system power balance, and droop relationships are imposed for ES control. System net power decomposition and ESs' power dispatch are realized with localized LPFs. SoC recovery in distributed control is implemented by tuning the threshold voltage of a slack terminal. A laboratory-scale dc microgrid is developed to verify the proposed hierarchical control of HESS.
233 citations
TL;DR: The voltage gain of the proposed converter is higher than the conventional cascaded bidirectional buck/boost converter (CCBC) in step-up mode and the efficiency more than CCBC while the total stress on active switches are same.
Abstract: In this paper, a nonisolated bidirectional dc–dc converter is presented. The proposed converter consists of two boost converters to enhance the voltage gain. Four power switches with their body diodes are employed in the proposed converter. Also, two inductors and a capacitor are used as passive components. The input current is divided to the inductors which causes the efficiency to be high. The voltage gain of the proposed converter is higher than the conventional cascaded bidirectional buck/boost converter (CCBC) in step-up mode. Besides, the voltage gain in step-down mode is lower than CCBC. Besides, the efficiency of the proposed converter more than CCBC while the total stress on active switches are same. The simple structure of the proposed converter causes its control to be easy. The steady-state analysis of the proposed converter is discussed in this paper thoroughly. The stress on converters’ devices and the efficiency of the proposed converter and CCBC are compared in this paper. Finally, the proposed converter prototype circuit is implemented to justify the validity of the analysis.
155 citations
"A Novel Bidirectional DC/DC Convert..." refers background in this paper
...In [14], Another new non-isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter can achieve 1/(1-d)2 voltage gain....
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