A novel electrochemical lung cancer biomarker cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 immunosensor based on Si3N4/MoS2 incorporated MWCNTs and core-shell type magnetic nanoparticles.
TL;DR: In this article, a novel electrochemical immunosensor based on a silicon nitride (Si3N4)-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite on multi-walled carbon nanotubes was presented for detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Abstract: Lung cancer is one of deadliest and most life threatening cancer types. Cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) is a significant biomarker for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to these reasons, a novel electrochemical immunosensor based on a silicon nitride (Si3N4)–molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Si3N4/MoS2–MWCNTs) as an electrochemical sensor platform and core–shell type magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles@gold nanoparticles (MMSNs@AuNPs) as a signal amplifier was presented for CYFRA21-1 detection in this study. Capture antibody (Ab1) immobilization on a Si3N4/MoS2–MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode (Si3N4/MoS2–MWCNTs/GCE) was firstly successfully performed by stable electrostatic/ionic interactions between the –NH2 groups of the capture antibody and the polar groups of Si3N4/MoS2. Then, specific antibody–antigen interactions between the electrochemical sensor platform and the signal amplifier formed a novel voltammetric CYFRA21-1 immunosensor. The prepared composite materials and electrochemical sensor surfaces were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A linearity range of 0.01–1.0 pg mL−1 and a low detection limit (LOD) of 2.00 fg mL−1 were also obtained for analytical applications. Thus, the proposed immunosensor based on Si3N4/MoS2–MWCNTs and MMSNs@AuNPs has great potential for medical diagnosis of lung cancer.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduced the latest developments of MoS2-nanocomposites in cancer diagnosis and therapy, mainly focusing on biosensors, bioimaging, chemotherapy, phototherapy, microwave hyperthermia, and combination therapy.
102 citations
22 Apr 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the authors focus on both lncRNAs and exosomal lRNAs in lung cancer, and their ability in regulating proliferation and metastasis, and discuss the role of these factors in therapy response of lung cancer cells.
Abstract: Among the different kinds of tumors threatening human life, lung cancer is one that is commonly observed in both males and females. The aggressive behavior of lung cancer and interactions occurring in tumor microenvironment enhances the malignancy of this tumor. The lung tumor cells have demonstrated capacity in developing chemo- and radio-resistance. LncRNAs are a category of non-coding RNAs that do not encode proteins, but their aberrant expression is responsible for tumor development, especially lung cancer. In the present review, we focus on both lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer, and their ability in regulating proliferation and metastasis. Cell cycle progression and molecular mechanisms related to lung cancer metastasis such as EMT and MMPs are regulated by lncRNAs. LncRNAs interact with miRNAs, STAT, Wnt, EZH2, PTEN and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to affect progression of lung cancer cells. LncRNAs demonstrate both tumor-suppressor and tumor-promoting functions in lung cancer. They can be considered as biomarkers in lung cancer and especially exosomal lncRNAs present in body fluids are potential tools for minimally invasive diagnosis. Furthermore, we discuss regulation of lncRNAs by anti-cancer drugs and genetic tools as well as the role of these factors in therapy response of lung cancer cells.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 1D-MoS2 nanorods/LiNb3O8 (1DMoS 2 NRs/LNO) as signal amplification and polyoxometalate-incorporated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@POM) as sensor platform were prepared and the electrochemical immunosensor application was conducted based on 1D MoS2 NRs2 NN/L NO and AuNPs @POM for CA 19-9 detection.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the recent advances and improvements in nanomaterials based electrochemical biosensors for the detection of the lung and colon cancer biomarkers are reviewed, and the detection devices are generally highly sensitive, simple preparation, and rapid response, they are increasingly used to detect cancer markers.
Abstract: Cancer is still one of the leading diseases and causes of death in the world. More than 200 types of cancers are currently known. Early diagnosis still is an important integral part of cancer treatment. The detection of cancer biomarkers plays an essential role in clinical diagnosis and early treatment for patients. Lung and colon cancers are the most common disease. Still, they are a major cause of cancer-related deaths globally due to their difficult diagnosis in early stages resulting in late treatment. Colon cancer tumors frequently metastasize to the lung. However, identifying biomarkers such as secretory proteins is an attractive way to monitor the lung and colon cancer progression in patients at earlier stages. Nowadays, many efforts have been invested in biomarker discovery that can provide a sensitive and low-cost sensor technology using nanomaterials for non-invasive disease detection. Numerous attractive biomarker candidates such as DNA, RNA, mRNA, aptamers, metabolomics biomolecules, enzymes, and proteins can be utilized for the early diagnosis of lung and colon cancer. As the detection devices are generally highly sensitive, simple preparation, and rapid response, electrochemical biosensors are increasingly used to detect cancer markers. Many electroanalytical methods are developed for the detection of lung and colon cancer biomarkers. So, in this paper, the recent advances and improvements (2011–2021) in nanomaterials based electrochemical biosensors for the detection of the lung and colon cancer biomarkers are reviewed.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the recent advances and improvements in nanomaterials based electrochemical biosensors for the detection of the lung and colon cancer biomarkers are reviewed, which can be used for early diagnosis of cancer.
Abstract: Cancer is still one of the leading diseases and causes of death in the world. More than 200 types of cancers are currently known. Early diagnosis still is an important integral part of cancer treatment. The detection of cancer biomarkers plays an essential role in clinical diagnosis and early treatment for patients. Lung and colon cancers are the most common disease. Still, they are a major cause of cancer-related deaths globally due to their difficult diagnosis in early stages resulting in late treatment. Colon cancer tumors frequently metastasize to the lung. However, identifying biomarkers such as secretory proteins is an attractive way to monitor the lung and colon cancer progression in patients at earlier stages. Nowadays, many efforts have been invested in biomarker discovery that can provide a sensitive and low-cost sensor technology using nanomaterials for non-invasive disease detection. Numerous attractive biomarker candidates such as DNA, RNA, mRNA, aptamers, metabolomics biomolecules, enzymes, and proteins can be utilized for the early diagnosis of lung and colon cancer. As the detection devices are generally highly sensitive, simple preparation, and rapid response, electrochemical biosensors are increasingly used to detect cancer markers. Many electroanalytical methods are developed for the detection of lung and colon cancer biomarkers. So, in this paper, the recent advances and improvements (2011–2021) in nanomaterials based electrochemical biosensors for the detection of the lung and colon cancer biomarkers are reviewed.
22 citations
References
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TL;DR: A gold nanoparticle (AuNPs)-based self-catalyzed and self-limiting system that exploits the glucose oxidase-like catalytic activity of AuNPs to provide a new method for controlled synthesis of novel nanomaterials, design of "smart" self- Limiting nanomedicine, as well as in-depth understanding of self-Limiting systems in nature.
Abstract: Size and shape of nanoparticles are generally controlled by external influence factors such as reaction temperature, time, precursor, and/or surfactant concentration. Lack of external influence may eventually lead to unregulated growth of nanoparticles and possibly loss of their nanoscale properties. Here we report a gold nanoparticle (AuNPs)-based self-catalyzed and self-limiting system that exploits the glucose oxidase-like catalytic activity of AuNPs. We find that the AuNP-catalyzed glucose oxidation in situ produces hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) that induces the AuNPs seeded growth in the presence of chloroauric add (HAuCl(4)). This crystal growth of AuNPs is internally regulated via two negative feedback factors, size-dependent activity decrease of AuNPs and product (gluconic acid)-induced surface passivation, leading to a rapidly self-limiting system. Interestingly, the size, shape, and catalytic activities of AuNPs are simultaneously controlled in this system. We expect that it provides a new method for controlled synthesis of novel nanomaterials, design of "smart" self-limiting nanomedicine, as well as in-depth understanding of self-limiting systems in nature.
438 citations
TL;DR: This articles reviews recent advances, exploiting nanoparticle labels, in the sandwich-type immunosensors and immunoassays for detection of multivalent antigens/analytes with more than one eptiope due to the use of two matched antibodies.
381 citations
TL;DR: This review focuses on recent important advances in label free assays of protein using a number of electrical methods, including those based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), amperometry/voltammetry, potentiometry, conductometry and field-effect methods.
Abstract: Electrical detection methodologies are likely to underpin the progressive drive towards miniaturised, sensitive and portable biomarker detection protocols. In being easily integrated within standard electronic microfabrication formats, and developing capability in microfluidics, the facile multiplexed detection of a range of proteins in a small analytical volume becomes entirely feasible with something costing just a few thousand pounds and benchtop or handheld in scale. In this review, we focus on recent important advances in label free assays of protein using a number of electrical methods, including those based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), amperometry/voltammetry, potentiometry, conductometry and field-effect methods. We introduce their mechanistic features and examples of application and sensitivity. The current state of the art, real world applications and challenges are outlined.
363 citations
TL;DR: This strategy provides a new horizon for the development of NIR-based PEC biosensors in the aspect of developing MOF-derived photoelectric materials, flexible design of 3D-printing device and effective signal amplification mode.
Abstract: This work reports a ZIF-8 (ZIF: Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework)-assisted NaYF4:Yb,Tm@ZnO upconverter for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation on a homemade 3D-printed device with DNA walker-based amplification strategy. The composite photosensitive material NaYF4:Yb,Tm@ZnO, as converter to transfer NIR import to photocurrent output, was driven from annealed NaYF4:Yb,Tm@ZIF-8. Yb3+ and Tm3+-codoped NaYF4 (NaYF4:Yb,Tm) converted NIR excitation into UV emission, matching with the absorption of ZnO for in situ excitation to generate the photocurrent. Upon target CEA introduction, the swing arm of DNA walker including the sequence of CEA aptamer carried out the sandwiched bioassembly with CEA capture aptamer on the G-rich anchorage DNA tracks-functionalized magnetic beads. Thereafter, DNA walker was triggered, and the swing arm DNA was captured by the G-rich anchorage DNA according to partly complementary pairing and Exonuclease III (Exo III) consumed anchorage DNA by a burnt-bridge mechanism to go into the next cycle. The released guanine (G) bases from DNA walker enhanced the photocurrent response on a miniature homemade 3D-printed device consisting of the detection cell, dark box, and light platform. Under optimal conditions, NaYF4:Yb,Tm@ZnO-based NIR light-driven PEC biosensor presented high sensitivity and selectivity for CEA sensing with a detection limit of 0.032 ng mL-1. Importantly, our strategy provides a new horizon for the development of NIR-based PEC biosensors in the aspect of developing MOF-derived photoelectric materials, flexible design of a 3D-printed device, and effective signal amplification mode.
357 citations
TL;DR: The electrode, CuO-rGR/1M3OIDTFB/CPE showed remarkable sensitivities towards the determination of the analytes, and well defined and clearly separated oxidation peaks were obtained during their simultaneous analysis in a buffer solution at pH 7.4.
315 citations