A novel power plane with super-wideband elimination of ground bounce noise on high speed circuits
TL;DR: In this article, a novel L-bridged electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) power/ground planes is proposed with super-wideband suppression of the ground bounce noise (GBN) from 600Mz to 4.6GHz.
Abstract: A novel L-bridged electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) power/ground planes is proposed with super-wideband suppression of the ground bounce noise (GBN) from 600Mz to 4.6GHz. The L-shaped bridge design on the EBG power plane not only broadens the stopband bandwidth, but also can increase the mutual coupling between the adjacent EBG cells by significantly decreasing the gap between the cells. It is found the small gap design can prevent from the severe degradation of the signal quality for the high-speed signal referring to the perforated EBG power plane. The excellent GBN suppression performance with keeping reasonably good signal integrity for the proposed structure is validated both experimentally and numerically. Good agreement is seen.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed possible solutions based on decoupling or isolation for suppressing power distribution network (PDN) noise on package or printed circuit board (PCB) levels.
Abstract: Mitigating power distribution network (PDN) noise is one of the main efforts for power integrity (PI) design in high-speed or mixed-signal circuits. Possible solutions, which are based on decoupling or isolation concept, for suppressing PDN noise on package or printed circuit board (PCB) levels are reviewed in this paper. Keeping the PDN impedance very low in a wide frequency range, except at dc, by employing a shunt capacitors, which can be in-chip, package, or PCB levels, is the first priority way for PI design. The decoupling techniques including the planes structure, surface-mounted technology decoupling capacitors, and embedded capacitors will be discussed. The isolation approach that keeps part of the PDN at high impedance is another way to reduce the PDN noise propagation. Besides the typical isolation approaches such as the etched slots and filter, the new isolation concept using electromagnetic bandgap structures will also be discussed.
200 citations
Cites background from "A novel power plane with super-wide..."
...circuits covering a wide frequency band [36]–[38], [40]–[43], [45], [48], [49]....
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...The inductance can be increased by using an L-shaped [43] or meander bridge that has a longer length of the bridge [51]....
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...9(a) and (b) shows two typical EBG structures of mushroom type and coplanar type, respectively [36]–[38], [40]–[43], [45], [48], [49]....
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TL;DR: A comprehensive review of printed circuit board (PCB) electromagnetic compatibility issues, analysis techniques, and possible solutions can fill a large book or more as mentioned in this paper, and a quick look at where the technology of PCB EMC control has been, where it is today, and where it needs to go for the future.
Abstract: A comprehensive review of printed circuit board (PCB) electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues, analysis techniques, and possible solutions would fill a large book or more. This review takes a quick look at where the technology of PCB EMC control has been, where it is today, and where it needs to go for the future. As data rates on PCBs have increased, new problems have arisen, requiring new analysis techniques and new solutions. Further development will be needed to keep up with the ever-increasing data rates and smaller form factors.
89 citations
Cites background from "A novel power plane with super-wide..."
...Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) [19], [20] structures have been investigated for control of Fig....
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TL;DR: In this article, a power/ground plane with planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures for suppressing simultaneous switching noise (SSN) is presented, which is based on using meander lines to increase the effective inductance of EBG patches.
Abstract: A novel design of power/ground plane with planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures for suppressing simultaneous switching noise (SSN) is presented. The novel design is based on using meander lines to increase the effective inductance of EBG patches. A super cell EBG structure, comprising two different topologies on the same board, is proposed to extend the lower edge of the band. Both novel designs proposed here are validated experimentally. A -28dB suppression bandwidth starting at 250MHz and extending to 12GHz and beyond is achieved
83 citations
Cites background from "A novel power plane with super-wide..."
...The underlying principle behind the two-layer EBG-embedded power plane structure is to filter out switching and other noise propagating within the power planes while providing a low-impedance path for dc current on each layer [5]....
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...The bridge connecting the neighboring unit cells, as in [4] and [5], is in effect an inductor....
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...Recently, new planar EBG structures were reported for switching noise mitigation, as in [4] and [5], and for isolation in mixed...
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TL;DR: In this paper, a planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure with novel meandered lines and super cell configuration is proposed for mitigating simultaneous switching noise propagation in high-speed printed circuit boards.
Abstract: Planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures with novel meandered lines and super cell configuration are proposed for mitigating simultaneous switching noise propagation in high-speed printed circuit boards. An ultrawide bandgap extending from 250 MHz to 12 GHz and beyond is demonstrated by both simulation and measurement, and a good agreement is observed. These perforated EBG-based power planes may cause spurious and unwanted radiation. In this paper, leakage radiation through these imperfect planes is carefully investigated. It is found that the leakage field from these planar EBG structures is highly concentrated around the feed point, and the field intensity is attenuated dramatically when passing across several periods of patches. A novel concept of using these EBG structures for electromagnetic interference reduction is also introduced. Finally, the impact of power plane with EBG-patterned structures on signal integrity is studied.
74 citations
Cites background from "A novel power plane with super-wide..."
...reduction at a wide frequency range, its effect on the propagating signal needs to be analyzed, especially in the light of recent studies [14], [26], [27]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a simple synthesis procedure to design planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures is proposed based on the consideration of the excess of inductance of a patterned plane with respect to a solid one.
Abstract: In this paper, a simple synthesis procedure to design planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures is proposed. It is based on the consideration of the excess of inductance of a patterned plane with respect to a solid one. The planar EBG structure is sized from the bandgap starting and ending frequencies, and few others specifications employing a closed form formulation. The proposed method is also suitable for the design of embedded planar EBG. The procedure is validated by using measured and numerically computed results.
66 citations
Cites background from "A novel power plane with super-wide..."
...impact of different shapes and/or positions of the patches and bridges [8]–[10]....
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References
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TL;DR: In this article, the photonic bandgap (PBG) structure for microwave integrated circuits is presented, which is a two-dimensional square lattice with each element consisting of a metal pad and four connecting branches.
Abstract: This paper presents a novel photonic bandgap (PBG) structure for microwave integrated circuits. This new PBG structure is a two-dimensional square lattice with each element consisting of a metal pad and four connecting branches. Experimental results of a microstrip on a substrate with the PEG ground plane displays a broad stopband, as predicted by finite-difference time-domain simulations. Due to the slow-wave effect generated by this unique structure, the period of the PBG lattice is only 0.1/spl lambda//sub 0/ at the cutoff frequency, resulting in the most compact PEG lattice ever achieved. In the passband, the measured slow-wave factor (/spl beta//k/sub 0/) is 1.2-2.4 times higher and insertion loss is at the same level compared to a conventional 50-/spl Omega/ line. This uniplanar compact PBG (UC-PBG) structure can be built using standard planar fabrication techniques without any modification. Several application examples have also been demonstrated, including a nonleaky conductor-backed coplanar waveguide and a compact spurious-free bandpass filter. This UC-PBG structure should find wide applications for high-performance and compact circuit components in microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits.
831 citations
"A novel power plane with super-wide..." refers background in this paper
...Compared with the traditional coplanar EBG structure with straight bridges [7], [8], the L-shaped bridge significantly increase the effective inductance between adjacent cells and thus increase the stop-band bandwidth....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a novel approach for the suppression of the parallel-plate waveguide (PPW) noise in high-speed printed circuit boards is presented, where one of the two conductors forming the PPW is replaced by an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) surface.
Abstract: A novel approach for the suppression of the parallel-plate waveguide (PPW) noise in high-speed printed circuit boards is presented. In this approach, one of the two conductors forming the PPW is replaced by an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) surface. The main advantage of the proposed approach over the commonly practiced methods is the omnidirectional noise suppression it provides. For this purpose, two EBG structures are initially designed by utilizing an approximate circuit model. Subsequently, the corresponding band structures are characterized by analytical solutions using the transverse resonance method, as well as full-wave finite-element simulations. The designed EBG surfaces were fabricated and employed in a number of PPW test boards. The corresponding frequency-domain measurements exhibited bandgaps of approximately 2.21 and 3.35 GHz in the frequency range below 6 GHz. More importantly, suppression of the PPW noise by 53% was achieved based on time-domain reflectometry experiments, while maintaining the signal transmission quality within the required specifications for common signaling standards.
361 citations
"A novel power plane with super-wide..." refers background in this paper
...Because the dispersion property of the FR4 substrate is not considered in the modeling, slight difference between them is seen at higher frequencies above 4 GHz....
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...A novel L-bridged EBG power plane is proposed in this paper with super-wideband suppression of the GBN from 600 Mz to 4.6 GHz....
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...Excellent agreement between the measurement and simulation from dc to 6 GHz is seen....
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...Because the GBN is dominantly distributed at the low frequency range below 6 GHz [4], several researches focus on the EBG power plane design to either lower the stop-band center frequency or broaden the stopband bandwidth for more efficiently suppressing the low frequency GBN....
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...Furthermore, to our best knowledge, the stop-bands in the previous designs are all distributed above 1 GHz and would not cover the hundred MHz ranges, where the GBN energy is dominant....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a strategy to characterize power and groundplane structures using a full cavity-mode frequency-domain resonator model, and introduce a novel technique to suppress modal impedances, minimizing both transfer and input impedances.
Abstract: In this paper, we describe a strategy to characterize power and ground-plane structures using a full cavity-mode frequency-domain resonator model. We develop insights into modal analysis and introduce a novel technique to suppress modal impedances, minimizing both transfer and input impedances. The influence of port locations on the Z matrix is evaluated.
305 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel technique for suppressing power plane resonance at microwave and radio frequencies is presented, which consists of replacing one of the plates of a parallel power plane pair with a high impedance surface or electromagnetic band gap structure.
Abstract: A novel technique for suppressing power plane resonance at microwave and radio frequencies is presented. The new concept consists of replacing one of the plates of a parallel power plane pair with a high impedance surface or electromagnetic band gap structure. The combination of this technique with a wall of RC pairs extends the lower edge of the effective bandwidth to dc, and allows resonant mode suppression up to the upper edge of the band-gap. The frequency range for noise mitigation is controlled by the geometry of the HIGP structure.
249 citations
"A novel power plane with super-wide..." refers background in this paper
...844216 inductance-enhanced high impedance surface (HIS) and the concept of cascading EBG structures with different stop-bands were proposed to achieve wider bandgap bandwidth [5], [6], there are some drawbacks....
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TL;DR: In this article, the effect of power plane resonances on the ground bounce of the system by performing finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations is investigated. And two methods to prevent this ground bounce effect are investigated.
Abstract: We describe Delta-I noise caused by power plane resonances in multilayer boards. First, we study the effect of power plane resonances on the ground bounce of the system by performing finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. We simulate the voltage fluctuations at one point of the printed circuit board (PCB) due to a current surge between the power planes in a different point. Next, two methods to prevent this ground bounce effect are investigated. The first method consists of adding lumped capacitances to the design. The effect of one large capacitor is compared to the effect of adding a "wall" of smaller capacitors. A second approach is to isolate the chips by etching a slot around the sensitive integrated circuits (ICs) and connecting both sides by a small inductor. Both methods provide excellent protection against power plane resonances.
175 citations
"A novel power plane with super-wide..." refers background in this paper
...The resonance modes between the power and ground planes excited by the GBN causes significant signal integrity (SI) problems and electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues for the high-speed circuits [1]–[3]....
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