A novel spectrum reuse scheme for interference mitigation in a dense overlay D2D network
03 Dec 2015-pp 1201-1205
TL;DR: An efficient channel assignment scheme that mitigates the interference among D2D users is proposed and is found to improve the spectrum reuse as well as the energy efficiency of the system.
Abstract: Device-to-Device (D2D) communication as an underlaying cellular network empowers direct communication between two users and helps in offloading network traffic. However, due to interference posed by the D2D transmitters to the primary cellular users, intelligent resource allocation techniques need to be incorporated for the betterment of the overall system. Overlay D2D communication eliminates the interference between cellular users and D2D users by dedicating resources for D2D users. With this approach, interference among D2D users can still pose a potential threat to the overall system performance. To handle this additional interference without significantly affecting the spectrum efficiency, smart assignment of wireless resources is necessary among D2D users. For the first time, we look into this problem and propose an efficient channel assignment scheme that mitigates the interference among D2D users. By meticulously assigning the channels with proper power control, the proposed channel assignment scheme is found to improve the spectrum reuse as well as the energy efficiency of the system. We compare our scheme with Full Reuse (FR) channel assignment scheme where every D2D pair fully shares the channel resources. Extensive simulations demonstrates that our scheme performs better than FR in terms of spectrum reuse, energy efficiency and overall system blocking.
Citations
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TL;DR: This paper provides a survey-style introduction to resource allocation approaches in UDNs and provides a taxonomy to classify the resource allocation methods in the existing literatures.
Abstract: Driven by the explosive data traffic and new quality of service requirement of mobile users, the communication industry has been experiencing a new evolution by means of network infrastructure densification. With the increase of the density as well as the variety of access points (APs), the network benefits from proximal transmissions and increased spatial reuse of system resources, thus introducing a new paradigm named ultra-dense networks (UDNs). Since the limited available resources are shared by ubiquitous APs in UDNs, the demand for efficient resource allocation schemes becomes even more compelling. However, the large scale of UDNs impedes the exploration of effective resource allocation approaches particularly on the computational complexity and significance overhead or feedback. In this paper, we provide a survey-style introduction to resource allocation approaches in UDNs. Specifically, we first present some common scenarios of UDNs with the relevant special issues. Second, we provide a taxonomy to classify the resource allocation methods in the existing literatures. Then, to alleviate the main difficulties of UDNs, some prevailing and feasible solutions are elaborated. Next, we present some emerging technologies thriving UDNs with special RA features discussed. Additionally, the challenges and open research directions are outlined in this field.
132 citations
Cites background or methods from "A novel spectrum reuse scheme for i..."
...In [22], an interference graph is utilized to describe the sub-band allocation problem....
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...Due to the large amount of D2D enabled users, a new network structure called ultra-dense D2D network generates, where users can enjoy a variety of advantages, such as increased SE and EE, reduced communication delay, network load and power consumption [22]....
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TL;DR: A framework based on stochastic geometry for D2D multichannel overlaying uplink cellular networks is presented, able to model and analyze how different parameters affect the coverage probability and ergodic rate of users in the cellular network.
Abstract: Device-to-device (D2D) communication, which enables two closely located users to communicate with each other without traversing the base station (BS), has become an emerging technology for network engineers to optimize network performance. This paper presents a framework based on stochastic geometry for D2D multichannel overlaying uplink cellular networks. In this framework, a part of mobile devices and machines (namely cellular users) can upload data to the nearest BSs directly through cellular channels, the other mobile devices and machines (namely D2D users) must upload data to their own relays through D2D channels, and then, the relays communicate with the nearest BSs through cellular channels. D2D users upload data with a fixed transmit power, while cellular users and D2D relays do so by adopting the channel inversion power control with maximum transmit power limit. This tractable framework is able to model and analyze how different parameters affect the coverage probability and ergodic rate of users in the cellular network. As validated by extensive numerical results, the framework can help us to determine the optimal channel allocation to achieve the best network performance efficiently.
71 citations
Cites background from "A novel spectrum reuse scheme for i..."
...in [21] considered the disadvantages in underlay mode and proposed an efficient channel assignment scheme to mitigate the interference among D2D transmissions....
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TL;DR: A distributed deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based scheme is proposed, with which D2D pairs can autonomously optimize channel selection and transmit power by only exploiting local information and outdated nonlocal information, which can achieve better scalability and reduce signalling overheads significantly.
Abstract: Device-to-device (D2D) technology, which allows direct communications between proximal devices, is widely acknowledged as a promising candidate to alleviate the mobile traffic explosion problem. In this paper, we consider an overlay D2D network, in which multiple D2D pairs coexist on several orthogonal spectrum bands, i.e., channels. Due to spectrum scarcity, the number of D2D pairs is typically more than that of available channels, and thus multiple D2D pairs may use a single channel simultaneously. This may lead to severe co-channel interference and degrade network performance. To deal with this issue, we formulate a joint channel selection and power control optimization problem, with the aim to maximize the weighted-sum-rate (WSR) of the D2D network. Unfortunately, this problem is non-convex and NP-hard. To solve this problem, we first adopt the state-of-art fractional programming (FP) technique and develop an FP-based algorithm to obtain a near-optimal solution. However, the FP-based algorithm requires instantaneous global channel state information (CSI) for centralized processing, resulting in poor scalability and prohibitively high signalling overheads. Therefore, we further propose a distributed deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based scheme, with which D2D pairs can autonomously optimize channel selection and transmit power by only exploiting local information and outdated nonlocal information. Compared with the FP-based algorithm, the DRL-based scheme can achieve better scalability and reduce signalling overheads significantly. Simulation results demonstrate that even without instantaneous global CSI, the performance of the DRL-based scheme can approach closely to that of the FP-based algorithm.
59 citations
Additional excerpts
..., [12] and [13], run with instantaneous global channel state information (CSI), which requires massive and instantaneous signalling exchanges....
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...For example, in [12], a joint channel assignment and power control scheme is developed to improve both the overall...
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TL;DR: This paper proposes a two-layer system model allowing RA-D2D links to underlay traditional cellular uplinks, and demonstrates how the optimal transmit power at both D2D transmitter and D1D relay sides is obtained by transforming the nonlinear fractional programming into a nonlinear parameter programming.
Abstract: As one of the key technologies for the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks, device-to-device (D2D) communications allow user equipment (UE) in close proximity to communicate with each other directly. Forwarded by a relay, the relay-aided D2D (RA-D2D) communications can not only be applied to communications in much longer distance but also achieve a high quality of service (QoS). In this paper, we first propose a two-layer system model allowing RA-D2D links to underlay traditional cellular uplinks. Then we maximize the energy efficiency of the RA-D2D link while satisfying the minimum data-rate of the cellular link. The optimal transmit power at both D2D transmitter and D2D relay sides is obtained by transforming the nonlinear fractional programming into a nonlinear parameter programming. Simulation results show that our proposed power allocation method is more energy efficient than the existing works, and the proposed RA-D2D scheme outperformed direct D2D scheme when the distance between two D2D users is longer.
35 citations
01 Sep 2016
TL;DR: Results show that LB-DSA has rela-tively lower demand on communication facilities, while LB-CSA performs slightly better in performances of time delay, transmis-sion accuracy and resource reuse.
Abstract: In underlay D2D communications, cellular users share resource with D2D users, which may cause severe interference. When cellular cells have light loads, overlay D2D communications can be applied to avoid interference. In this paper, we adopted overlay D2D mode under which D2D resource is orthogonal to cellular user resource. We proposed two location-based D2D resource allocation algorithms for V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) broadcast service, separately Location-based Centralized Sched-uling Algorithm (LB-CSA) and Location-based Distributed Scheduling Algorithm (LB-DSA). Further, we researched trans-mission accuracy, time delay and resource utilization perfor-mances of the algorithms. Results show that LB-DSA has rela-tively lower demand on communication facilities, while LB-CSA performs slightly better in performances of time delay, transmis-sion accuracy and resource reuse. Both of the two algorithms can realize resource spatial reuse and improve resource utilization efficiency, meanwhile controlling packet error rate at an ac- ceptable level.
34 citations
Cites background or methods from "A novel spectrum reuse scheme for i..."
...When there’re light network load and high demand for communication quality, overlay mode has more advantages [8]....
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...In [8], an overlay resource allocation scheme was proposed based on point-topoint D2D communication....
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...Overlay mode, which means that D2D users are allocated with specified resource that is orthogonal to cellular user resource [7][8]....
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References
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TL;DR: This paper provides a taxonomy based on the D2D communicating spectrum and review the available literature extensively under the proposed taxonomy to provide new insights into the over-explored and under- Explored areas that lead to identify open research problems of D1D communications in cellular networks.
Abstract: Device-to-device (D2D) communications was initially proposed in cellular networks as a new paradigm for enhancing network performance. The emergence of new applications such as content distribution and location-aware advertisement introduced new user cases for D2D communications in cellular networks. The initial studies showed that D2D communications has advantages such as increased spectral efficiency and reduced communication delay. However, this communication mode introduces complications in terms of interference control overhead and protocols that are still open research problems. The feasibility of D2D communications in Long-Term Evolution Advanced is being studied by academia, industry, and standardization bodies. To date, there are more than 100 papers available on D2D communications in cellular networks, but there is no survey on this field. In this paper, we provide a taxonomy based on the D2D communicating spectrum and review the available literature extensively under the proposed taxonomy. Moreover, we provide new insights into the over-explored and under-explored areas that lead us to identify open research problems of D2D communications in cellular networks.
1,784 citations
"A novel spectrum reuse scheme for i..." refers background in this paper
...Though overlay D2D communication avoids interference between CUEs and DUEs, interference among DUEs still plays a significant role in overall performance degradation of entire system....
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...To eradicate the interference between CUEs and DUEs, [1], [6], [7] propose to allocate dedicated spectrum for D2D communications....
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...Though overlay D2D communication eliminates the concern of interference between CUEs and DUEs, interference among DUEs is still present in the network....
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...To support proximity based services and help the operators in offloading the traffic, Device to Device (D2D) communication in cellular networks has been introduced and is expected to be an integral part of the future generation cellular networks such as 5G [1]....
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...With most of the work in literature being concentrated on interference mitigation among CUEs and DUEs, intelligent resource allocation techniques to avoid intra D2D interference are deemed necessary for the smooth functioning of the system....
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TL;DR: In this article, a taxonomy based on the D2D communicating spectrum and review the available literature extensively under the proposed taxonomy is provided, which provides new insights to the over-explored and underexplored areas which lead to identify open research problems of D2DM communication in cellular networks.
Abstract: Device-to-Device (D2D) communication was initially proposed in cellular networks as a new paradigm to enhance network performance. The emergence of new applications such as content distribution and location-aware advertisement introduced new use-cases for D2D communications in cellular networks. The initial studies showed that D2D communication has advantages such as increased spectral efficiency and reduced communication delay. However, this communication mode introduces complications in terms of interference control overhead and protocols that are still open research problems. The feasibility of D2D communications in LTE-A is being studied by academia, industry, and the standardization bodies. To date, there are more than 100 papers available on D2D communications in cellular networks and, there is no survey on this field. In this article, we provide a taxonomy based on the D2D communicating spectrum and review the available literature extensively under the proposed taxonomy. Moreover, we provide new insights to the over-explored and under-explored areas which lead us to identify open research problems of D2D communication in cellular networks.
1,590 citations
TL;DR: The 3GPP Long Term Evolution system is used as a baseline for D2D design, some of the key design challenges are reviewed, and solution approaches that allow cellular devices and D1D pairs to share spectrum resources and thereby increase the spectrum and energy efficiency of traditional cellular networks are proposed.
Abstract: Device-to-device (D2D) communications underlaying a cellular infrastructure has been proposed as a means of taking advantage of the physical proximity of communicating devices, increasing resource utilization, and improving cellular coverage. Relative to the traditional cellular methods, there is a need to design new peer discovery methods, physical layer procedures, and radio resource management algorithms that help realize the potential advantages of D2D communications. In this article we use the 3GPP Long Term Evolution system as a baseline for D2D design, review some of the key design challenges, and propose solution approaches that allow cellular devices and D2D pairs to share spectrum resources and thereby increase the spectrum and energy efficiency of traditional cellular networks. Simulation results illustrate the viability of the proposed design.
1,391 citations
"A novel spectrum reuse scheme for i..." refers background in this paper
...To eradicate the interference between CUEs and DUEs, [1], [6], [7] propose to allocate dedicated spectrum for D2D communications....
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TL;DR: A tractable hybrid network model where the positions of mobiles are modeled by random spatial Poisson point process is proposed and derived analytical rate expressions are applied to optimize the two D2D spectrum sharing scenarios under a weighted proportional fair utility function.
Abstract: This paper addresses two fundamental and interrelated issues in device-to-device (D2D) enhanced cellular networks. The first issue is how D2D users should access spectrum, and we consider two choices: overlay (orthogonal spectrum between D2D and cellular UEs) and underlay (non-orthogonal). The second issue is how D2D users should choose between communicating directly or via the base station, a choice that depends on distance between the potential D2D transmitter and receiver. We propose a tractable hybrid network model where the positions of mobiles are modeled by random spatial Poisson point process, with which we present a general analytical approach that allows a unified performance evaluation for these questions. Then, we derive analytical rate expressions and apply them to optimize the two D2D spectrum sharing scenarios under a weighted proportional fair utility function. We find that as the proportion of potential D2D mobiles increases, the optimal spectrum partition in the overlay is almost invariant (when D2D mode selection threshold is large) while the optimal spectrum access factor in the underlay decreases. Further, from a coverage perspective, we reveal a tradeoff between the spectrum access factor and the D2D mode selection threshold in the underlay: as more D2D links are allowed (due to a more relaxed mode selection threshold), the network should actually make less spectrum available to them to limit their interference.
416 citations
"A novel spectrum reuse scheme for i..." refers background in this paper
...To eradicate the interference between CUEs and DUEs, [1], [6], [7] propose to allocate dedicated spectrum for D2D communications....
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TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the D2D radio, sharing the same resources as the cellular network, can provide higher capacity compared to pure cellular communication where all the data is transmitted through the base station.
Abstract: In this article we propose to facilitate local peer-to-peer communication by a Device-to-Device (D2D) radio that operates as an underlay network to an IMT-Advanced cellular network It is expected that local services may utilize mobile peer-to-peer communication instead of central server based communication for rich multimedia services The main challenge of the underlay radio in a multi-cell environment is to limit the interference to the cellular network while achieving a reasonable link budget for the D2D radio We propose a novel power control mechanism for D2D connections that share cellular uplink resources The mechanism limits the maximum D2D transmit power utilizing cellular power control information of the devices in D2D communication Thereby it enables underlaying D2D communication even in interference-limited networks with full load and without degrading the performance of the cellular network Secondly, we study a single cell scenario consisting of a device communicating with the base station and two devices that communicate with each other The results demonstrate that the D2D radio, sharing the same resources as the cellular network, can provide higher capacity (sum rate) compared to pure cellular communication where all the data is transmitted through the base station
405 citations
"A novel spectrum reuse scheme for i..." refers background in this paper
...Various power control techniques have been explored in [2], [3] to avoid such interference while maximising the throughput....
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