A Pi-Shaped Slot Antenna for 5.2 GHz WLANMIMO Application
TL;DR: In this paper, a rectangular patch antenna with π shaped slot is proposed as a miniaturized antenna element with a gain of 5.83 dB for WLAN (5.2 GHz) application.
Abstract: A rectangular patch antenna with π shaped slot is proposed as a miniaturized antenna element with a gain of 5.83 dB for WLAN (5.2 GHz) application. This compact π shaped slot antenna is used as a r...
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TL;DR: In this article , a Co-planar Waveguide (CPW) fed antenna of a low profile, simple geometry, and compact size operating at the dual band for ISM and WLAN applications for 5G communication devices is presented.
Abstract: The article presents a Co-planar Waveguide (CPW) fed antenna of a low-profile, simple geometry, and compact size operating at the dual band for ISM and WLAN applications for 5G communication devices. The antenna has a small size of 30 mm × 18 mm × 0.79 mm and is realized using Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. The proposed dual-band antenna contains a CPW feedline along with the triangular patch. Later on, various stubs are loaded to obtain optimal results. The proposed antenna offers a dual band at 2.4 and 5.4 GHz while covering the impedance bandwidths of 2.25–2.8 GHz for ISM and 5.45–5.65 GHz for WLAN applications, respectively. The proposed antenna design is studied and analyzed using the Electromagnetic (EM) High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSSv9) tool, and a hardware prototype is fabricated to verify the simulated results. As the antenna is intended for on-body applications, therefore, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis is carried out to investigate the Electromagnetic effects of the antenna on the human body. Moreover, a comparison between the proposed dual-band antenna and other relevant works in the literature is presented. The results and comparison of the proposed work with other literary works validate that the proposed dual-band antenna is suitable for future 5G devices working in Industrial, Scientific, Medical (ISM), and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) bands.
6 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposes a dual-polarized and high gain, four-element based compact multipleinput-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna operating at 5.2 GHz with a low profile and single layer planar structure, which makes it a good contender for portable devices or low-profile hand-held applications in WLAN band.
Abstract: This paper proposes a dual-polarized and high gain, four-element based compact multipleinput-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna operating at 5.2 GHz. First, a hammer-shaped antenna has been designed with a gain of 5.3 dBi, impedance bandwidth of 400 MHz, and broadside radiation. A mathematical analysis for radiated electric field and an equivalent circuit model of the hammer-shaped antenna are developed. Using the hammer-shaped antenna as an element, four element MIMO design with shorting walls is proposed. The shorting walls near non-radiating edges improve isolation between the elements by changing the direction of the major lobe. The proposed MIMO design has an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC)< 0.15, measured gain of 5.5 dBi, and mean effective gain (MEG) ∼ −3 dB. This design has a low profile and single layer planar structure of area 65mm × 65 mm, which makes it a good contender for portable devices or low-profile hand-held applications in WLAN band.
4 citations
Cites methods from "A Pi-Shaped Slot Antenna for 5.2 GH..."
...Equation (4) is used to calculate ECC [19]....
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...For optimum performance, the ratio of MEGi (ith antenna) to MEGj (jth antenna) should approach unity or 0 dB as given in Equation (6), where MEG is expressed in Equation (7) [19]....
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...The comparison of measured and simulated ECC values for the MIMO antenna are shown in Fig....
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...Mutual coupling among antenna elements degrades the spectral efficiency in the MIMO system, and ECC (Envelop correlation coefficient) quantifies these effects....
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...For XPR = 0 dB and uniform distribution for angular densities, the MEG is calculated using s-parameters given in Equation (8) [19]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a simple parasitic decoupling structure integrated compact dual-band quad-element MIMO configuration with improved isolation is proposed for 3.5 and 5.8 GHz bands of Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications.
Abstract: In this work, a simple parasitic decoupling structure integrated compact dual-band quad-element Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) configuration with improved isolation is proposed for 3.5 and 5.8 GHz bands of Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. The lower and higher frequency bands accomplish an impedance bandwidth of 400 MHz (3.35 – 3.75 GHz) and 450 MHz (5.6 – 6.05 GHz), respectively. A slot integrated curve-shaped compact (11 × 20 mm2) dual-band monopole antenna is explored to implement the proposed compact MIMO configuration. A parasitic decoupling structure comprising T and inverted L-shaped thin metal strips is introduced between the orthogonally placed antenna elements. It exhibits dual stopband characteristics to enhance the isolation significantly at the targeted frequency bands despite the compact footprint (34 × 34 mm2) of the MIMO geometry. The optimized decoupling structure improves the isolation between the elements by 31.5 and 32 dB in the lower and higher bands than the MIMO geometry without decoupling elements. The antenna provides good radiation characteristics with peak gains of 4.18 and 3.62 dBi within the bands. The computed diversity metrics, such as envelope correlation coefficient ( 9.93 dB), mean effective gain ratio (-0.13 to 0.16 dB), channel capacity loss (
2 citations
13 Oct 2021
TL;DR: In this article, a pi-slot patch microstrip antenna array with four elements optimized by using proximity coupling method for multi wideband which is tested on frequency of 1-10 Ghz.
Abstract: This research has described the design and realization of a pi-slot patch microstrip antenna array four elements who optimized by using proximity coupling method for multi wideband which is tested on frequency of 1-10 Ghz. The proximity coupling method is used to widen the bandwidth and increase the return loss value of the antenna. Based on the measurement results, it is known that the antenna designed has met the requirements of multi wide band because it has six operating frequencies with the best return loss value -30.44 dB VSWR ?2 at a frequency 5.388 Ghz with bandwidth 90 Mhz. And for the widest bandwidth 202 Mhz at a frequency 8.560-8.762 Ghz with return loss -12,19 dB VSWR ?2
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TL;DR: In this paper, a USB dongle MIMO antenna for the 2.4 GHz WLAN band is presented, which consists of two antenna elements and a coupling element which artificially creates an additional coupling path between the antenna elements.
Abstract: This paper introduces a coupling element to enhance the isolation between two closely packed antennas operating at the same frequency band. The proposed structure consists of two antenna elements and a coupling element which is located in between the two antenna elements. The idea is to use field cancellation to enhance isolation by putting a coupling element which artificially creates an additional coupling path between the antenna elements. To validate the idea, a design for a USB dongle MIMO antenna for the 2.4 GHz WLAN band is presented. In this design, the antenna elements are etched on a compact low-cost FR4 PCB board with dimensions of 20times40times1.6 mm3. According to our measurement results, we can achieve more than 30 dB isolation between the antenna elements even though the two parallel individual planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) in the design share a solid ground plane with inter-antenna spacing (Center to Center) of less than 0.095 lambdao or edge to edge separations of just 3.6 mm (0.0294 lambdao). Both simulation and measurement results are used to confirm the antenna isolation and performance. The method can also be applied to different types of antennas such as non-planar antennas. Parametric studies and current distribution for the design are also included to show how to tune the structure and control the isolation.
413 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: This work starts by defining the new required metrics to characterize MIMO antenna systems, along with some isolation-enhancement mechanisms that are used in these closely packed antennas.
Abstract: Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems are a key enabling technology for modern fourth-generation (4G) wireless systems. The need for higher data rates for multimedia applications within the limited bandwidth and power levels led the way to the use of multiple antennas at the receiver and transmitter ends. Printed MIMO antenna systems, supporting multiple bands, including the lower band of the 4G wireless standard (LTE), pose a challenge in terms of available size. In this work, we start by defi ning the new required metrics to characterize MIMO antenna systems. We then present several recent printed multi-band MIMO antenna systems, along with some isolation-enhancement mechanisms that are used in these closely packed antennas.
311 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define the new required metrics to characterize MIMO antenna systems and then present several recent printed multi-band antenna systems, along with some isolation-enhancement mechanisms that are used in these closely packed antennas.
Abstract: Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems are a key enabling technology for modern fourth-generation (4G) wireless systems. The need for higher data rates for multimedia applications within the limited bandwidth and power levels led the way to the use of multiple antennas at the receiver and transmitter ends. Printed MIMO antenna systems, supporting multiple bands, including the lower band of the 4G wireless standard (LTE), pose a challenge in terms of available size. In this work, we start by defining the new required metrics to characterize MIMO antenna systems. We then present several recent printed multi-band MIMO antenna systems, along with some isolation-enhancement mechanisms that are used in these closely packed antennas.
268 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the integration of compact printed multielement antenna (MEA) systems on small diversity and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) terminal devices operating in the 5.2 GHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band is presented.
Abstract: The integration of compact printed multielement antenna (MEA) systems on small diversity and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) terminal devices operating in the 5.2 GHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band is presented. The investigated MEA systems comprise up to six printed elements (inverted F and Minkowski monopole antennas) and their performance is evaluated by means of the effective diversity gain (EDG) and the 1% outage MIMO capacity. The role of the propagation environment (both outdoor and indoor) on EDG is examined, proving that the uniform scenario is a good approximation to many real environments. The tradeoff study between system's performance and number of integrated antenna elements indicates that both diversity and MIMO performance saturate when placing more than five closely spaced elements. Even the least efficient 6-element system however, can be advantageously used as a reconfigurable 2-element array under the concept of receive antenna selection, since it provides significantly improved MIMO performance over a conventional 2-element fixed one. The paper concludes with a summary of useful guidelines for the MEA design optimization procedure that emanated from this study.
217 citations
TL;DR: Different MIMO antenna design techniques and all of their mutual coupling reduction techniques through various structures and mechanisms are presented with multiple examples and characteristics comparison.
Abstract: In recent years, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antennas with the ability to radiate waves in more than one pattern and polarization play a great role in modern telecommunication systems. This paper provides a theoretical review of different mutual coupling reduction techniques in MIMO antenna systems. The increase in the mutual coupling can affect the antenna characteristics drastically and therefore degrades the performance of the MIMO systems. It is possible to improve the performance partially by calibrating the mutual coupling in the digital domain. However, the simple and effective approach is to use the techniques, such as defected ground structure, parasitic or slot element, complementary split ring resonator, and decoupling networks which can overcome the mutual coupling effects by means of physical implementation. An extensive discussion on the basis of different mutual coupling reduction techniques, their examples, and comparative study is still rare in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, different MIMO antenna design techniques and all of their mutual coupling reduction techniques through various structures and mechanisms are presented with multiple examples and characteristics comparison.
197 citations