Journal ArticleDOI
A review and critique of published real-world weight management program studies.
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TLDR
Despite general acceptance that weight loss programs are capable of facilitating successful outcomes, this review revealed substantial inconsistency in the design and reporting of such programs, making it very difficult to draw conclusions about the comparative merits of different real-world weight loss strategies/components.Abstract:
BACKGROUND Beyond the essential but somewhat artificial conditions that typify formal clinical studies, real-world evidence (RWE) of weight loss program effectiveness is paramount for an accurate assessment of such programs and refinement of best practices. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the current state of RWE studies and publications on weight loss, identify the range of weight loss components being used in RWE programs, and to provide a general overview of the consistency or lack of consistency with regard to measuring and reporting outcomes. METHODS A structured search of PubMed was performed to identify relevant English-language publications from 2006 to December 2017 that reported real-world studies of weight loss among adults. Duplicates, non-relevant publications, articles on weight loss surgery, pediatric studies, randomized controlled trials, studies with self-reported weight loss, no objective weight measures, or that failed to include weight loss results were excluded. RESULTS This review included 62 RWE publications. Forty-nine studies included dietary intervention, 37 included exercise, 29 included motivational counseling, and 5 contained some patients who had pharmacologic treatment as part of their weight loss regimen. The numbers of participants per study ranged from 10 to more than 3 million. The interventions reported in the publications included diet, exercise, counseling to promote diet and/or exercise, motivational counseling, and pharmacotherapy, and various combinations of these. CONCLUSIONS Despite general acceptance that weight loss programs are capable of facilitating successful outcomes, this review revealed substantial inconsistency in the design and reporting of such programs, making it very difficult to draw conclusions about the comparative merits of different real-world weight loss strategies/components. In addition, there was a marked lack of congruence with current weight loss management guidelines, and notably few studies incorporating anti-obesity medications. There clearly is a need for greater rigor and standardization among designing and reporting RWE weight-loss studies.read more
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Effectiveness and tolerability of orlistat and liraglutide in patients with obesity in a real-world setting: The XENSOR Study
Juan J. Gorgojo-Martinez,Belen Basagoiti-Carreño,Alberto Sanz-Velasco,Clara Serrano-Moreno,Francisca Almodóvar-Ruiz +4 more
TL;DR: To evaluate in a real‐world setting the effectiveness of two drugs, orlistat and liraglutide, in patients with overweight or obesity and insufficient weight loss after a lifestyle modification programme.
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TL;DR: The majority of subjects did not meet the recommended intakes for most nutrients, and the burden of inadequate nutrition in individuals with obesity should be acknowledged and properly addressed within efforts to reduce obesity rates and associated disorders.
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Weight change among repeat participants of an Aboriginal community-based weight loss program
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012.
TL;DR: Overall, there was no significant change from 2003-2004 through 2011-2012 in high weight for recumbent length among infants and toddlers, obesity in 2- to 19-year-olds, or obesity in adults.
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
TL;DR: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an increased risk of all-cause death, probably because of complications of insulin resistance such as vascular disease, as well as due to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which occurs in a minority of patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of Childhood and Adult Obesity in the United States, 2011–2012
TL;DR: Overall, there was no significant change from 2003-2004 through 2011-2012 in high weight for recumbent length among infants and toddlers, obesity in 2- to 19-year-olds, or obesity in adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ.
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