A Review and Integration of Team Composition Models Moving Toward a Dynamic and Temporal Framework
TL;DR: This article categorizes team composition models into four types and highlights theory and research associated with each one and offers an integrative framework that represents members’ attributes as simultaneously contributing variance to each of the four model types.
About: This article is published in Journal of Management.The article was published on 2014-01-01. It has received 338 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Team composition & Team effectiveness.
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25 Jun 1984
TL;DR: A study of teams: How it all started The Apollo Syndrome Teams Containing Similar Personalities Identifying further team roles Team Leadership The Missing Team Roles Developing an inventory Unsuccessful teams Winning teams Ideal team size Features of good members of a team Teams in Public Affairs How Belbin reports developed Case Studies in Using Belbin this article.
Abstract: A Study of Teams: How It All Began The Apollo Syndrome Teams Containing Similar Personalities Identifying further Team Roles Team Leadership The Missing Team Roles Developing an inventory Unsuccessful teams Winning teams Ideal team size Features of good members of a team Teams in Public Affairs How Belbin reports developed Case Studies in Using Belbin
827 citations
TL;DR: The microfoundations movement in macro management as mentioned in this paper has received increased attention in strategy and organization theory over the past decade, and the micro-foundations research has been widely studied.
Abstract: Microfoundations have received increased attention in strategy and organization theory over the past decade. In this paper, we take stock of the microfoundations movement, its origins and history, and disparate forms. We briefly touch on similar micro movements in disciplines such as economics and sociology. However, our particular focus is on the unique features of the microfoundations movement in macro management. While the microfoundations movement in macro management does seek to link with more micro disciplines such as psychology and organizational behavior, it also features a unique set of questions, assumptions, theoretical mechanisms, and independent/dependent variables that complement the focus in the micro disciplines. We also discuss the disparate criticisms of the microfoundations literature and the challenges the movement faces, such as defining distinct theoretical and empirical programs for microfoundational research. The overall purpose of this manuscript is to clearly delineate the promise and uniqueness of microfoundations research in macro management, to discuss how the movement originated and where it is going, and to offer rich opportunities for future work.
635 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify four foundational elements that characterize this emerging neoconfigurational perspective: 1) conceptualizing cases as set theoretic configurations; 2) calibrating cases' memberships into sets; 3) viewing causality in terms of necessity and sufficiency relations between sets; and 4) conducting counterfactual analysis of unobserved configurations.
477 citations
15 Jul 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science (EES) report, which synthesizes and integrates the available research to provide guidance on assembling the science team; leadership, education and professional development for science teams and groups.
Abstract: The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic increase in the scale and complexity of scientific research. The growing scale of science has been accompanied by a shift toward collaborative research, referred to as “team science.“ Scientific research is increasingly conducted by small teams and larger groups rather than individual investigators, but the challenges of collaboration can slow these teams' progress in achieving their scientific goals. How does a team-based approach work, and how can universities and research institutions support teams? Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science synthesizes and integrates the available research to provide guidance on assembling the science team; leadership, education and professional development for science teams and groups. It also examines institutional and organizational structures and policies to support science teams and identifies areas where further research is needed to help science teams and groups achieve their scientific and translational goals. This report offers major public policy recommendations for science research agencies and policymakers, as well as recommendations for individual scientists, disciplinary associations, and research universities. Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science will be of interest to university research administrators, team science leaders, science faculty, and graduate and postdoctoral students.
402 citations
TL;DR: The authors review the evolution of team research over the past century with a particular focus on that which has appeared in this journal, and chronicle the shift from a focus on individuals within teams, or on individual versus team comparisons, to afocus on the team itself and larger systems of teams.
Abstract: Work groups are a vital link between individuals and organizations. Systematic psychological research on the nature and effects of work groups dates back at least to the Hawthorne studies of the 1920s and 1930s. Yet little to none of this work appeared in the Journal of Applied Psychology until the 1950s when groups were treated primarily as foils against which to compare the performance of individuals. From the 1990s to the present, the volume of research and the nature of topics addressing work group/teams expanded significantly. The authors review the evolution of team research over the past century with a particular focus on that which has appeared in this journal. They chronicle the shift from a focus on individuals within teams, or on individual versus team comparisons, to a focus on the team itself and larger systems of teams. They describe the major outcomes studied within this literature, and how they relate to the nature of team tasks and structures. Further, the authors consider the roles of team members' characteristics and composition, and team dynamics in terms of processes and emergent states. They close with a call for future research that models dynamic team relationships in context and as they operate in complex systems. (PsycINFO Database Record
298 citations
References
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TL;DR: An up-to-date handbook on conceptual and methodological issues relevant to the study of industrial and organizational behavior is presented in this paper, which covers substantive issues at both the individual and organizational level in both theoretical and practical terms.
Abstract: An up-to-date handbook on conceptual and methodological issues relevant to the study of industrial and organizational behavior. Chapters contributed by leading experts from the academic and business communities cover substantive issues at both the individual and organizational level, in both theoretical and practical terms.
7,809 citations
TL;DR: This article defines team process in the context of a multiphase episodic framework related to goal accomplishment, arguing that teams are multitasking units that perform multiple processes simultaneously and sequentially to orchestrate goal-directed taskwork.
Abstract: In this article we examine the meaning of team process. We first define team process in the context of a multiphase episodic framework related to goal accomplishment, arguing that teams are multitasking units that perform multiple processes simultaneously and sequentially to orchestrate goal-directed taskwork. We then advance a taxonomy of team process dimensions synthesized from previous research and theorizing. a taxonomy that reflects our time-based conceptual framework. We conclude with implications for future research and application.
3,015 citations
"A Review and Integration of Team Co..." refers background in this paper
...…we know that teams that initially take the time to develop clear plans for how they will proceed, both in terms of task work and how they will function as a team, prove to be more successful in the long run than those that do not (cf. Hackman, 1982; Marks et al., 2001; Mathieu & Rapp, 2009)....
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...For example, from a developmental perspective, we know that teams that initially take the time to develop clear plans for how they will proceed, both in terms of task work and how they will function as a team, prove to be more successful in the long run than those that do not (cf. Hackman, 1982; Marks et al., 2001; Mathieu & Rapp, 2009)....
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...Marks, Mathieu, and Zaccaro (2001) discussed 10 specific dimensions that clustered into transition (e.g., planning), action (e.g., coordination), and interpersonal (e.g., conflict management) processes....
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01 Jan 2000
2,691 citations
"A Review and Integration of Team Co..." refers background or methods in this paper
...This approach, which represents a compilation model (Kozlowski & Klein, 2000), has often been referred to as the relative or selected score approach....
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...Kozlowski and Klein (2000) described two general types of aggregation processes—or manners by which lower-level attributes such as members’ knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) can combine to form a higher-level variable such as team composition....
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...In contrast, “in compilation models, the higher-level phenomenon is a complex combination of diverse lower-level contributions” (Kozlowski & Klein, 2000: 17)....
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TL;DR: The authors describe three distinctive types of diversity: separation, variety, and disparity, and present guidelines for conceptualization, measurement, and theory testing, highlighting the special case of demographic diversity.
Abstract: Research on organizational diversity, heterogeneity, and related concepts has proliferated in the past decade, but few consistent findings have emerged. We argue that the construct of diversity requires closer examination. We describe three distinctive types of diversity: separation, variety, and disparity. Failure to recognize the meaning, maximum shape, and assumptions underlying each type has held back theory development and yielded ambiguous research conclusions. We present guidelines for conceptualization, measurement, and theory testing, highlighting the special case of demographic diversity
2,541 citations
"A Review and Integration of Team Co..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Diversity indices are also compositional in nature, as they represent the higher-level construct as a variance of members’ individual characteristics (see Harrison & Klein, 2007)....
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...As shown in Table 4, this approach indexes composition in terms of descriptive statistics of members’ KSAOs (e.g., mean values or some diversity index—see Harrison & Klein, 2007)....
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