A Review on Pharmacological, Anti-oxidant Activities and Phytochemical Constituents of a Novel Lichen Parmotrema Species
04 May 2021-Journal of biologically active products from nature (Informa UK Limited)-Vol. 11, Iss: 3, pp 190-203
TL;DR: In this article, a review dealt with the in-depth potentiality of this novel lichen Parmotrema species and its role in pharmacology and concluded that the free radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity specifically towards cancer cells infer that this lichen genus can have potential anti-cancer properties and should be extensively investigated for pharmaceutical purposes.
Abstract: Increased resistance and side effects of synthetic pharmaceutical drugs have led to the exploration of bioactive compounds from alternative sources. Therefore, research on drug development from members of natural sources has gained much importance. Lichens are a unique association of fungi and algae, producing a wide array of secondary metabolites which has immense pharmacological activities. Lichen extracts have been used in traditional systems of medicines and are known to cure several diseases. Parmotrema is a large genus of foliose lichen belonging to the family Parmeliaceae. Parmeloid lichens are a diverse and ubiquitous group of lichens. Members of the Parmeliaceae family have been used in several traditional systems of medicines. One hundred and nine articles have been reported till date regarding pharmacological activities of Parmotrema species. Studies reveal that Parmotrema exhibits numerous biological activities ranging from anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidative, and anti-proliferative properties. These properties can be attributed to the presence of pharmacologically active compounds like depsides, depsidones, phenolics, polysaccharides, lipids, diphenyl ethers, and dibenzofurans. The free radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity specifically towards cancer cells infer that this lichen genus can have potential anti-cancer properties and should be extensively investigated for pharmaceutical purposes. This review dealt with the in-depth potentiality of this novel lichen Parmotrema species and its role in pharmacology.
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TL;DR: The results of the above study confirmed that D .
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity of Dirinaria aegialita (Afzel. ex Ach.) B.J. Moore and Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale, the two dominant macrolichens taxa from the Similipal Biosphere Reserve of Odisha. Both the lichens were evaluated for their efficacy against three bacterial species such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Bacillus subtilis, and three fungal species such as Aspergillus niger , Trichoderma harzianum , and Candida albicans . The D . aegialita and P . praesorediosum showed higher inhibitory effect against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus , respectively. D . aegialita also showed the higher inhibitory activity against MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 breast cancer cell line as compared to P . praesorediosum . Besides, D . aegialita was found to have better antioxidant activity than P . praesorediosum in scavenging assay. Thus, the results of the above study confirmed that D . aegialita species is having better potential in its antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity as compared to P . praesorediosum .
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present a taxonomic survey of lichen-derived products and their applications in the field of bioengineering, including the use of lichens as a sustainable source of natural dyes.
Abstract: Abas, A. & L. Din. 2021. The diversity of lichens along elevational gradients in the tropical montane Forest of Selangor, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana 50(5): 1199–1209. Adeel, S., A. Majeed, Fazal-ur-Rehman, M. Azeem, N. Iqbal & N. Amin. 2020. Lichen-derived products as sustainable source of natural dyes. Pages 245–261. In: M. Yusuf (ed.), Lichen-Derived Products: Extraction and Applications. Scrivener Publishing, Beverly, Massachusetts. Agnelli, A., G. Corti, L. Massaccesi, S. Ventura & L. P. D’Acqui. 2021. Impact of biological crusts on soil formation in polar ecosystems. Geoderma 401: 115340. Alam, M. A., R. Khatoon, S. Huda, N. Ahmad & P. K. Sharma. 2020. Biotechnological applications of lichens. Pages 203–219. In: M. Yusuf (ed.), Lichen-Derived Products: Extraction and Applications. Scrivener Publishing, Beverly, Massachusetts. Ament-Velásquez, S. L., V. Tuovinen, L. Bergström, T. Spribille, D. Vanderpool, J. Nascimbene, Y. Yamamoto, G. Thor & H. Johannesson. 2021. The Plot Thickens: Haploid and triploid-like thalli, hybridization, and biased mating type ratios in Letharia. Frontiers in Fungal Biology 2: 656386. Aptroot, A., L. A. Santos, I. O. Junior, J. G. Cavalcante & M. E. S. Cáceres. 2021. Lichens from Brazil: A checklist of lichenized fungi from Acre, in the Amazon. Mycotaxon 136(2): 541. Aptroot, A., M. F. Souza & A. A. Spielmann. 2021. Two new crustose Cladonia species with strepsilin and other new lichens from the Serra de Maracaju, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Cryptogamie, Mycologie 42(8): 137–148. [New (all from Brazil): C. gumboskii Aptroot, M.F.Souza & Spielmann, C. zebrathallina Aptroot & Spielmann, Lecanora fluoroxylina Aptroot & M.F.Souza, Lecanora lichexanthoxylina Aptroot & M.F.Souza, Trypethelium muriforme Aptroot & M.F.Souza.] Barcenas-Peña, A., S. D. Leavitt, F. Grewe & H. T. Lumbsch. 2021. Diversity of Xanthoparmelia (Parmeliaceae) species in Mexican xerophytic scrub vegetation, evidenced by molecular, morphological and chemistry data. Anales del Jardı́n Botánico de Madrid 78(1): e107. Barkman, J. J. 1958. Phytosociology and ecology of cryptogamic epiphytes including a taxonomic survey and a description of their vegetation units in Europe. Van Gorcum, Assen. xiii, 628 pages. Benitez, G. N., G. D. Aguilar & D. Blanchon. 2021. Spatial distribution of lichens in Metrosideros excelsa in northern New Zealand urban forests. Diversity 13(4): 170. Bennett, K. L., S. L. Skiles-Jones & S. Strawn. 2021. Efficacy of commercial-grade materials for thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Evansia 38(2): 73–83. Berger, F. & W. von Brackel. 2021. Lichenohendersonia physciicola sp. nov., a new coelomycete on Physcia. Herzogia 34(1): 138– 141. [New: L. physciicola F.Berger & Brackel (on P. tenella from Austria, P. adscendens from Germany).] Bergin, R., I. Koch, A. Rutter, J. Shirley & B. Zeeb. 2021. Evaluating mercury concentrations in edible plant and fungi species in the Canadian Arctic environment. Journal of Environmental Quality 50(4): 877–888. Biju, H., A. Sabeena & S. Nayaka. 2021. New records of Graphidaceae (lichenized fungi) from the Western Ghats of Kerala state, India. Studies in Fungi 6(1): 213–223. Bishop, L., J. T. Maxwell & P. E. Rothrock. 2021. Old-growth attributes in a maturing secondary Indiana state forest: An opportunity for balanced management. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 148(2): 132–153. [Includes lichen diversity in context of old-growth.] Boluda, C. G., V. J. Rico, Y. Naciri, D. L. Hawksworth & C. Scheidegger. 2021. Phylogeographic reconstructions can be biased by ancestral shared alleles: The case of the polymorphic lichen Bryoria fuscescens in Europe and North Africa. Molecular Ecology 30(19): 4845–4865. Brodo, I. M., R. E. Lee, C. Freebury, P. Y. Wong, C. J. Lewis & R. T. McMullin. 2021. Additions to the lichens, allied fungi, and lichenicolous fungi of the Ottawa region in Ontario and Quebec, with reflections on a changing biota. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 135(1): 1–27. Broome, A., L. L. Inchboard, M. Perks, T.-K. Clarke, K. J. Park & R. Thompson. 2021. Can epiphytic lichens of remnant Atlantic oakwood trees in a planted ancient woodland site survive early stages of woodland restoration? Annals of Forest Science 78: 58. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). 2021. Changes to the CNDDB Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento. [unpaginated, 35 pp.] pages. [Includes some lichens.] California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). 2021. Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento. i–xvi, 1–159 pages. [Includes some lichens.] Cannon, P., B. Coppins, D. Ertz, A. Fletcher, A. Pentecost & J. Simkin. 2021. Arthoniales: Opegraphaceae, including the genera 1 Author’s email: jlendemer@nybg.org The cumulative database for this series is available in searchable form on the World Wide Web at http://nhm2.uio. no/botanisk/lav/RLL/RLL.HTM with full abstracts, DOIs, and links to electronically available articles when possible. Thanks to the following: Einar Timdal for his work on the RLL database, Bill Buck for checking recently published literature, Jim Bennett for sharing Scopus alerts, and the many authors who send reprints or electronic versions of their works for inclusion. DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.4.649
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TL;DR: This mini-review pays particular attention to the most common classes of small-molecule constituents of lichens, from both the chemical viewpoint and with regard to possible therapeutic implications, which will provide impetus for identifying novel lead-compounds with therapeutic potential and poses new challenges for medicinal chemistry.
Abstract: Lichen metabolites exert a wide variety of biological actions including antibiotic, antimycobacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects. Even though these manifold activities of lichen metabolites have now been recognized, their therapeutic potential has not yet been fully explored and thus remains pharmaceutically unexploited. In this mini-review, particular attention is paid to the most common classes of small-molecule constituents of lichens, from both the chemical viewpoint and with regard to possible therapeutic implications. In particular, aliphatic acids, pulvinic acid derivatives, depsides and depsidones, dibenzofuans, anthraquinones, naphthoquinones as well as epidithiopiperazinediones are described. An improved access to these lichen substances in drug discovery high-throughput screening programs will provide impetus for identifying novel lead-compounds with therapeutic potential and poses new challenges for medicinal chemistry.
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