A review on phase change energy storage: materials and applications
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the phase change materials (PCM) and their application in energy storage is presented, where the main advantages of encapsulation are providing large heat transfer area, reduction of the PCMs reactivity towards the outside environment and controlling the changes in volume of the storage materials as phase change occurs.
About: This article is published in Energy Conversion and Management.The article was published on 2004-06-01. It has received 2636 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Thermal energy storage & Energy storage.
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TL;DR: This Review introduces several typical energy storage systems, including thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic, hydrogen, and electrochemical energy storage, and the current status of high-performance hydrogen storage materials for on-board applications and electrochemicals for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors.
Abstract: [Liu, Chang; Li, Feng; Ma, Lai-Peng; Cheng, Hui-Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.;Cheng, HM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China;cheng@imr.ac.cn
4,105 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized previous works on latent thermal energy storage in building applications, covering PCMs, the impregnation methods, current building applications and their thermal performance analyses, as well as numerical simulation of buildings with PCMs.
1,569 citations
Cites background from "A review on phase change energy sto..."
...[11] Energy Conversion and Management 2004 The materials in general for thermal energy storage and main applications of PCMs were presented....
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...Most reviews [8, 10, 11, 14, 17] mainly focused on the PCMs rather than the building applications....
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TL;DR: In this article, the state of the art of phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications is reviewed and an insight into recent efforts to develop new phase change material with enhanced performance and safety.
1,399 citations
TL;DR: A review of the latest publications on the use of phase change materials (PCM) in buildings is presented in this article, where the authors present a classification of materials, materials available and problems and possible solutions on the application of such materials in buildings.
Abstract: In recent years the use of thermal energy storage with phase change materials has become a topic with a lot of interest within the research community, but also within architects and engineers. Many publications have appeared, and several books, but the information is disseminated and not very much organised. This paper shows a review of the latest publications on the use of phase change materials (PCM) in buildings. The paper compiles information about the requirements of the use of this technology, classification of materials, materials available and problems and possible solutions on the application of such materials in buildings.
1,389 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a review of solar collectors and thermal energy storage systems, including both non-concentrating collectors and concentrating collectors, in terms of optical optimisation, heat loss reduction, heat recuperation enhancement and different sun-tracking mechanisms.
1,370 citations
Additional excerpts
...[7] Farid MM, Khudhair AM, Razack SAK, Al-Hallaj S....
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References
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TL;DR: In this article, a cylindrical vertical tube with internal longitudinal fin arrangement and phase change material (PCM) is used to enhance heat transfer in a thermal storage system, where the fin arrangement gives maximum benefit to fin arrangement.
229 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a group of promising phase change heat storage materials was selected through study of the literature, laboratory tests of freeze-melt behavior and determination of thermophysical properties. Means were developed of encapsulating these materials in metal or plastic containers.
Abstract: SYNOPSIS A group of promising phase change heat-storage materials was selected through study of the literature, laboratory tests of freeze—melt behaviour and determination of thermophysical properties. Means were developed of encapsulating these materials in metal or plastic containers. Four of these phase-change materials, suitably encapsulated, were tested in a sub-kale thermal storage unit of about 20MJ capacity, using air as the heat-transfer fluid. In most cases, measured thermal-storage capacity exceeded 90% of the theoretical value. After considering a number of heating and cooling schemes employing phase-change heat storage, we selected a forced hot air, central storage design, using CaCl2.6H2O encapsulated in plastic pipes. A home was designed, using a two-storey conservatory for solar collection with vertical glazing and movable insulation.
227 citations
"A review on phase change energy sto..." refers background in this paper
...Lane [47,48] has identified over 200 potential phase change heat storage materials melting from 10 to 90 C to be used for encapsulation....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of a heat storage unit consisting of number of vertical cylindrical capsules filled with phase change materials, with air flowing across them for heat exchange has been analyzed.
Abstract: In the present study, the performance of a heat storage unit consisting of number of vertical cylindrical capsules filled with phase change materials, with air flowing across them for heat exchange has been analyzed. Earlier theoretical models did not consider temperature distribution in the radial direction within the capsules, an assumption that limits their applications for small diameter capsules. The mathematical model developed in this work is based on solving the heat conduction equation in both melt and solid phases in cylindrical coordinates, taking into account the radial temperature distribution in both phases. Heat flux was then evaluated at the surface of the first row of the capsules to determine the temperature of the air leaving that row by a simple heat balance. It was found that such computation may be carried out for every few rows rather than for a single row to minimize computer time. The simulation study showed a significant improvement in the rate of heat transfer during heat charge and discharge when phase change materials with different melting temperatures were used. Air must flow in the direction of decreasing melting temperature during heat charge, while it must be reversed during heat discharge.
203 citations
"A review on phase change energy sto..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Alternatively, it may be contained in small diameter tubes [9,11,43,57–59] with the heat transfer fluid flowing along or across the tubes....
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...Commercial paraffin waxes, which melt around 55 C, have been studied most [8–10]....
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...The same idea has been applied later by Farid and Kanzawa [9] and Farid et al....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a latent heat storage unit incorporating heat pipes embedded in phase change material (PCM) is developed and tested for a novel application in low energy cooling of buildings.
199 citations
01 Nov 1977
197 citations