A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites

doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00178-7

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A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites

Journal Article•DOI•

A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites

Zheng-Ming Huang¹, Yanzhong Zhang², Masaya Kotaki², Seeram Ramakrishna²•Institutions (2)

Tongji University¹, National University of Singapore²

01 Nov 2003-Composites Science and Technology (Elsevier)-Vol. 63, Iss: 15, pp 2223-2253

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review is presented on the researches and developments related to electrospun polymer nanofibers including processing, structure and property characterization, applications, and modeling and simulations.

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About: This article is published in Composites Science and Technology.The article was published on 2003-11-01. It has received 6987 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Melt electrospinning & Nanofiber.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure, properties and nanocomposites

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Robert J. Moon¹, Robert J. Moon², Ashlie Martini¹, John A. Nairn³, John Simonsen³, Jeffrey P. Youngblood¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (3)

Purdue University¹, United States Forest Service², Oregon State University³

20 Jun 2011-Chemical Society Reviews

TL;DR: This critical review provides a processing-structure-property perspective on recent advances in cellulose nanoparticles and composites produced from them, and summarizes cellulOSE nanoparticles in terms of particle morphology, crystal structure, and properties.

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Abstract: This critical review provides a processing-structure-property perspective on recent advances in cellulose nanoparticles and composites produced from them. It summarizes cellulose nanoparticles in terms of particle morphology, crystal structure, and properties. Also described are the self-assembly and rheological properties of cellulose nanoparticle suspensions. The methodology of composite processing and resulting properties are fully covered, with an emphasis on neat and high fraction cellulose composites. Additionally, advances in predictive modeling from molecular dynamic simulations of crystalline cellulose to the continuum modeling of composites made with such particles are reviewed (392 references).

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4,920 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Electrospinning: a fascinating fiber fabrication technique.

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Nandana Bhardwaj¹, Subhas C. Kundu¹•Institutions (1)

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur¹

01 May 2010-Biotechnology Advances

TL;DR: This review presents an overview of the electrospinning technique with its promising advantages and potential applications, and focuses on varied applications of electrospun fibers in different fields.

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3,932 citations

Cites background from "A review on polymer nanofibers by e..."

...This process of electrospinning has gained much attention in the last decade not only due to its versatility in spinning a wide variety of polymeric fibers but also due to its ability to consistently produce fibers in the submicron range consistently that is otherwise difficult to achieve by using standard mechanical fiber-spinning technologies techniques (Reneker et al., 2000; Schreuder-Gibson et al., 2002; Huang et al., 2003; Theron et al., 2005; Ma et al., 2005a)....
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...From 1934 to 1944, Formhals published a series of patents, describing an experimental setup for the production of polymer filaments using an electrostatic force (Huang et al., 2003)....
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...Silk nanofibers are used in various fields such as, in biomedical, electrical and textile applications, including tissue-engineered scaffolds, wound dressings and drug delivery systems because of their remarkable properties such as, high specific surface area, increased strength and surface energy and enhanced thermal and electrical conductivity (Huang et al., 2003; Zeng et al., 2003b)....
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...However, some polymers may emit unpleasant or even harmful smells, so the processes should be conducted within chambers having a ventilation system (Huang et al., 2003)....
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...…its ability to consistently produce fibers in the submicron range consistently that is otherwise difficult to achieve by using standard mechanical fiber-spinning technologies techniques (Reneker et al., 2000; Schreuder-Gibson et al., 2002; Huang et al., 2003; Theron et al., 2005; Ma et al., 2005a)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Electrospinning: A Fascinating Method for the Preparation of Ultrathin Fibers

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Andreas Greiner¹, Joachim H. Wendorff¹•Institutions (1)

University of Marburg¹

23 Jul 2007-Angewandte Chemie

TL;DR: Electrospinning is a highly versatile method to process solutions or melts, mainly of polymers, into continuous fibers with diameters ranging from a few micrometers to a few nanometers, applicable to virtually every soluble or fusible polymer.

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Abstract: Electrospinning is a highly versatile method to process solutions or melts, mainly of polymers, into continuous fibers with diameters ranging from a few micrometers to a few nanometers. This technique is applicable to virtually every soluble or fusible polymer. The polymers can be chemically modified and can also be tailored with additives ranging from simple carbon-black particles to complex species such as enzymes, viruses, and bacteria. Electrospinning appears to be straightforward, but is a rather intricate process that depends on a multitude of molecular, process, and technical parameters. The method provides access to entirely new materials, which may have complex chemical structures. Electrospinning is not only a focus of intense academic investigation; the technique is already being applied in many technological areas.

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3,833 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Processing technologies for poly(lactic acid)

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Loong-Tak Lim¹, Rafael Auras², Maria Rubino²•Institutions (2)

University of Guelph¹, Michigan State University²

01 Aug 2008-Progress in Polymer Science

TL;DR: In this paper, structural, thermal, crystallization, and rheological properties of PLA are reviewed in relation to its converting processes, including extrusion, injection molding, injection stretch blow molding and casting.

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2,293 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Electroactive phases of poly(vinylidene fluoride) : determination, processing and applications

[...]

Pedro Martins¹, A. C. Lopes¹, Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez¹•Institutions (1)

University of Minho¹

01 Apr 2014-Progress in Polymer Science

TL;DR: In this article, the main characteristics of the electroactive phases of polyvinylidene fluoride and copolymers are summarized, and some interesting potential applications and processing challenges are discussed.

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2,242 citations

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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

Carbon Nanotubes--the Route Toward Applications

[...]

Ray H. Baughman, Anvar A. Zakhidov¹, Walt A. de Heer²•Institutions (2)

University of Texas at Dallas¹, Georgia Institute of Technology²

02 Aug 2002-Science

TL;DR: Many potential applications have been proposed for carbon nanotubes, including conductive and high-strength composites; energy storage and energy conversion devices; sensors; field emission displays and radiation sources; hydrogen storage media; and nanometer-sized semiconductor devices, probes, and interconnects.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Many potential applications have been proposed for carbon nanotubes, including conductive and high-strength composites; energy storage and energy conversion devices; sensors; field emission displays and radiation sources; hydrogen storage media; and nanometer-sized semiconductor devices, probes, and interconnects. Some of these applications are now realized in products. Others are demonstrated in early to advanced devices, and one, hydrogen storage, is clouded by controversy. Nanotube cost, polydispersity in nanotube type, and limitations in processing and assembly methods are important barriers for some applications of single-walled nanotubes.

...read moreread less

9,693 citations

"A review on polymer nanofibers by e..." refers background in this paper

...Several comprehensive reviews have summarized the researches done until very recently on these composites [5,98,112,150]....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Self-assembly at all scales.

[...]

George M. Whitesides¹, Bartosz A. Grzybowski¹•Institutions (1)

Harvard University¹

29 Mar 2002-Science

TL;DR: Self-assembling processes are common throughout nature and technology and involve components from the molecular to the planetary scale and many different kinds of interactions.

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Abstract: Self-assembly is the autonomous organization of components into patterns or structures without human intervention. Self-assembling processes are common throughout nature and technology. They involve components from the molecular (crystals) to the planetary (weather systems) scale and many different kinds of interactions. The concept of self-assembly is used increasingly in many disciplines, with a different flavor and emphasis in each.

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6,491 citations

"A review on polymer nanofibers by e..." refers background in this paper

...A number of processing techniques such as drawing [118], template synthesis [45,108], phase separation [106], self-assembly [104,161], electrospinning [29,49], etc....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Strength and breaking mechanism of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under tensile load

[...]

Min-Feng Yu¹, Oleg R. Lourie¹, Mark J. Dyer, Katerina Moloni², Thomas F. Kelly², Rodney S. Ruoff¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (2)

Washington University in St. Louis¹, University of Wisconsin-Madison²

28 Jan 2000-Science

TL;DR: The tensile strengths of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were measured with a "nanostressing stage" located within a scanning electron microscope and a variety of structures were revealed, such as a nanotube ribbon, a wave pattern, and partial radial collapse.

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Abstract: The tensile strengths of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were measured with a “nanostressing stage” located within a scanning electron microscope. The tensile-loading experiment was prepared and observed entirely within the microscope and was recorded on video. The MWCNTs broke in the outermost layer (“sword-in-sheath” failure), and the tensile strength of this layer ranged from 11 to 63 gigapascals for the set of 19 MWCNTs that were loaded. Analysis of the stress-strain curves for individual MWCNTs indicated that the Young's modulus E of the outermost layer varied from 270 to 950 gigapascals. Transmission electron microscopic examination of the broken nanotube fragments revealed a variety of structures, such as a nanotube ribbon, a wave pattern, and partial radial collapse.

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5,011 citations

"A review on polymer nanofibers by e..." refers methods in this paper

...[165] successfully used AFM cantilever tips to measure the tensile properties of individual multi-wall carbon nanotubes via a SEM....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Advances in the science and technology of carbon nanotubes and their composites: a review

[...]

Erik T. Thostenson¹, Zhifeng Ren², Tsu-Wei Chou¹•Institutions (2)

University of Delaware¹, Boston College²

01 Oct 2001-Composites Science and Technology

TL;DR: A review of recent advances in carbon nanotubes and their composites can be found in this article, where the authors examine the research work reported in the literature on the structure and processing of carbon Nanotubes.

...read moreread less

4,709 citations

"A review on polymer nanofibers by e..." refers background in this paper

...For instance, single carbon nanotube has a modulus as high as several thousands of GPa and a tensile strength of several tens of GPa [150]....
[...]
...Several comprehensive reviews have summarized the researches done until very recently on these composites [5,98,112,150]....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Nanobeam mechanics: Elasticity, strength, and toughness of nanorods and nanotubes

[...]

Eric W. Wong¹, Paul E. Sheehan¹, Charles M. Lieber¹•Institutions (1)

Harvard University¹

26 Sep 1997-Science

TL;DR: In this paper, the Young's modulus, strength, and toughness of nanostructures are evaluated using an atomic force microscopy (AFM) approach. And the results showed that the strength of the SiC NRs were substantially greater than those found previously for larger SiC structures, and they approach theoretical values.

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Abstract: The Young's modulus, strength, and toughness of nanostructures are important to proposed applications ranging from nanocomposites to probe microscopy, yet there is little direct knowledge of these key mechanical properties. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the mechanical properties of individual, structurally isolated silicon carbide (SiC) nanorods (NRs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) that were pinned at one end to molybdenum disulfide surfaces. The bending force was measured versus displacement along the unpinned lengths. The MWNTs were about two times as stiff as the SiC NRs. Continued bending of the SiC NRs ultimately led to fracture, whereas the MWNTs exhibited an interesting elastic buckling process. The strengths of the SiC NRs were substantially greater than those found previously for larger SiC structures, and they approach theoretical values. Because of buckling, the ultimate strengths of the stiffer MWNTs were less than those of the SiC NRs, although the MWNTs represent a uniquely tough, energy-absorbing material.

...read moreread less

4,627 citations

"A review on polymer nanofibers by e..." refers methods in this paper

...[160] obtained the bending strength and Young’s modulus of a carbon nanotube by deflecting one end of the tube with an AFM tip while keeping the other end fixed....
[...]