A review on potential usage of industrial waste materials for binding heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the research findings attempted in yester years for the removal of such metals from aqueous solutions by using waste materials from industries, such as blast furnace sludge, slag and flue dust, fly ash, black liquor lignin, and red mud.
Abstract: Presence of toxic and recalcitrant heavy metal ions in industrial effluents is a major environmental concern. These fatal metal ions are not only hazardous in exceeding concentrations but due to the property of biomagnification it is urgent to look for the plausible solutions. This review article is an attempt to gather the research findings attempted in yester years for the removal of such metals from aqueous solutions by using waste materials from industries, such as blast furnace sludge, slag and flue dust, fly ash, black liquor lignin, and red mud. Studies have been complied keeping various efficiency influencing parameters such as optimum dose, contact time, initial concentration of metal ions, and many more in consideration. This article also tries to summarize the various problems and shortcoming of the work carried so far and attempts to explore the feasible suggestions.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a sketch about treatment technologies followed by their heavy metal capture capacity from industrial effluent, the treatment performance, their remediation capacity and probable environmental and health impacts were deliberated in this review article.
Abstract: The controversy related to the environment pollution is increasing in human life and in the eco-system. Especially, the water pollution is growing rapidly due to the wastewater discharge from the industries. The only way to find the new water resource is the reuse of treated wastewater. Several remediation technologies are available which provides a convenience to reuse the reclaimed wastewater. Heavy metals like Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, Hg, etc. contributes various environmental problems based on their toxicity. These toxic metals are exposed to human and environment, the accumulation of ions takes place which causes serious health and environmental hazards. Hence, it is a major concern in the environment. Due to this concern, the significance of developing technology for removing heavy metals has been increased. This paper contributes the outline of new literature with two objectives. First, it provides the sketch about treatment technologies followed by their heavy metal capture capacity from industrial effluent. The treatment performance, their remediation capacity and probable environmental and health impacts were deliberated in this review article. Conclusively, this review paper furnishes the information about the important methods incorporated in lab scale studies which are required to identify the feasible and convenient wastewater treatment. Moreover, attempts have been made to confer the emphasis on sequestration of heavy metals from industrial effluent and establish the scientific background for reducing the discharge of heavy metals into the environment.
1,040 citations
Cites background from "A review on potential usage of indu..."
...trodialysis, precipitation [63], microbial system, the electrochemical process [64], an advanced oxidation process and membrane bioreactors [61] are better challenging and assuring techniques available for the disposal of heavy metals....
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...4 Electrochemical treatment Efficient for the removal of important metal ions, low chemical usage Initial investment is high, need high electrical supply, [64]...
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...1 Coagulation Cost effective, Dewatering qualities Generation of sludge, Utilization of chemicals is high [64]...
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of different treatment methods for removing heavy metals from the aquatic environment with a different degree of success has been presented, and the distinctive sorts of treatment strategies for the removal of the toxic metals from wastewater had been explained.
742 citations
TL;DR: An extensive review of current studies on the process, principles, and setups of electrodialysis (ED) technology is given to deliver a comprehensive collection of all the main findings published on this technology so far as discussed by the authors.
407 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss some of the most recent and relevant findings related to the release of heavy metals, the possible risks for the environment and human health, the materials and technologies available for their removal.
Abstract: Water pollution is one of the global challenges that society must address in the 21st century aiming to improve water quality and reduce human and ecosystem health impacts. Industrialization, climate change, and expansion of urban areas produce a variety of water pollutants. In this work, we discuss some of the most recent and relevant findings related to the release of heavy metals, the possible risks for the environment and human health, the materials and technologies available for their removal. Anthropogenic activities are identified as the main source of the increasing amounts of heavy metals found in aquatic environments. Some of the health hazards derived from repeated exposure to traces of heavy metals, including lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, are outlined. We also give some perspectives about several techniques used to detect heavy metals, as well as about the factors that could affect the contaminant removal. The advantages and drawbacks of conventional and non-conventional heavy metal removal methods are critically discussed, given particular attention to those related to adsorption, nanostructured materials and plant-mediated remediation. Some of the commercial products currently used to eliminate heavy metals from water are also listed. Finally, we point out some the requirements and opportunities linked to developing efficient methods for heavy metal removal, such as the ones that exploit nanotechnologies.
294 citations
TL;DR: Future research should focus on the enhancement of geopolymer performance, testing on pollutants other than heavy metals and dyes, and verification on real wastewater in continuous operation.
275 citations
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Book•
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a treatise on lignin sifts and knowledge accumulated from over a century of thought on nature's most enigmatic polymer and presents a workable, logical text.
Abstract: This treatise on lignin sifts and weighs knowledge accumulated from over a century of thought on nature's most enigmatic polymer and presents a workable, logical text. The volume is organized into nine parts comprising 19 chapters. After a short introduction in which terms and concepts are defined, the occurrence and formation of lignins in plants and their differentiation and distribution are described. -- AATA
1,569 citations
TL;DR: It is indicated that lignin is relatively non-reactive and probably the component of lignocellulosic precursors primarily responsible for the microporosity of activated carbons.
955 citations
TL;DR: Fly ash and red mud have been employed as adsorbents for the removal of a typical basic dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution and it is found that fly ash generally shows higher adsorption capacity than red mud.
825 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption of copper and lead ions onto tea waste from aqueous solutions was studied to enable comparison with alternative commonly available absorbents, and the equilibrium data were satisfactorily fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms.
767 citations
TL;DR: The percent adsorption increased with increase in pH from 2 to 6 and remained constant up to 10 and the resulting carbon is expected to be an economical product for the removal of toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewaters.
750 citations