Journal ArticleDOI
A Review on the Kaolinite-Mullite Transformation
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TLDR
In this article, the transformation of kaolinite to mullite is reviewed and the thermal effects observed during the transformation and the phases which accompany these effects are discussed in the light of the existing concepts.Abstract:
The transformation of kaolinite to mullite is reviewed. The thermal effects observed during the transformation and the phases which accompany these effects are discussed in the light of the existing concepts. The chemical, thermal, X-ray, electron-optical, infrared, orientational and crystallographic evidences are advanced to reveal the nature of the intermediate phases and to establish the course of the transformation reaction. Strong evidences exist in favour of Al-Si spinel and γ-Al2O3 as the precursor of mullite formation. The formation of γ-Al2O3 phase finds support in the recent ir, r.e.d. and X-ray fluorescence studies whereas the formation of Al-Si spinel phase is necessary to maintain the structural continuity of the phases from kaolinite to mullite as shown by the single crystal X-ray studies. The transformation follows the sequence:read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mullitisation behaviour of calcined clay-alumina mixtures
TL;DR: In this article, the X-ray diffraction and micro-structural analysis were carried out to understand the mullitisation behavior of three south Indian calcined clays with three different alumina sources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phase‐Pure Mullite from Kaolinite
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of carbonate mineralizers at the above temperatures was evaluated using XRD and SEM techniques, and a comparative study of phase formation of the above compositions showed that the sodium-and calcium-fluxed samples give rise to multiphase systems, while K 2 CO 3 incorporated samples give phase-pure mullite.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Mineralogy-Based Anthropogenic Combustion-Iron Emission Inventory
Sagar D. Rathod,Sagar D. Rathod,Douglas S. Hamilton,Natalie M. Mahowald,Zbigniew Klimont,James J. Corbett,Tami C. Bond,Tami C. Bond +7 more
Book ChapterDOI
Abrasive Tools and Bonding Systems
Abstract: The manufacture of high performance grinding wheels is heavily dependent upon the selecting the correct abrasive grain in terms of cutting ability, fracturing ability and the shape of the grain that controls metal removal rate, dressing interval, coolant delivery to the wheel-workpiece interface and chip evacuation. This chapter explains the recent developments in abrasive grains and bonding systems and should allow the reader to better select the correct abrasive grain and bonding system to economically machine materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Bi2O3 on phase formation and microstructure evolution of mullite ceramics from mechanochemically activated oxide mixtures
Zhuohao Xiao,Xianglin Li,Shijin Yu,Shijin Yu,Xin-Yuan Sun,Xiuying Li,Min Wu,Chuanhu Wang,Tianshu Zhang,Sean Li,Ling Bing Kong,Ling Bing Kong +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of Bi 2 O 3 and processing on the morphology development of mullite ceramics, derived from the mechanochemically activated mixture of Al 2O 3 and SiO 2, were investigated.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Kaolinite‐Mullite Reaction Series: IV, The Coordination of Aluminum
TL;DR: In this article, the state of coordination of Al atoms is determined by the AlKα emission wave length and a clear distinction can be made between Al atoms in fourfold and in sixfold coordination to oxygen and nitrogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Infrared spectra of some rock forming minerals
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential Thermal Calorimetric Determination of the Thermodynamic Properties of Kaolinite
TL;DR: In this article, four samples of kaolinite were investigated to determine the exothermic reaction enthalpy by differential thermal calorimetry, and it was tentatively suggested that most of the heat release at 980°C on firing kaolin was due to the reaction SiO2(amorphous) → SiO 2(β-quartz).
Journal ArticleDOI
Electron Microscope Studies of MuIIite Development in Fired KaoIinites
TL;DR: In this article, the surface texture of poorly crystallized and well-crystallized kaolinites after firing to various temperatures between 850° and 1200°C was used for phase identification.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Electron‐Optical Data on the Kaolinite‐Mullite Transformation
TL;DR: A technique for preparing fired kaolinites for examination by electron diffraction and electron microscopy was described in this article, where specimens fired on platinum foil at 850° and 950°C were etched while on the foil in 10% sodium hydroxide for 1 week and were then removed by a two-stage collodion-carbon replica.
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