A Role for Kisspeptins in the Regulation of Gonadotropin Secretion in the Mouse
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Cites background from "A Role for Kisspeptins in the Regul..."
...Kisspeptins for example, a family of peptides derived from the metastasis suppressor gene Kiss-1, were shown to enhance hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion via the GPR54 receptor (137, 220, 472), and genetic inactivation of GPR54 in mice or mutation in humans causes hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (137, 196, 220, 575)....
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Cites background or methods from "A Role for Kisspeptins in the Regul..."
...…central administration of kisspeptin into the brain produces an extraordinarily potent inductive effect on GnRH release and, consequently, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion (Gottsch et al., 2004; Irwig et al., 2004; Messager et al., 2005; Navarro et al., 2005a,b)....
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...Kisspeptin-10, which comprises the 10 amino acids at the C terminus of the full-length kisspeptin peptide, has the same potency as kisspeptin-52, the secreted peptide, in stimulating the GPR54 receptor in vitro (Muir et al., 2001) and in evoking LH secretion in vivo (Gottsch et al., 2004)....
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...Single-label (KiSS-1 mRNA) and double-label (GPR54 mRNA/GnRH mRNA) in situ hybridization was performed as described previously (Gottsch et al., 2004; Irwig et al., 2004)....
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...This corroborates the extraordinarily potent effects of nanomolar to femtomolar doses of kisspeptin on gonadotropin secretion in vivo (Gottsch et al., 2004; Thompson et al., 2004; Navarro et al., 2005a)....
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...Freehand intracerebroventricular injections in the lateral cerebral ventricle were performed as described previously (Gottsch et al., 2004)....
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873 citations
Cites methods from "A Role for Kisspeptins in the Regul..."
...Signal-to-background ratios (SBRs) for individual cells were calculated; an individual cell was considered to be double-labeled if it had an SBR of 3 or more. For each animal, the amount of double-labeling was calculated as a percentage of the total number of GnRH-mRNA-expressing cells and then averaged across animals to produce mean ± SEM. Experiment 4: Steroid Regulation of KiSS-1 mRNA Expression Animal and Tissue Preparation. Rats (n = 3 per group) were either left intact or castrated under ketamine (100 mg/ml)/xylazine (20 mg/ml) anesthesia (5.0:1.6 ratio). Seven days later, the animals were euthanized with CO 2 , quickly decapitated, and brains were removed and frozen on dry ice. Sections in the coronal plane (20 μm) from the rostral-caudal extent of the arcuate nucleus were cut on a cryostat, thaw-mounted onto SuperFrost Plus slides, and stored at –80°C. Radiolabeled KiSS-1 cRNA Riboprobe. Antisense and sense mouse KiSS-1 probes were generated as previously described [...
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References
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"A Role for Kisspeptins in the Regul..." refers background in this paper
...Together, these observations argue that the hypogonadism in humans and mice with dysfunctional or deletional mutations in GPR54 is attributable to a central defect (7)....
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