A rule to predict which enantiomer of a secondary alcohol reacts faster in reactions catalyzed by cholesterol esterase, lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia, and lipase from Candida rugosa
About: This article is published in Journal of Organic Chemistry.The article was published on 1991-04-01. It has received 870 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Lipase & Candida rugosa.
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TL;DR: Three-dimensional structures of bacterial lipases were solved to understand the catalytic mechanism of lipase reactions and will enable researchers to tailor new lipases for biotechnological applications.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract Bacteria produce and secrete lipases, which can catalyze both the hydrolysis and the synthesis of long-chain acylglycerols. These reactions usually proceed with high regioselectivity and enantioselectivity, and, therefore, lipases have become very important stereoselective biocatalysts used in organic chemistry. High-level production of these biocatalysts requires the understanding of the mechanisms underlying gene expression, folding, and secretion. Transcription of lipase genes may be regulated by quorum sensing and two-component systems; secretion can proceed either via the Sec-dependent general secretory pathway or via ABC transporters. In addition, some lipases need folding catalysts such as the lipase-specific foldases and disulfide-bond–forming proteins to achieve a secretion-competent conformation. Three-dimensional structures of bacterial lipases were solved to understand the catalytic mechanism of lipase reactions. Structural characteristics include an α/β hydrolase fold, a catalytic ...
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TL;DR: Enzyme condition promiscuity has, for a long time, been used to run reactions under conditions of low water activity that favor ester synthesis instead of hydrolysis and has begun to be recognized as a valuable research and synthesis tool.
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