Journal Article•
A Simulation Tool for Ultrasonic Inspection
01 Jun 2006-Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing (The Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing)-Vol. 26, Iss: 3, pp 153-161
TL;DR: In this article, a simulation program SIMULTSONIC is developed at CNDE to help determine and/or help optimize ultrasonic probe locations for inspection of complex components, such as very thin-walled pipes.
Abstract: A simulation program SIMULTSONIC is under development at CNDE to help determine and/or help optimize ultrasonic probe locations for inspection of complex components. SIMULTSONIC provides a ray-trace based assessment for immersion and contact modes of inspection. The code written in Visual C++ operating in Microsoft Windows environment provides an interactive user interface. In this paper, a description of the various features of SIMULTSONIC is given followed by examples illustrating the capability of SIMULTSONIC to deal with inspection of canonical objects such as pipes. In particular, the use of SIMULTSONIC in the inspection of very thin-walled pipes (with 450 urn wall thickness) is described. Ray trace based assessment was done using SIMULTSONIC to determine the standoff distance and the angle of oblique incidence for an immersion mode focused transducer. A 3-cycle Hanning window pulse was chosen for simulations. Experiments were carried out to validate the simulations. The A-scans and the associated B-Scan images obtained through simulations show good correlation with experimental results, both with the arrival time of the signal as well as with the signal amplitudes.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported experimental sizing of fatigue crack profiles initiated from artificially made circumferential starter notches in stainless steel pipes of 169 mm outer diameter and 14.33 mm thickness, which were subjected to cyclic bending loads in a four point bending load arrangement using two nondestractive evaluation (NDE) methods: (a) phased array ultrasonic technique and (b) alternating current potential drop technique.
Abstract: This paper reports experimental sizing of fatigue crack profiles that are initiated from artificially made circumferential starter notches in stainless steel pipes of 169 mm outer diameter and 14.33 mm thickness, which were subjected to cyclic bending loads in a four point bending load arrangement using two nondestractive evaluation (NDE) methods: (a) phased array ultrasonic technique and (b) alternating current potential drop technique. The crack growth estimated using the two NDE techniques were compared with the beach marks that were present in the fracture surface. A simulation study using the ray tracing method was carried out to model the ultrasonic wave propagation in the test specimen, and the results were compared with the experimental results.
11 citations
28 Mar 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of calculations based on 2D FDTD to determine the response of rectangular shaped surface breaking defe... and show that FDTD is an explicit time domain tool that can simulate pulse propagation characteristics in acoustic and elastic media.
Abstract: The 2006 ultrasonic benchmark problem involves pulse‐echo angle beam scanning of a notch located on an inclined planar back surface. The response from a side‐drilled hole is to be used as a reference. The models are to simulate (a) the peak‐to‐peak B‐scan P‐ and SV‐ responses of the slots normalized by the appropriate SDH response and (b) the maximum peak‐to‐peak corner response of the slots (either mode‐converted or not). At CNDE, several simulation tools are being developed to assess/predict UT response for various geometries. The Finite‐Difference‐Time‐Difference (FDTD) scheme is one such simulation tool that has been under development in 1D, 2D and 3D. The FDTD is an explicit time domain tool that can simulate pulse propagation characteristics in acoustic/elastic media. The computational domain is limited by implementing Perfectly Matched Layers (PMLs) at the domain boundaries. We present the results of calculations based on 2D FDTD to determine the response of rectangular shaped surface‐breaking defe...
Cites methods from "A Simulation Tool for Ultrasonic In..."
...SIMULTSONIC is a ray-based tool that provides a quick assessment of the time of flight of primary as well as mode converted signals in complex geometries [2], [3]....
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...Signal strengths are evaluated using a simple beam model [3]....
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References
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Book•
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the physical fundamentals of ultrasonics and materials up to the most sophisticated methods for nondestructive testing of solid material using ultrasonic waves for defects such as cavities, nonbonding, and strength variations.
Abstract: Nondestructive testing of solid material using ultrasonic waves, for defects such as cavities, nonbonding, and strength variations, is treated in this book from the physical fundamentals of ultrasonics and materials up to the most sophisticated methods. The book is written at a level which should make it accessible to readers with some knowledge of technical mathematics. Physical laws are explained in elementary terms, and more sophisticated treatments are also indicated. After the fundamentals, instrumentation and its application is extensively reported. Tricks and observations from thirty years of experience in the field are included. The third part of the book presents test problems related to special materials or ranges of modern heavy industry, including recent applications such as those in nuclear power plants. This fourth edition features improved presentation of certain fundamental physical facts, updated reports on electronic instrumentation, and new applications in the nuclear and space industries.
1,751 citations
Patent•
01 Aug 1986TL;DR: An ultrasonic apparatus for testing a material comprises an oscillator (10) which generates a selected frequency in the ultrasonic range, and a transducer (1) is connected to the oscillator for applying an ultrasonic signal to the material and for receiving an echo signal back from the material.
Abstract: An ultrasonic apparatus for testing a material comprises an oscillator (10) which generates a selected frequency in the ultrasonic range. A transducer (1) is connected to the oscillator (10) for applying an ultrasonic signal to the material and for receiving an echo signal back from the material. A phase detector (5) receives the echo signal and an in-phase oscillator signal to generate a first display signal, and a phase detector (6) receives a quadrature signal (90° out of phase from the oscillator signal) and the echo signal to generate a second display signal. The first and second display signals are utilised in a visual display, such as a cathode ray tube (8), to generate an image. The image changes according to the phase shift between the ultrasonic signal transmitted into the material and the echo signal, which, in turn, can be utilised to determine the presence and depth of a flaw or boundary in the material.
1,017 citations
01 Jan 1998
333 citations
"A Simulation Tool for Ultrasonic In..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Beam models have been and are being developed to predict transducer field patterns in single media and in cases involving two media separated by a flat or curved surface [1-7]....
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...Even in ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation, several raybased assessments have been and are being developed [5]....
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Book•
01 Jan 1981
233 citations
"A Simulation Tool for Ultrasonic In..." refers background in this paper
...While it is known that rays cannot model diffraction effects, it is a well-established practice to combine the results from geometric theory of diffraction (GTD) with the ray picture to provide a reasonable model of diffraction phenomena [11]....
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TL;DR: It is shown how a systematic use of a matrix representation for the wave front curvature and for its transformations simplifies the handling of arbitrary pencils and, consequently, the field computations.
60 citations
"A Simulation Tool for Ultrasonic In..." refers methods in this paper
...Beam models have been and are being developed to predict transducer field patterns in single media and in cases involving two media separated by a flat or curved surface [1-7]....
[...]