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...In Africa, Murenzi (2011) reported that PLWHA, particularly women (Smit et al., 2006), engage in insufficient PA, which may be related to low socioeconomic status (SES) (Economic and Social Research Council, 2014)....
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Including constructs, such as selfefficacy, participant exercise preferences and social support, can help PLWHA of low SES to adopt regular physical activity, and can serve as adjunct therapy for the management of HIV and AIDS.
increased perceived enjoyment of physical activity may result in increased self-efficacy, which may lead to a greater prospect of increasing physical activity behaviour (Lewis et al., 2016).
Aerobic and strength training improve the profile of lymphocytes (O’Brien, Nixon, Glazier, & Tynan, 2004), body composition, muscle strength and quality of life (Spence, Galantino, Mossberg, & Zimmerman, 1990).
In Africa, Murenzi (2011) reported that PLWHA, particularly women (Smit et al., 2006), engage in insufficient PA, which may be related to low socioeconomic status (SES) (Economic and Social Research Council, 2014).
An information session and information sheets were used to inform participants about the study, and participant written informed consent was obtained.
educating participants on where to find safe environments to walk very likely assisted them to be more physically active (Tuso, 2015).
Participants needed to be between 18 and 65 years, HIV positive, as confirmed through medical records, and cleared on the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q).
Height was measured with a stadiometer, and body weight using a calibrated weight scale with participants wearing minimal clothing.
The PA intervention group received logbooks for recording daily PA, and a PA manual with information on home-based exercise activities, the benefits and barriers to PA, and strategies for improving exercise self-efficacy.
Amongst people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), physical activity (PA) is associated with improvements in mental and physical well-being (Fillipas, Cicuttini, Holland, & Cherry, 2013; MacArthur, Levine, & Birk, 1993; Neidig, Smith, & Brashers, 2003).
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a six week contextualised intervention aimed at increasing physical activity and self-efficacy for physical activity among HIV positive women of low SES.
Similar to this study, Webel and colleagues included PA self-monitoring, goal-setting, inclusion of physical activity into activities of daily living, social support and strategies for overcoming barriers to engaging in physical activity, such as the effective use of personal time.
The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 37.57 (8.64) years, height was 1.61 (0.06) m, weight was 84.52 (22.48) kg, and BMI was 32.21 (7.89) kg.m−2.
Compared to standard care, participants in the physical activity intervention, informed by SCT and TTM, had significant increases in total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, total weekly steps and self-efficacy for physical activity.
Moore, Hanson, and Salata (2013) reported that participants increased their physical activity by 300 MET-minutes per week compared to the standard care group.
Theories assist the researcher to identify the most effective behaviour change techniques (Glanz, Burke, & Rimer, 2011) and form the base for the development of evidence-based interventions (Sparling et al., 2000).
http://repository.uwc.ac.za4http://repository.uwc.ac.za5The results for SOC showed two participants in the precontemplative stage, 11 in the contemplative stage, four in the preparatory stage and one in the action stage.