A Solid-State Chemistry Approach to Sense Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Environment Using Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
25 May 2016-IEEE Sensors Journal (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.)-Vol. 16, Iss: 18, pp 6821-6827
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a solid-state functionalization of single-wall carbon nanotubes with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and showed that the molecular diffusion is directly linked with the availability of delocalized pi-electrons of PAHs.
Abstract: Solid-state functionalization of single-wall carbon nanotubes with hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, is a potent viable approach for not only the characterization of new nano-structured materials but also the detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at nanoscale. The proposed green functionalization process paves an insight that the molecular diffusion is directly linked with the availability of delocalized pi-electrons of hydrocarbons. The observation paves an important clue to design polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sensor at solid phase.
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4,639 citations
"A Solid-State Chemistry Approach to..." refers background in this paper
...Aromatic compounds interact strongly with graphitic sidewalls of SWNTs through π-π stacking [7], [8]....
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TL;DR: Single-walled carbon nanotubes are molecular wires that exhibit interesting structural, mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical properties that make for an ideal miniaturized sensor.
Abstract: Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are molecular wires that exhibit interesting structural, mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical properties. 1-3 A SWNT is unique among solidstate materials in that every atom is on the surface. Surface chemistry could therefore be critical to the physical properties of SWNTs and their applications. 3-10 SWNT sidewall functionalization is important to soluble nanotubes, 4-6 self-assembly on surfaces, and chemical sensors. 8-10 For these purposes, it is imperative to functionalize the sidewalls of SWNTs in noncovalent ways to preserve the sp 2 nanotube structure and thus their electronic characteristics. Immobilization of biomolecules on carbon nanotubes has been pursued in the past, motivated by the prospects of using nanotubes as new types of biosensor materials. 11-15 The electronic properties of nanotubes coupled with the specific recognition properties of the immobilized biosystems would indeed make for an ideal miniaturized sensor. A prerequisite for research in this area is the development of chemical methods to immobilize biological molecules onto carbon nanotubes in a reliable manner. Thus far, only limited work has been carried out with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). 11-15 Metallothionein proteins were trapped inside and placed onto the outer surfaces of open-ended MWNTs.11-14 Streptavidin was found to adsorb on MWNTs presumably via hydrophobic interactions between the nanotubes and hydrophobic domains of the proteins. 15 DNA molecules adsorbed on MWNTs via nonspecific interactions were also observed. 12-14
2,516 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simple process to solubilize high weight fraction single-wall carbon nanotubes in water by nonspecific physical adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was reported.
Abstract: We report a simple process to solubilize high weight fraction single-wall carbon nanotubes in water by the nonspecific physical adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. The diameter distribution of nanotubes in the dispersion, measured by atomic force microscopy, showed that even at 20 mg/mL ∼63 ± 5% of single-wall carbon nanotube bundles exfoliated into single tubes. A measure of the length distribution of the nanotubes showed that our dispersion technique reduced nanotube fragmentation.
1,829 citations
"A Solid-State Chemistry Approach to..." refers background in this paper
...It results solubilization of SWNTs in different aromatic solvents [9], [10] or surfactants [11], [12] or polymers [13]–[17]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a general thermodynamic drive for this wrapping is discussed, wherein the polymer disrupts both the hydrophobic interface with water and the smooth tube-tube interactions in aggregates.
1,770 citations
TL;DR: Representative results concerning the solubility, dispersion, defunctionalization, and optical properties of the functionalized carbon nanotubes are presented.
Abstract: Carbon nanotubes can be functionalized via amidation and esterification of the nanotube-bound carboxylic acids. The solubility of these functionalized carbon nanotubes makes it possible to characterize and study the properties of carbon nanotubes using solution-based techniques. Representative results concerning the solubility, dispersion, defunctionalization, and optical properties of the functionalized carbon nanotubes are presented. Several examples for the use of functionalized carbon nanotubes in the fabrication of polymeric carbon nanocomposites, the probing of nanotube-molecule interactions, and the conjugation with biological species are highlighted and discussed.
1,542 citations
"A Solid-State Chemistry Approach to..." refers background in this paper
...THE solubilization of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in different solvents [1] including organic solvents [2] is of great interest for nanotube manipulation....
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