A study of CSRR loaded microstrip antenna for multiband applications
01 Dec 2015-pp 1-2
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of CSRR on single and multiple complementary strip ring resonator (CSRR) loaded microstrip patch antennas (MPA's) and compared the obtain results with without CSRR patch.
Abstract: This paper investigates the study of single and multiple complementary strip ring resonator (CSRR) loaded microstrip patch antennas (MPA's). Three different designs with CSRR loaded MPA's are examined and compared the obtain results with without CSRR patch. The miniaturization of MPA and multi band frequency resonance was observed with the increasing number of CSRR's on patches of the designs. The design-1 is resonant at frequency 5.5GHz, the design-2 is resonant at frequency 5.27GHz, the design-3 is resonant at two frequencies 5.16 & 7.12GHz and the design-4 is resonant at four frequencies 4.65, 5.04, 5.84 & 7.85GHz respectively. The surface current distributions and radiation patterns of four designs are studied.
Citations
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19 May 2021
TL;DR: In this article, an asymmetrical triangular slot fed by a coplanar waveguide with stair-step impedance and a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is applied to control the operating frequency of 1.575 GHz, while the triangular slot will control the frequency of 2.45 GHz and 5.5 GHz.
Abstract: Impedance matching optimization based on the CSRR load technique neighboring a triangular slot is present. This antenna comprises an asymmetrical triangular slot fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) with stair-step impedance and a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR). The CSRR is applied to control the operating frequency of 1.575 GHz, while the triangular slot will control the frequency of 2.45 GHz and 5.5 GHz. In the simulation, the antenna can support the operating frequency of 1.575 GHz, 2.45 GHz, and 5.5 GHz for GPS and WLAN IEEE802.11 a/b/g application. Moreover, the antenna size is compact with a dimension of 51.3 mm x 44 mm. The 2-D radiation pattern is omnidirectional at the operating frequency of 1.575 GHz and 2.45 GHz and directional at the operating frequency of 5.5 GHz. However, the peak gain of the antenna is approximate 2 dBi.
10 Jul 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , a patch antenna is defected with an array of differently sized split ring resonators, and the ground plane of the antenna is replaced by a split-ring resonator.
Abstract: Recently, there has been a significant amount of research on the use of split-ring resonators (SRRs) for their implementation in wave guides, antennas, and transmission lines for filtering, miniaturization, and sensing. In the design of the split ring resonators in transmission lines and antennas, there is not a clear technique that directly equates the dimensions of the SRRs to the equivalent circuit shown in literature. This paper investigates the change in S 11 of a patch antenna when the ground plane of the antenna is defected with an array differently sized split ring resonators.
01 Dec 2016
TL;DR: In this article, a key-shaped patch antenna is proposed for aviation purpose and can also be used by International Broadcast stations, which offers a dual band resonance at 10.05 GHz and 21.68 GHz with respective peak gains of 34 dBi and 22.6 dBi offering bandwidths of 93 MHz and 3.47 GHz respectively.
Abstract: This paper proposes the design of a similar key shaped patch antenna intended for aviation purpose and can also be used by International Broadcast stations. The design uses a FR4 epoxy substrate having a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The numerous advantages offered by the utilized probe feeding technique includes simple fabrication and easy match, provides low spurious radiations and is simple to matching by controlling the position. The antenna offers a dual band resonance at 10.05 GHz and 21.68 GHz with respective peak gains of 34 dBi and 22.6 dBi offering bandwidths of 93 MHz and 3.47 GHz respectively. The 93 MHz can thus be used for broadcasting, standard time and frequency signal (10 MHz), space research and aeronautical mobile while the 3.47 GHz bandwidth on the other hand can be used for fixed mobile, amateur satellite, broadcasting, aeronautical mobile and maritime mobile.
Cites background from "A study of CSRR loaded microstrip a..."
...The CSRR loaded MPA for multiband applications in [3] discusses design 1 resonant at 5....
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DOI•
10 Jul 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the change in S11 of a patch antenna when the ground plane of the antenna is defected with an array differently sized split ring resonators.
Abstract: Recently, there has been a significant amount of research on the use of split-ring resonators (SRRs) for their implementation in wave guides, antennas, and transmission lines for filtering, miniaturization, and sensing. In the design of the split ring resonators in transmission lines and antennas, there is not a clear technique that directly equates the dimensions of the SRRs to the equivalent circuit shown in literature. This paper investigates the change in S11 of a patch antenna when the ground plane of the antenna is defected with an array differently sized split ring resonators.
References
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11 Nov 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define Metamaterials (MTMs) and Left-Handed (LH) MTMs as a class of two-dimensional MTMs.
Abstract: Preface. Acknowledgments. Acronyms. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Definition of Metamaterials (MTMs) and Left-Handed (LH) MTMs. 1.2 Theoretical Speculation by Viktor Veselago. 1.3 Experimental Demonstration of Left-Handedness. 1.4 Further Numerical and Experimental Confirmations. 1.5 "Conventional" Backward Waves and Novelty of LH MTMs. 1.6 Terminology. 1.7 Transmission Line (TL) Approach. 1.8 Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) MTMs. 1.9 MTMs and Photonic Band-Gap (PBG) Structures. 1.10 Historical "Germs" of MTMs. References. 2 Fundamentals of LH MTMs. 2.1 Left-Handedness from Maxwell's Equations. 2.2 Entropy Conditions in Dispersive Media. 2.3 Boundary Conditions. 2.4 Reversal of Doppler Effect. 2.5 Reversal of Vavilov- Cerenkov Radiation. 2.6 Reversal of Snell's Law: Negative Refraction. 2.7 Focusing by a "Flat LH Lens". 2.8 Fresnel Coefficients. 2.9 Reversal of Goos-H anchen Effect. 2.10 Reversal of Convergence and Divergence in Convex and Concave Lenses. 2.11 Subwavelength Diffraction. References. 3 TLTheoryofMTMs. 3.1 Ideal Homogeneous CRLH TLs. 3.1.1 Fundamental TL Characteristics. 3.1.2 Equivalent MTM Constitutive Parameters. 3.1.3 Balanced and Unbalanced Resonances. 3.1.4 Lossy Case. 3.2 LC Network Implementation. 3.2.1 Principle. 3.2.2 Difference with Conventional Filters. 3.2.3 Transmission Matrix Analysis. 3.2.4 Input Impedance. 3.2.5 Cutoff Frequencies. 3.2.6 Analytical Dispersion Relation. 3.2.7 Bloch Impedance. 3.2.8 Effect of Finite Size in the Presence of Imperfect Matching. 3.3 Real Distributed 1D CRLH Structures. 3.3.1 General Design Guidelines. 3.3.2 Microstrip Implementation. 3.3.3 Parameters Extraction. 3.4 Experimental Transmission Characteristics. 3.5 Conversion from Transmission Line to Constitutive Parameters. References. 4 Two-Dimensional MTMs. 4.1 Eigenvalue Problem. 4.1.1 General Matrix System. 4.1.2 CRLH Particularization. 4.1.3 Lattice Choice, Symmetry Points, Brillouin Zone, and 2D Dispersion Representations. 4.2 Driven Problem by the Transmission Matrix Method (TMM). 4.2.1 Principle of the TMM. 4.2.2 Scattering Parameters. 4.2.3 Voltage and Current Distributions. 4.2.4 Interest and Limitations of the TMM. 4.3 Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) Modeling Method. 4.3.1 TLM Modeling of the Unloaded TL Host Network. 4.3.2 TLM Modeling of the Loaded TL Host Network (CRLH). 4.3.3 Relationship between Material Properties and the TLM Model Parameters. 4.3.4 Suitability of the TLM Approach for MTMs. 4.4 Negative Refractive Index (NRI) Effects. 4.4.1 Negative Phase Velocity. 4.4.2 Negative Refraction. 4.4.3 Negative Focusing. 4.4.4 RH-LH Interface Surface Plasmons. 4.4.5 Reflectors with Unusual Properties. 4.5 Distributed 2D Structures. 4.5.1 Description of Possible Structures. 4.5.2 Dispersion and Propagation Characteristics. 4.5.3 Parameter Extraction. 4.5.4 Distributed Implementation of the NRI Slab. References. 5 Guided-Wave Applications. 5.1 Dual-Band Components. 5.1.1 Dual-Band Property of CRLH TLs. 5.1.2 Quarter-Wavelength TL and Stubs. 5.1.3 Passive Component Examples: Quadrature Hybrid and Wilkinson Power Divider. 5.1.3.1 Quadrature Hybrid. 5.1.3.2 Wilkinson Power Divider. 5.1.4 Nonlinear Component Example: Quadrature Subharmonically Pumped Mixer. 5.2 Enhanced-Bandwidth Components. 5.2.1 Principle of Bandwidth Enhancement. 5.2.2 Rat-Race Coupler Example. 5.3 Super-compact Multilayer "Vertical" TL. 5.3.1 "Vertical" TL Architecture. 5.3.2 TL Performances. 5.3.3 Diplexer Example. 5.4 Tight Edge-Coupled Coupled-Line Couplers (CLCs). 5.4.1 Generalities on Coupled-Line Couplers. 5.4.1.1 TEM and Quasi-TEM Symmetric Coupled-Line Structures with Small Interspacing: Impedance Coupling (IC). 5.4.1.2 Non-TEM Symmetric Coupled-Line Structures with Relatively Large Spacing: Phase Coupling (PC). 5.4.1.3 Summary on Symmetric Coupled-Line Structures. 5.4.1.4 Asymmetric Coupled-Line Structures. 5.4.1.5 Advantages of MTM Couplers. 5.4.2 Symmetric Impedance Coupler. 5.4.3 Asymmetric Phase Coupler. 5.5 Negative and Zeroth-Order Resonator. 5.5.1 Principle. 5.5.2 LC Network Implementation. 5.5.3 Zeroth-Order Resonator Characteristics. 5.5.4 Circuit Theory Verification. 5.5.5 Microstrip Realization. References. 6 Radiated-Wave Applications. 6.1 Fundamental Aspects of Leaky-Wave Structures. 6.1.1 Principle of Leakage Radiation. 6.1.2 Uniform and Periodic Leaky-Wave Structures. 6.1.2.1 Uniform LW Structures. 6.1.2.2 Periodic LW Structures. 6.1.3 Metamaterial Leaky-Wave Structures. 6.2 Backfire-to-Endfire (BE) Leaky-Wave (LW) Antenna. 6.3 Electronically Scanned BE LW Antenna. 6.3.1 Electronic Scanning Principle. 6.3.2 Electronic Beamwidth Control Principle. 6.3.3 Analysis of the Structure and Results. 6.4 Reflecto-Directive Systems. 6.4.1 Passive Retro-Directive Reflector. 6.4.2 Arbitrary-Angle Frequency Tuned Reflector. 6.4.3 Arbitrary-Angle Electronically Tuned Reflector. 6.5 Two-Dimensional Structures. 6.5.1 Two-Dimensional LW Radiation. 6.5.2 Conical-Beam Antenna. 6.5.3 Full-Space Scanning Antenna. 6.6 Zeroth Order Resonating Antenna. 6.7 Dual-Band CRLH-TL Resonating Ring Antenna. 6.8 Focusing Radiative "Meta-Interfaces". 6.8.1 Heterodyne Phased Array. 6.8.2 Nonuniform Leaky-Wave Radiator. References. 7 The Future of MTMs. 7.1 "Real-Artificial" Materials: the Challenge of Homogenization. 7.2 Quasi-Optical NRI Lenses and Devices. 7.3 Three-Dimensional Isotropic LH MTMs. 7.4 Optical MTMs. 7.5 "Magnetless" Magnetic MTMs. 7.6 Terahertz Magnetic MTMs. 7.7 Surface Plasmonic MTMs. 7.8 Antenna Radomes and Frequency Selective Surfaces. 7.9 Nonlinear MTMs. 7.10 Active MTMs. 7.11 Other Topics of Interest. References. Index.
2,750 citations
"A study of CSRR loaded microstrip a..." refers background in this paper
...The SRR or CSRR have interest for the design of left handed media which gives very effective features of negative permeability and permittivity in microwave frequencies [5]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a double resonant antenna with series inductive elements along the radiating section is presented, where the inductive loads are constructed by two balanced short circuited slot lines placed on opposite sides of the slot.
Abstract: In this paper, new methods for further reducing the size and/or increasing the bandwidth (BW) of a class of miniaturized slot antennas are presented. This paper examines techniques such as parasitic coupling and inductive loading to achieve higher BW and further size reduction for this class of miniaturized slot antennas. The overall BW of a proposed double resonant antenna is shown to be increased by more than 94% compared with a single resonant antenna occupying the same area. The behavior of miniaturized slot antennas, loaded with series inductive elements along the radiating section is also examined. The inductive loads are constructed by two balanced short circuited slot lines placed on opposite sides of the radiating slot. These inductive loads can considerably reduce the antenna size at its resonance. Prototypes of a double resonant antenna at 850 MHz and inductively loaded miniaturized antennas at around 1 GHz are designed and tested. Finally the application of both methods in a dual band miniaturized antenna is presented. In all cases measured and simulated results show excellent agreement.
121 citations
"A study of CSRR loaded microstrip a..." refers background in this paper
...Using high permittivity dielectric substrate it is possible to reduce the MPA size [1]....
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09 Jun 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna on a dielectric substrate with CSRRs employed in the ground plane, and examine the resonant frequency, impedance bandwidth, and radiation characteristics.
Abstract: In this paper, we investigate a microstrip patch antenna on a dielectric substrate with CSRRs employed in the ground plane, and examine the resonant frequency, impedance bandwidth, and radiation characteristics. The comparison of the impedance bandwidth between the microstrip patch antenna on a conventional high permittivity substrate and with the CSRR substrate is presented. The experimental results demonstrated that significant size reduction is possible for a microstrip antenna without sacrificing the bandwidth by using the CSRR loaded ground plane. The fabricated antenna achieves a 69% reduction in the resonant frequency as well as 67% improvement in the bandwidth compared to the conventional antenna.
40 citations
"A study of CSRR loaded microstrip a..." refers methods in this paper
...Also using slots in patch of MPA and with SRR or CSRR in patch or ground has been reported [2-4]....
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01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a patch array antenna with the rectangular complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) was proposed, and the antenna consists of two patch arrays, and they are constructed on a Rogers4003 substrate with the thickness of 0.812mm and relative permittivity of 3.55.
Abstract: Recent theoretical and experimental studies have shown that microstrip patch an- tennas loaded by ground plane partially fllled with a negative permeability metamaterial may in principle provide a resonant radiating mode, even if the size of the patch antenna is smaller than the wavelength of operation. However, those studies have investigated only a single microstrip patch antenna. To extend the research for patch antenna with metamaterial, this paper ofiers a novel patch array antenna mounted with the rectangular complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs). The antenna consists of two patch arrays, and they are constructed on Rogers4003 substrate with the thickness of 0.812mm and relative permittivity of 3.55. The CSRRs are ar- ranged on area of the ground plane surrounding the radiating patch. The designed and fabricated antenna has the operating frequency of about 3.8GHz, whereas the resonant frequency of an or- dinary array antenna having the same patch size without the CSRRs is about 5GHz. It means that the occupied area of our suggested array antenna can be reduced by 47% to that of the ordinary one. The miniaturized antenna maintains the high directivity performance required by an array antenna, which are conflrmed by both simulation and measurement.
29 citations
"A study of CSRR loaded microstrip a..." refers methods in this paper
...Also using slots in patch of MPA and with SRR or CSRR in patch or ground has been reported [2-4]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a compact patch antenna using split-ring resonators (SRRs) was proposed to reduce the size of a conventional patch antenna by utilizing the high equivalent permeability characteristics of the proposed structure.
Abstract: In this article, a compact patch antenna using split-ring resonators (SRRs) is proposed.To reduce the size of a conventional patch antenna, the SRRs are inserted between the main patch and ground. The size reduction is achieved by utilizing the high equivalent permeability characteristics of the proposed structure. The resonance frequency of the antenna shifts from 6.6 to 4.67 GHz without changing the fractional bandwidth and the gain characteristic. A size reduction of 29.3% is achieved, and a maximum gain of 4.84 dBi is obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2786–2790, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26411
17 citations
"A study of CSRR loaded microstrip a..." refers methods in this paper
...Also using slots in patch of MPA and with SRR or CSRR in patch or ground has been reported [2-4]....
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