A study on the effects of different bedding systems on thermal comfort – quantifying the sensitivity coefficient used for calculating Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) in sleeping environments
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of different bedding systems on thermal comfort to quantify the sensitivity coefficient used for calculating PMV in sleeping environments were investigated, and the relationship between the local skin temperature at forearm posterior and thermal sensation was established, suggesting that the skin temperatures was an important factor that influences the human sensation during sleep.
About: This article is published in Energy Procedia.The article was published on 2017-12-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1 citations till now.
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TL;DR: The development of a smart heating system is presented along with the results of an actual field test of retrofitting this system in 14 single-user student rooms of a university residence hall, and the potential reduction in energy consumption is quantified based on a real life experiment.
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Journal Article•
755 citations
01 May 1972
522 citations
TL;DR: Results did not support the expection that sweating would follow the average temperature of the skin in the classical tradition, with skin warm-receptors as the hypothetical origin of exciting warm-impulses and cenral temperature as a participant prescribing the action of the "thermoregulator" in some as yet undetermined, additive, manner.
Abstract: Focus is on the concept of the quantitative thermostat or setpoint as it evolved experimentally not theoretically from measurements of central temperature at the tympanic membrane and from measurements of physiological responses by human gradient layer calorimetry and continuous analysis of oxygen consumption. Heat-flow responses as they relate to stimuli by which they are evoked -- peripheral or central temperatures at thermoreceptive sites -- and discussed and individual systems of reflex action are described. These systems are then correlated with what is known of their tangible components -- sensory receptors effector organs nervous centers and afferent or efferent nervous pathways -- classically derived from anatomical studies lesion experiments recording of action currents or electrical or thermal stimulation of pertinent structures. Such as correlation is a crucial test and when the results are consistent they provide independent mutual confirmation via the 2 approaches. Doubts are then removed that lesions or interferences which are unavoidable with most neurophysiological methods may have produced artifacts. Conversely calorimetry allows one to observe and analyze thermoregulation in process in a human subject without disturbing normal structures or functions other than by the stresses to which the body is made to respond. Prior to a description of experimental findings the essential methods are reviewed. With the methods of gradient layer calorimetry tympanic (eardrum) thermonetry and indirect calorimetry thermoregulatory responses -- by chemical overproduction of metabolic heat -- were observed in transient states as a result of a stimulus of cold impinging on peripheral neurons or warm-inhibition removed from central structures. With tympanic thermometry permitting for the 1st time om humans the continuous recording of central thermal stimulation and with gradient calorimetry permitting the continuous recording (with insignificant inertial distortion) of the sweating responses in precisely controlled environments of a large variety and under conditions where complete evaporation of sweat is ensured by strong but smooth air convection a new study of physical thermoregulation was initiated in 1958. The experimental results did not support the expection that sweating would follow the average temperature of the skin in the classical tradition with skin warm-receptors as the hypothetical origin of exciting warm-impulses and cenral temperature as a participant prescribing the action of the "thermoregulator" in some as yet undetermined additive manner. Vasomotor mechanisms to human thermoregulation can be assessed in quantitative manner only by whole-body calorimetry. Mechanisms of thermal homeostasis also considered include hormonal regulation transmitter substances conscious sensation of warmth and coordinations of behavioral and autonomic mechanisms setpoint and its variations and fever.
460 citations
TL;DR: The application of iButtons is advantageous for measuring skin temperatures in those situations in which wired instruments are unpractical and fast responses are not required and is demonstrated to add to the understanding of thermophysiology under natural living conditions.
346 citations
TL;DR: Temperature displayed a significant quadratic trends for nearly every sleep variable, such that TaS above or below thermoneutrality had similar effects on sleep patterns, and there were marked individual differences in sensitivity of sleep to cold.
244 citations