Book ChapterDOI
A Survey of Attacks on Ethereum Smart Contracts SoK
Nicola Atzei,Massimo Bartoletti,Tiziana Cimoli +2 more
- Vol. 10204, pp 164-186
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TLDR
This work analyses the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities, and shows a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.Abstract:
Smart contracts are computer programs that can be correctly executed by a network of mutually distrusting nodes, without the need of an external trusted authority. Since smart contracts handle and transfer assets of considerable value, besides their correct execution it is also crucial that their implementation is secure against attacks which aim at stealing or tampering the assets. We study this problem in Ethereum, the most well-known and used framework for smart contracts so far. We analyse the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities. We show a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.read more
Citations
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Your Smart Contracts Are Not Secure: Investigating Arbitrageurs and Oracle Manipulators in Ethereum
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on two smart contract vulnerabilities: transaction-ordering dependency and oracle manipulation, and present a reproducible experiment as code demonstrating the vulnerability and, where applicable, countermeasures to mitigate the vulnerability.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
SmartDagger: a bytecode-based static analysis approach for detecting cross-contract vulnerability
TL;DR: SmartDagger integrates a set of novel mechanisms to ensure its effectiveness and efficiency for cross-contract vulnerability detection and effectively recovers the contract attribute information from the smart contract bytecode, which is critical for accurately identifying cross- contract vulnerabilities.
Book ChapterDOI
Towards Verifying Ethereum Smart Contracts at Intermediate Language Level
TL;DR: The existing formalization of Yul – the intermediate language of Ethereum is augmented, an ERC20 token contract is realized in this language, and the guarantees of all the functions provided by this contract are verified using the proof assistant Isabelle/HOL.
Finding Permission Bugs in Smart Contracts with Role Mining
TL;DR: This paper mine past transactions of a contract to recover a likely access control model, which can then be checked against various information flow policies and identify potential bugs related to user permissions in tool SPCon, a role mining and security policy validation tool for smart contracts.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Review on Recent Progress of Smart Contract in Blockchain
TL;DR: The development process of blockchain is summarized, and the research progress of blockchain 2.0-smart contracts is focused on, highlighting the challenges and development trends of smart contracts.
References
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Book
Isabelle/HOL: A Proof Assistant for Higher-Order Logic
TL;DR: This presentation discusses Functional Programming in HOL, which aims to provide students with an understanding of the programming language through the lens of Haskell.
Ethereum: A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger
TL;DR: Ethereum as mentioned in this paper is a transactional singleton machine with shared state, which can be seen as a simple application on a decentralised, but singleton, compute resource, and it provides a plurality of resources, each with a distinct state and operating code but able to interact through a message-passing framework with others.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formalizing and Securing Relationships on Public Networks
TL;DR: Protocols with application in important contracting areas, including credit, content rights management, payment systems, and contracts with bearer are discussed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
On the Security and Performance of Proof of Work Blockchains
TL;DR: This paper introduces a novel quantitative framework to analyse the security and performance implications of various consensus and network parameters of PoW blockchains and devise optimal adversarial strategies for double-spending and selfish mining while taking into account real world constraints.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Making Smart Contracts Smarter
TL;DR: This paper investigates the security of running smart contracts based on Ethereum in an open distributed network like those of cryptocurrencies, and proposes ways to enhance the operational semantics of Ethereum to make contracts less vulnerable.