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Book ChapterDOI

A Survey of Attacks on Ethereum Smart Contracts SoK

Nicola Atzei, +2 more
- Vol. 10204, pp 164-186
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TLDR
This work analyses the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities, and shows a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.
Abstract
Smart contracts are computer programs that can be correctly executed by a network of mutually distrusting nodes, without the need of an external trusted authority. Since smart contracts handle and transfer assets of considerable value, besides their correct execution it is also crucial that their implementation is secure against attacks which aim at stealing or tampering the assets. We study this problem in Ethereum, the most well-known and used framework for smart contracts so far. We analyse the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, providing a taxonomy of common programming pitfalls which may lead to vulnerabilities. We show a series of attacks which exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing an adversary to steal money or cause other damage.

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Citations
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Secure and Privacy-Aware Blockchain Design: Requirements, Challenges and Solutions

TL;DR: A thorough comparative analysis based on various parameters of state-of the-art privacy and security mechanisms is presented, recommendations to design secure and privacy-aware blockchain are provided, and guidelines for future research are suggested.
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Review of Automated Vulnerability Analysis of Smart Contracts on Ethereum

TL;DR: A systematic literature review (SLR) to assess the state of the art regarding automated vulnerability analysis of smart contracts on Ethereum with a focus on classifications of vulnerabilities, detection methods, security analysis tools, and benchmarks for the assessment of tools.
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Rich specifications for Ethereum smart contract verification

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a specification methodology tailored to the domain of smart contracts for reasoning in the presence of unverified code and arbitrary re-entrancy, modular reasoning about collaborating smart contracts, and domain-specific specifications for resources and resource transfers.
References
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Book

Isabelle/HOL: A Proof Assistant for Higher-Order Logic

TL;DR: This presentation discusses Functional Programming in HOL, which aims to provide students with an understanding of the programming language through the lens of Haskell.

Ethereum: A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger

Gavin Wood
TL;DR: Ethereum as mentioned in this paper is a transactional singleton machine with shared state, which can be seen as a simple application on a decentralised, but singleton, compute resource, and it provides a plurality of resources, each with a distinct state and operating code but able to interact through a message-passing framework with others.
Journal ArticleDOI

Formalizing and Securing Relationships on Public Networks

Nick Szabo
- 01 Sep 1997 - 
TL;DR: Protocols with application in important contracting areas, including credit, content rights management, payment systems, and contracts with bearer are discussed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

On the Security and Performance of Proof of Work Blockchains

TL;DR: This paper introduces a novel quantitative framework to analyse the security and performance implications of various consensus and network parameters of PoW blockchains and devise optimal adversarial strategies for double-spending and selfish mining while taking into account real world constraints.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Making Smart Contracts Smarter

TL;DR: This paper investigates the security of running smart contracts based on Ethereum in an open distributed network like those of cryptocurrencies, and proposes ways to enhance the operational semantics of Ethereum to make contracts less vulnerable.
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Why ethereum is important?

The provided paper does not explicitly mention why Ethereum is important.