A Survey of Attacks on Ethereum Smart Contracts SoK
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...In particular, blockchain-based systems supporting SCs enable more complex processes and interactions so they establish a new paradigm with practically limitless applications....
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...SCs defined in 1994 by Szabo as: “a computerised transaction protocol that executes the terms of a contract” (Szabo, 1994), allow us to translate contractual clauses into embeddable code (Szabo, 1997) thus minimizing external participation and risks....
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...In these contexts, the information monitored by the devices could be stored in the form of SCs or transactions into the blockchain....
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...In particular, blockchain technology and the use of SCs could solve problems of scientific credibility of findings (missing data, endpoint switching, data dredging, and selective publication) in clinical trials (Nugent et al., 2016) as well as issues of patients’ informed consent (Benchoufi and Ravaud, 2017; Benchoufi et al., 2017)....
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...Therefore, blockchain applications that implement SCs to verify multiple types of operations, such as individual properties, are used to state the contractual relationships between the Internet actors, being them companies or individuals (Chen and Zhu, 2017; Ishmaev, 2017; Governatori et al., 2018; Herian, 2017)....
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Cites background from "A Survey of Attacks on Ethereum Sma..."
...the miners that control more than half of the PoW resources can control the inclusion of new blocks and also possibly rewrite the BC history (Atzei et al., 2017)....
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References
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