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A Survey of Theoretical and Experimental Coaxial Rotor Aerodynamic Research
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In this paper, the aerodynamic issues peculiar to coaxial rotors were surveyed by surveying American, Russian, Japanese, British, and German research, including the effects of having no tail rotor.Abstract:
The recent appearance of the Kamov Ka-50 helicopter and the application of coaxial rotors to unmanned aerial vehicles have renewed international interest in the coaxial rotor configuration. This report addresses the aerodynamic issues peculiar to coaxial rotors by surveying American, Russian, Japanese, British, and German research. (Herein, 'coaxial rotors' refers to helicopter, not propeller, rotors. The intermeshing rotor system was not investigated.) Issues addressed are separation distance, load sharing between rotors, wake structure, solidity effects, swirl recovery, and the effects of having no tail rotor. A general summary of the coaxial rotor configuration explores the configuration's advantages and applications.read more
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References
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An Analytical and Experimental Investigation of Helicopter Rotor Hover Performance and Wake Geometry Characteristics
TL;DR: In this article, an analytical and experimental investigation was conducted to acquire systematic model rotor performance and wake geometry data and to evaluate the accuracy of various analytical methods in predicting the effects on performance of changes in helicopter rotor design and operating parameters.
Full-scale-tunnel Investigation of the Static-thrust Performance of a Coaxial Helicopter Rotor
TL;DR: In this article, the static-thrust performance of a coaxial helicopter rotor with blades tapered both in plan form and thickness ratio in the full-scale tunnel was investigated. And the results regarding the hovering performance, effect of variation in directional control, and variation of rotor figure of merit with ratio of thrust coefficient were provided.
Wind-tunnel Studies of the Performance of Multirotor Configurations
TL;DR: In this paper, the power requirements measured in static thrust and in level forward flight for two helicopter rotor configurations were presented, one is a coaxial rotor arrangement with the rotors spaced approximately 19 percent of the rotor radius; the other is a tandem configuration in which the rotor-shaft spacing is 3 percent greater than the rotor diameter.
The Normal Component of the Induced Velocity in the Vicinity of a Lifting Rotor and Some Examples of Its Application
TL;DR: In this article, the relative magnitude of the normal component of the induced velocity at points in the flow field of a lifting rotor is computed for selected points on the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the rotor and on the lateral rotor axis.
A Balsa-Dust Technique for Air-Flow Visualization and Its Application to Flow Through Model Helicopter Rotors in Static Thrust
TL;DR: In this article, a method of visualizing air flow patterns by observing the motion of finely divided particles of balsa wood introduced into the air was presented, and the results indicate the feasibility of using the balsa-dust technique for obtaining useful qualitative information on the airflow patterns for transient conditions as well as for steady-state conditions.