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Journal ArticleDOI

A systematic review of mentoring nursing students in clinical placements.

01 Oct 2011-Journal of Clinical Nursing (J Clin Nurs)-Vol. 20, Iss: 20, pp 2854-2867
TL;DR: A clear description of student mentoring enables the development of systematic provisions for mentoring of nursing students in placements and adequate mentor preparation programmes for nurses.
Abstract: Aim and objective This systematic review describes mentoring of nursing students in clinical placements Background Mentoring in nursing has been widely investigated, but mentoring among students has remained vague There is no universal agreement on student mentoring in nursing placements; therefore, mentoring approaches vary A unified description of student mentoring is needed to ensure the quality of placement learning in nursing organisations Design Systematic review Method The data were collected from nursing research articles over 20 years (1986–2006) The articles (n = 23) were analysed using inductive content analysis Results Mentoring of nursing students in clinical placements was described according to two themes: (1) facilitating nursing students’ learning by creating supportive learning environments and enabling students’ individual learning processes, (2) strengthening students’ professionalism by empowering the development of their professional attributes and identities and enhancing attainment of students’ professional competence in nursing Discussion This description of student mentoring in nursing clinical placements integrates environmental, collegial, pedagogical and clinical attributes To ensure effective student mentoring, an individual mutual relationship is important, but also essential is organisation and management to provide adequate resources and systematic preparation for mentors Conclusions The description of student mentoring needs to be systematically reviewed to reflect changes in nursing and education and compared within related concepts to achieve and maintain a workable description A clear and systematic strategy for student mentoring in nursing organisations could be one opportunity to enhance recruitment of nursing students to the workforce Relevance to clinical practice A unified description of student mentoring will help improve the quality of placement learning opportunities and support for students, also for exchange students A clear description of student mentoring enables the development of systematic provisions for mentoring of nursing students in placements and adequate mentor preparation programmes for nurses
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Key components of an effective mentoring relationship identified by protégés-mentor dyads in an academic setting can inform a dialog between existing nurse mentor-protégé dyads as well as student nurses and faculty members considering a mentoring relationships.

216 citations


Cites background from "A systematic review of mentoring nu..."

  • ...In the 1990's, literature addressed mentoring of nursing students in clinical settings (Jokelainen et al., 2011)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A permissive atmosphere and visible preceptors are crucial if learning is to be maximized and to set aside time for preceptors to be more visible to make the atmosphere at the clinical placement more permissive.

129 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysis of free text responses indicates further attention to the intersect between the student and the supervising ward nurse is required, including the differing expectations that each holds for the other.

112 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The identified content of patient safety was learning from errors, responsible individual and interprofessional team working, anticipatory action in complex environments, and patient safety-centered nursing.
Abstract: Preventing adverse events and enhancing patient safety in health care are key objectives of nursing education. This integrative literature review critically appraises the content of patient safety in prelicensure nursing education, the teaching and learning methods used, and subsequent nursing student learning. The studies (N = 20) reviewed reveal that patient safety in nursing curricula was not necessarily obvious. However, patient safety was taught within both academic settings and clinical environments. The identified content of patient safety was learning from errors, responsible individual and interprofessional team working, anticipatory action in complex environments, and patient safety-centered nursing. The teaching and learning methods used included combining multiple methods. Patient safety curricula included continuing improvement in patient safety competency, sensitivity to nursing students' role, and having a supportive learning environment. Patient safety in the nursing curriculum requires broad, comprehensive attention and development as a specific theme with an interprofessional approach.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The supervisory relationship was shown to have a significant effect on the outcomes of students' experiences and the planning of educational programmes for supervisors of healthcare students for the enhancement of supervisors' pedagogical competencies in supervising students in the clinical practice is recommended.

92 citations


Cites background from "A systematic review of mentoring nu..."

  • ...This is most likely a consequence of decreasing resources for teachers to supervise students due to organizational changes in Finland and also elsewhere in Europe (Hall-Lord et al., 2013; Saarikoski et al., 2009)....

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  • ...According to the European Parlament and the Council Directive, healthcare education should contain as much as 50% of clinical training in real life clinical environments (77/452/EEC)....

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  • ...In general, the clinical learning environment refers to the clinical healthcare work environments in which healthcare students complete their clinical placements, which is included as part of the clinical studies of their healthcare education (Jokelainen et al., 2011; Papastavrou et al., 2016)....

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  • ...The European Commission (2007) called for the Bologna Process to enhance consistent developmental practices in all sectors of education (Saarikoski et al., 2009)....

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  • ...Background The Bologna Process and EU directives have had a significant impact on the development of healthcare education in Europe (Jokelainen et al., 2011; Salminen et al., 2010)....

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data analysis methods of qualitative research are proposed as strategies that enhance the rigour of combining diverse methodologies as well as empirical and theoretical sources in an integrative review.
Abstract: Aim. The aim of this paper is to distinguish the integrative review method from other review methods and to propose methodological strategies specific to the integrative review method to enhance the rigour of the process. Background. Recent evidence-based practice initiatives have increased the need for and the production of all types of reviews of the literature (integrative reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and qualitative reviews). The integrative review method is the only approach that allows for the combination of diverse methodologies (for example, experimental and non-experimental research), and has the potential to play a greater role in evidence-based practice for nursing. With respect to the integrative review method, strategies to enhance data collection and extraction have been developed; however, methods of analysis, synthesis, and conclusion drawing remain poorly formulated. Discussion. A modified framework for research reviews is presented to address issues specific to the integrative review method. Issues related to specifying the review purpose, searching the literature, evaluating data from primary sources, analysing data, and presenting the results are discussed. Data analysis methods of qualitative research are proposed as strategies that enhance the rigour of combining diverse methodologies as well as empirical and theoretical sources in an integrative review. Conclusion. An updated integrative review method has the potential to allow for diverse primary research methods to become a greater part of evidence-based practice initiatives.

6,131 citations


"A systematic review of mentoring nu..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...This type of review is empirical and the approach is partly integrative, because literature from different types of research designs and multiple research methodologies, both qualitative and quantitative, was included (e.g. Whittemore & Knafl 2005, Evans 2007, Whittemore 2007)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although many of the problems encountered were related to the critical assessment of qualitative research, the authors argue that the method of systematic review can be adapted for use with different data and across disciplines.
Abstract: The authors describe a method of systematically reviewing research from different paradigms. They draw on the methods adapted, developed, and designed during a study concerned with the delivery of care across professional boundaries. Informed by the established method of systematic review, the authors undertook the review in distinct stages. They describe the methods developed for each stage and outline the difficulties encountered, the solutions devised, and the appraisal tools developed. Although many of the problems encountered were related to the critical assessment of qualitative research, the authors argue that the method of systematic review can be adapted for use with different data and across disciplines.

868 citations


"A systematic review of mentoring nu..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...…the relevant literature from empirical research published in scientific journals was collected, systematised and evaluated with specific criteria including levels of values with points (Magarey 2001, Hawker et al. 2002, Whittemore 2005), which is described in detail in the data evaluation section....

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  • ...This form was created and formulated on the basis of the assessment form presented by Hawker et al. (2002)....

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  • ...on the basis of the assessment form presented by Hawker et al. (2002). The evaluation form included ten specific evaluation sections....

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  • ...This review was performed systematically in phases in line with a scientific research process where each phase is built on the basis of the previous one (Hawker et al. 2002, Grimshaw et al. 2003)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Key concepts and methodological issues, including strategies for data analysis, are explained, using applications from the nursing and health literature, to enhance understanding of the data.
Abstract: Content analysis is much more than a naive technique that results in a simplistic description of data. It allows the researcher to test theoretical issues to enhance understanding of the data. Using applications from the nursing and health literature, this paper will explain key concepts and methodological issues, including strategies for data analysis.

729 citations

Book
06 Oct 2002
TL;DR: The Nature of Qualitative Research: Development and Perspectives as discussed by the authors The nature of qualitative research: development and perspectives, initial steps in the research process, ethical issues in qualitative research, and additional Approaches to qualitative research.
Abstract: Part I: Introduction to Qualitative Research 1. The Nature of Qualitative Research: Development and Perspectives 2. Initial Steps in the Research Process 3. Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research 4. Supervision in Qualitative Research Part II: Data Collection 5. Interviewing 6. Participant Observation and Documents as Sources of Data 7. Focus Groups 8. Sampling Part III: Approaches to Qualitative Research 9. Ethnography 10. Grounded Theory 11. Phenomenology 12. Action Research 13. Narrative Enquiry 14. Additional Approaches Part IV: Data Analysis and Completion 15. Qualitative Data Analysis 16. Ensuring Trustworthiness and Quality 17. Writing up Qualitative Research

584 citations


"A systematic review of mentoring nu..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Data from 23 nursing research articles were analysed using inductive content analysis (Cavanagh 1997, Holloway & Wheeler 2002)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
Robin Whittemore1
TL;DR: Greater clarity regarding research review methods has the potential to enhance methodological rigor and subsequently the applicability of findings of all review methods to practice and policy.
Abstract: Background The knowledge explosion in health care coupled with recent evidence-based practice initiatives has increased both the need for and the production of reviews of past research. The proliferation of such reviews has contributed to inconsistency in methods and terminology. Differing methods for integrative reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and qualitative reviews have been proposed, yet are not clearly differentiated in published reports. Although there are common features to these methods, each method has a distinct purpose, sampling frame, definition, and type of analysis. Approach The literature on research review methods was analyzed and synthesized. Specific attention was directed toward the issues specific to combining primary nursing research studies. Results The defining characteristics of different research review methods, the common stages of all research reviews, and criteria for evaluating quality are described. Discussion Greater clarity regarding research review methods has the potential to enhance methodological rigor and subsequently the applicability of findings of all review methods to practice and policy.

333 citations


"A systematic review of mentoring nu..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...…the relevant literature from empirical research published in scientific journals was collected, systematised and evaluated with specific criteria including levels of values with points (Magarey 2001, Hawker et al. 2002, Whittemore 2005), which is described in detail in the data evaluation section....

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  • ...Moreover, the inclusion criteria were pretested before the search with a couple of random literature publications, as was the evaluation form, to select only relevant research articles of good quality (Whittemore 2005)....

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  • ...The use of a peer reviewer increases the validity of the content (Whittemore 2005), as two scholars from the research group independently reviewed the articles based on specific pre-formulated inclusion and evaluation criteria (Magarey 2001)....

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