A theoretical and experimental study of the recombination coefficient in the lower ionosphere
01 Jul 1954-Vol. 2, Iss: 3, pp 99-102
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of recombination of electrons and ions in the lower ionosphere is studied both experimentally and theoretically, and a theoretical model is derived by using the theories of dissociative recombination and negative ions.
Abstract: The problem of recombination of electrons and ions in the lower ionosphere is studied both experimentally and theoretically. The experimental study involves analysis of new experimental data such as 150-kc radio wave absorption, polarization, and phase heights; absorption of short-wave galactic radiation; and E-region critical frequency, as well as recombination values already published. Then, by use of the theories of dissociative recombination and negative ions, a theoretical model is derived which is consistent with the experimental results. The values of the coefficient during night-time and during sudden ionospheric disturbances are discussed.
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors applied microwave techniques to the study of the diffusion of electrons and positive ions in helium, and measured the measured value of the ambipolar diffusion coefficient, which is a measure of the flow of charged particles of both signs is equalized by the space charge field which they set up.
Abstract: Microwave techniques are applied to the study of the diffusion of electrons and positive ions in helium. For the electron and ion densities realized experimentally, the diffusion takes place ambipolarly; that is, the flow of charged particles of both signs is equalized by the space charge field which they set up. At 1 mm Hg pressure and 0.039-ev average energy, the measured value of the ambipolar diffusion coefficient, ${D}_{a}$, is 540 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/sec. The measured variation of ${D}_{a}$ with gas density, energy of the particles, and diffusion container size and shape agrees closely with theory.
156 citations
127 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the total attenuation suffered by 18·3 Mc/s cosmic radio noise passing completely through the ionosphere and showed that the total absorption may be divided into two components, one due to absorption mainly in the D region and the other in the F2 region.
Abstract: A new technique permits measurement of the total attenuation suffered by 18·3 Mc/s cosmic radio noise passing completely through the ionosphere. It is shown that the total absorption may be divided into two components, one due to absorption mainly in the D region and the other in the F2 region. The observations of D region absorption confirm the diurnal and seasonal variations observed by other workers. F2 absorption depends on the critical frequency but not on the height of the region and there is evidence of increased absorption at night which may be caused by irregularities in the upper F region. The observational results are compared with those obtained by other workers and suggestions are made for the use of the method, particularly in the exploration of the upper F2 region.
91 citations
59 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an ionospheric model consisting of two ionized layers below the normal E layer was proposed to account for observed features of the propagation of 16 kc/sec radio waves over distances of 90 and 535 km.
Abstract: An ionospheric model consisting of two ionized layers below the normal E layer is postulated in an attempt to account for observed features of the propagation of 16 kc/sec radio waves over distances of 90 and 535 km. These observations suggest the existence of more than one ionized layer below the E layer. The lower of the two postulated layers reflects very long waves over the 535 km range, but over 90 km this layer is penetrated and the waves are reflected from the upper layer. The field produced by a transmitter at distances up to about 300 km is composed of the ground wave plus waves reflected one and more times from the upper layer. At 535 km, waves from both layers contribute to the total field, especially the wave reflected once from the lower layer and waves reflected more than once from the upper layer. New experimental data for 535 km are interpreted in terms of this model.
48 citations