Book•
A Theory of Adaptation
01 Jan 2006-
TL;DR: O'Flynn as discussed by the authors discussed the benefits of adaptation as a process and explained the appeal of adaptation in a variety of contexts, including the economic lure, legal constraints, personal and political motivations, and intentionality in adaptation.
Abstract: Preface to the 1st Edition Preface to the Revised Edition Chapter 1 Beginning to Theorize Adaptation What? Who? Why? How? Where? When? Familiarity and Contempt Treating Adaptations as Adaptations Exactly What Gets Adapted? How? Double Vision: Defining Adaptation Adaptation as Product: Announced, Extensive, Specific Transcoding Adaptation as Process Modes of Engagement Framing Adaptation Chapter 2 What? (Forms) Medium Specificity Revisited Telling - Showing Showing - Showing Interacting - -Telling or Showing Cliche #1 Cliche #2 Cliche #3 Cliche #4 Learning from Practice Chapter 3 Who? Why? (Adapters) Who Is the Adapter? Why Adapt? The Economic Lures The Legal Constraints Cultural Capital Personal and Political Motives Learning from Practice Intentionality in Adaptations Chapter 4 How? (Audiences) The Pleasures of Adaptation Knowing and Unknowing Audiences Modes of Engagement Revisited Kinds and Degrees of Immersion Chapter 5 Where? When? (Contexts) The Vastness of Context Transcultural Adaptation Indigenization Learning from Practice Why Carmen? The Carmen Story-and Stereotype Indigenizing Carmen Chapter 6 Final Questions What Is Not an Adaptation? What Is the Appeal of Adaptations? Epilogue by Siobhan O'Flynn
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TL;DR: This paper defines and applies a new model of adaptive behavior called an Adaptation Finite-State Machine (A-FSM) to enable the detection of faults caused by both erroneous adaptation logic and asynchronous updating of context information, with the latter leading to inconsistencies between the external physical context and its internal representation within an application.
Abstract: Applications running on mobile devices are intensely context-aware and adaptive. Streams of context values continuously drive these applications, making them very powerful but, at the same time, susceptible to undesired configurations. Such configurations are not easily exposed by existing validation techniques, thereby leading to new analysis and testing challenges. In this paper, we address some of these challenges by defining and applying a new model of adaptive behavior called an Adaptation Finite-State Machine (A-FSM) to enable the detection of faults caused by both erroneous adaptation logic and asynchronous updating of context information, with the latter leading to inconsistencies between the external physical context and its internal representation within an application. We identify a number of adaptation fault patterns, each describing a class of faulty behaviors. Finally, we describe three classes of algorithms to detect such faults automatically via analysis of the A-FSM. We evaluate our approach and the trade-offs between the classes of algorithms on a set of synthetically generated Context-Aware Adaptive Applications (CAAAs) and on a simple but realistic application in which a cell phone's configuration profile changes automatically as a result of changes to the user's location, speed, and surrounding environment. Our evaluation describes the faults our algorithms are able to detect and compares the algorithms in terms of their performance and storage requirements.
115 citations
105 citations
TL;DR: The paper discusses the double sense in which the iPhone functions both as a signal adaptation of the mobile phone at the same time as it introduces new practices and politics of adaptation.
Abstract: In this paper, I look at the Apple iPhone as a fascinating instance of adaptation, especially as it relates to digital cultures. A theme in the rise of the mobile, or cell, phone has been how it underscores the active role that people play in the orchestration and use of culture. The gambit of the iPhone is that the mobile phone itself will be decisively remade, and through this that media culture will itself be reformed. To make sense of this rapturous reception, I examine the iPhone as a notable instance of consuming culture. The paper discusses the double sense in which the iPhone functions both as a signal adaptation of the mobile phone at the same time as it introduces new practices and politics of adaptation.
91 citations
TL;DR: Adaptation theory has remained stubbornly rooted in often unexamined values and practices as discussed by the authors, despite the manifest ubiquity of narrative adaptations in contemporary culture notwithstanding, the critical tendency has been to denigrate them as secondary and derivative in relation to what is usually referred to as the "original."
Abstract: and journalistic discourse on the topic of narrative adaptation, the "orchid thief in Spike Jonze's film would like us to believe that adaptation is, in fact, a "profound process." In the immediate context, he means biological adaptation, of course, but in a metacinematic film about the process of adapting a book to the screen, the cultural implica tions of his positive remark should not be dismissed, despite its evident irony.1 The manifest ubiquity of narrative adaptations in contemporary culture notwithstanding, the critical tendency has been to denigrate them as secondary and derivative in relation to what is usually (and tellingly) referred to as the "original." Adaptation theory has rarely challenged this dismissive evaluation. Despite the theoretical sophistication of recent literary critical discourse, adaptation studies have remained stubbornly rooted in often unexamined values and practices. Although it seems self-evident that the insights of such theories as Bakhtinian dialogism, intertextuality, deconstruction, reception theory, cultural studies, narra tology, or performance theory might have relevance to adaptation stud ies, these connections have only begun to be made.2 In a way, therefore,
83 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, a finite-state model of adaptive behavior is employed to enable the detection of faults caused by erroneous adaptation logic and asynchronous updating of context information, which leads to inconsistencies between the external physical context and its internal representation within an application.
Abstract: Applications running on mobile devices are heavily context-aware and adaptive, leading to new analysis and testing challenges as streams of context values drive these applications to undesired configurations that are not easily exposed by existing validation techniques. We address this challenge by employing a finite-state model of adaptive behavior to enable the detection of faults caused by (1) erroneous adaptation logic, and (2) asynchronous updating of context information, which leads to inconsistencies between the external physical context and its internal representation within an application. We identify a number of adaptation fault patterns, each describing a class of faulty behaviors that we detect automatically by analyzing the system's adaptation model. We illustrate our approach on a simple but realistic application in which a cellphone's configuration profile is changed automatically based on the user's location, speed and surrounding environment.
70 citations