A transient current based bus zone protection scheme using wavelet transform
01 Nov 2008-pp 1195-1199
TL;DR: In this article, a wavelet transform was used to detect busbar faults and to provide backup protection for external faults, where the fault indexes of differential and source CT current signals obtained are compared with their respective threshold values to detect the internal faults.
Abstract: This paper deals with application of wavelet transform to detect busbar faults and to provide backup protection for external faults. The detail coefficients of a source CT current, feeder current and zone-2 current are obtained over a narrow moving window. The fault indexes of differential and source CT current signals obtained are compared with their respective threshold values to detect the internal faults. In the event of feeder and zone-2 faults, the d-coefficients of differential current have a time shift compared to that of source current. Further the external fault is located by comparing the polarities of peak d-coefficient of source, feeder and zone-2 currents. The scheme is tested for different types of external and internal faults with variation in incidence angles and fault impedance. The proposed scheme detects internal faults and locates external faults even in the presence of current transformer saturation.
Citations
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01 Dec 2019
TL;DR: The proposed differential and restraining coefficients-based differential busbar protection scheme is able to provide high-speed protection for the bus faults and remains stable against external faults.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new instantaneous energy coefficients-based differential busbar protection scheme (namely, 87BT). The differential and restraining coefficients are calculated in a mode-segregated manner from the instantaneous phase current values. In order to evaluate its performance, an existing 400-kV substation with double-bus single breaker configuration has been modelled in PSCAD/EMTDC. The proposed scheme is able to provide high-speed protection for the bus faults. Moreover, it remains stable against external faults. A comparative evaluation with respect to 87B in case of CT saturation conditions has also been presented.
3 citations
01 Mar 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the performance of the current fault detection algorithm, the Alienation Coefficient Algorithm (ACA), and proposed an alternative fault detection technique for ACA and presented a simulation study to validate the performance.
Abstract: One of the latest fault discrimination algorithms used to supervise bus differential protection schemes, is Alienation Coefficient Algorithm (ACA). ACA uses alienation coefficient of current signals during first one-eighth cycle after fault inception to discriminate between internal and external faults. Therefore, the performance of ACA highly depends on fault detection speed. This paper examines the performance of ACA for currently used fault detection technique and the results reveal that ACA fails to detect external fault in case of fast current transformer (CT) saturation. This paper also proposes an alternative fault detection technique for ACA and presents a simulation study to validate the performance. Documented results show that ACA with the new fault detection technique performs better for fast CT saturation during close-in external faults.
2 citations
Cites background from "A transient current based bus zone ..."
...Numerous fault discrimination techniques [4-13] were proposed by exploring various aspects of busbar faults....
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01 Dec 2019
TL;DR: The results obtained from the proposed algorithm show its high responsiveness for bus faults and firmness against external faults and the feasibility of on-field implementation of the proposed scheme for IEC-61850 applications has been discussed.
Abstract: A wavelet transform approach to IEC-61850 based busbar protection has been proposed in this paper. Initially, areal mode current travelling waves (TWs) are calculated using Karenbauer phase-modal transformation. Thereafter, the postfault initial travelling wavefronts in the form of wavelet transform modulus Maximas (WTMMs) have been extracted using level-1 detailed coefficients of Daubechies-1 wavelet. In order to evaluate performance of the proposed scheme, an existing 400-kV Indian substation with double-busbar arrangement has been developed. The results obtained from the proposed algorithm show its high responsiveness for bus faults and firmness against external faults. At the end, the feasibility of on-field implementation of the proposed scheme for IEC-61850 applications has been discussed.
1 citations
01 Nov 2017
TL;DR: A new busbar protection scheme using Bayes Point Machine (BPM) is reported and a comparative evaluation suggests the superiority of BPM among other machine learning based classifiers.
Abstract: Schemes adopted for protection of busbar face major challenges in terms of speed, sensitivity, and immunity against current transformer (CT) saturation. This paper reports a new busbar protection scheme using Bayes Point Machine (BPM). A substation model with double bus configuration has been simulated in PSCAD and one cycle post-fault current samples are utilized to identify the fault zone. The proposed algorithm has been tested for diversified fault scenarios including the cases for which the conventional line differential protection scheme (87L) is likely to maloperate. BPM is found to be more than 99% accurate while identifying the correct fault zone. A comparative evaluation suggests the superiority of BPM among other machine learning based classifiers.
Cites background from "A transient current based bus zone ..."
...Wavelet transform based protection schemes [13]–[15] extract useful information from post-fault current signals in both time and frequency domain localization....
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References
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14 Nov 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a wavelet-packet transform (WPT) based differential busbar-protection technique is presented, which decomposes the fault signal into different frequency bands in the time domain.
Abstract: A novel wavelet-packet-transform- (WPT-) based differential busbar-protection technique is presented. The paper uses the wavelet-packet- transform (WPT) method to extract features from a fault-current signal. The WPT can decompose the fault signal into different frequency bands in the time domain. The differential signal is computed from the decomposed extracted signal. The WPT-based differential busbar-protection scheme solves several problems of current protective relays. The CT error and ratio-mismatch problems do not have any impact on the proposed WPT-based scheme. ATP simulations are used to test and validate the proposed technique for model-power-system faults.
56 citations
"A transient current based bus zone ..." refers methods in this paper
...ME Mohammed has proposed a scheme in [ 6 ], which makes use of Wave Packet Transforms (WPT)....
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TL;DR: A new method for selecting bus protection zones in microprocessor-based relays, based upon graph theory, is presented and a typical bus arrangement is used to illustrate the graphical representation of station arrangements, graph operations, and associated matrix operations.
Abstract: Use of graph theory simplifies representation of complex bus arrangements in power system stations. This paper presents a new method, based upon graph theory, for selecting bus protection zones in microprocessor-based relays. We use a typical bus arrangement to illustrate the graphical representation of station arrangements, graph operations, and associated matrix operations. We also describe an implementation of the zone selection method and use two examples to demonstrate the advantages of the method. Using the status of switching devices in the station, the zone selection method provides the relay with real-time bus arrangement information. The bus relay uses this information to assign input currents to a differential protection zone and to select which breakers to trip for a bus fault or breaker failure.
38 citations
"A transient current based bus zone ..." refers background in this paper
...A considerable amount of literature is available for various types of digital relays employing microprocessors, microcontrollers, and digital signal processors (DSPs), most of which were developed along the lines of traditional differential relays [ 3 ]....
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09 Apr 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the application of wavelet transforms to detecting power system faults and describing a number of new protection principles and techniques based on the wavelet transform is presented. But the significant advantages of these protection schemes are outlined in the paper.
Abstract: This paper presents extensive studies of the application of wavelet transforms to detecting power system faults and describes a number of new protection principles and techniques based on the wavelet transform. These include a number of novel protection schemes for the protection of transmission lines, distribution feeders, generators and transformers. The significant advantages of these protection schemes are outlined in the paper. Finally the application of the proposed technique to busbar protection is presented to examine the feasibility of new protective algorithm.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of a continuous wavelet transform (CWT) was used to distinguish faults in a busbar protection zone from those outside the zone. And the proposed wavelet transformation approach based on the Morlet wavelet basis function was found to be an excellent discriminant for identifying the fault signals during the CT saturation and ratio mismatch.
Abstract: This paper deals with the use of a continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to distinguish faults in a busbar protection zone from those outside the zone. The Morlet wavelets are used as the wavelet basis function. They are more efficient in monitoring fault signals as time varies. The differential current as the operating quantity and the sum of the current magnitudes as the stabilizing signal are computed. The magnitudes of the CWT of these currents are derived to obtain the operational and restraint signals. The CWT coefficient plots are given to precisely determine the scale of analysis. The proposed wavelet transform approach based on Morlet basis function is found to be an excellent discriminant for identifying the fault signals during the CT saturation and ratio mismatch. ATP simulations are used to test and validate the proposed CWT approach for model power system faults.
28 citations
"A transient current based bus zone ..." refers background in this paper
...differential protection scheme was proposed in [ 5 ]....
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