A Water and Sanitation Needs Assessment for Kisumu City, Kenya

doi:10.7916/D8SJ1TJ5

A Water and Sanitation Needs Assessment for Kisumu City, Kenya

01 Jan 2010-

About: The article was published on 2010-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 16 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Sanitation & Regional planning.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Social capital, collective action and access to water in rural Kenya.

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Elijah Bisung¹, Susan J. Elliott¹, Corinne J. Schuster-Wallace², Diana M. S. Karanja³, Abudho Bernard³ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (3)

University of Waterloo¹, United Nations University², Kenya Medical Research Institute³

01 Oct 2014-Social Science & Medicine

TL;DR: Findings suggest that investment in building social capital may have some contextual benefits for collective action to address common environmental challenges and can inform policy interventions and practice in water and sanitation delivery in low and middle income countries, environmental health promotion and community development.

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99 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Dreaming of toilets: using photovoice to explore knowledge, attitudes and practices around water-health linkages in rural Kenya.

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Elijah Bisung¹, Elijah Bisung², Susan J. Elliott², Bernard Abudho³, Corinne J. Schuster-Wallace¹, Diana M. S. Karanja³ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (3)

United Nations University¹, University of Waterloo², Kenya Medical Research Institute³

01 Jan 2015-Health & Place

TL;DR: Findings reveal that access to water, perceptions and practices were shaped by ecological and broader structural factors, and collective actions to improve access were constrained by institutional and economic structures, thus reinforcing inequalities.

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58 citations

Cites background from "A Water and Sanitation Needs Assess..."

...Water services in Kisumu are provided under the mandates of the Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) which contracts service provision to Kisumu Water and Sewerage Company (KIWASCO), a subsidiary company of the Municipal Council of Kisumu....
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...Though KIWASCO has a “pro-poor” water delivery model expected to serve the needs of poor communities such as Usoma, its implementation has been difficult due to the large number of poor and informal communities in the region, and financial requirements (Maoulidi, 2010)....
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...With regards to sanitation, access to adequate sanitation is significantly lower than Kisumu, with 42% of the population practicing open defecation (Bisung et al., 2014) as compared to 5% in Kisumu (Maoulidi, 2010)....
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...This research was undertaken in Usoma, a lakeshore community located about 15 km from Kisumu – the third largest city in Kenya (Fig....
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...Their efforts have since resulted in the extension of piped water to a vending tap in the community by the Kisumu Water and Sewerage Company Limited (KIWASCO) and the construction of a sanitation facility through financial support from UNU-INWEH, Rotary Club of Hamilton, Canada, and private contributions....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Socio-economic aspects of domestic groundwater consumption, vending and use in Kisumu, Kenya

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L Okotto¹, Joseph Okotto-Okotto, Heather Price², S Pedley³, James S. Wright² - Show less +1 more•Institutions (3)

Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology¹, University of Southampton², University of Surrey³

01 Mar 2015-Applied Geography

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the amount of groundwater consumed in urban informal settlements in sub-Saharan Africa, identifying the socioeconomic profile of well owners and consumers, and patterns of domestic water usage.

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46 citations

Cites result from "A Water and Sanitation Needs Assess..."

...This compares with an estimated 18,700 m3/day leaving Kisumu's two piped water treatment plants in 2008 and an estimated total water demand of 12,520 m3/day in 2011 for an area including both these settlements (Maoulidi, 2010)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

‘Everyone is exhausted and frustrated’: exploring psychosocial impacts of the lack of access to safe water and adequate sanitation in Usoma, Kenya

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Elijah Bisung¹, Susan J. Elliott¹•Institutions (1)

United Nations University¹

01 Jun 2016-Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

TL;DR: It is suggested that benefits of water interventions transcend disease reduction to improved wellbeing through complex social pathways and contribute to knowledge gaps within the water–health nexus and direct policy responses toward largely unexplored psychosocial concerns associated with water and sanitation.

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Abstract: The lack of access to safe water and adequate sanitation pose significant health challenges for many individuals and communities in low and middle-income countries. Aside from direct health issues, the lack of access to safe water and adequate sanitation is increasingly associated with psychosocial concerns that affect the wellbeing of individuals and communities. However, the nature of these concerns has received little attention in peer-reviewed literature. This paper draws on environmental stress and ecosocial theories to explore psychosocial concerns related to water and sanitation in Usoma, a lakeshore community in Western Kenya. The study used qualitative key informant interviews ( n = 9) and focus group discussions ( n = 10). Results reveal deep feelings of anxiety and frustration, embarrassment, negative identity, feelings of marginalization, and lack of self-efficacy. These stressors were a byproduct of daily lived experiences associated with lack of access to safe water and adequate sanitation as well as the coping strategies people adopted. The paper suggests that benefits of water interventions transcend disease reduction to improved wellbeing through complex social pathways. The findings contribute to knowledge gaps within the water–health nexus and direct policy responses toward largely unexplored psychosocial concerns associated with water and sanitation.

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43 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The association between domestic animal presence and ownership and household drinking water contamination among peri-urban communities of Kisumu, Kenya.

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Amber N. Barnes¹, John D. Anderson², Jane Mumma³, Zahid Hayat Mahmud⁴, Oliver Cumming⁵ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (5)

Duke University¹, University of Florida², Great Lakes University³, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh⁴, University of London⁵

06 Jun 2018-PLOS ONE

TL;DR: Water, sanitation, and hygiene strategies to reduce diarrheal disease should consider the promotion of safe animal contact alongside more traditional interventions focusing on the management of human waste.

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Abstract: Introduction Household drinking water can be contaminated by diarrheagenic enteropathogens at numerous points between the source and actual consumption. Interventions to prevent this contamination have focused on preventing exposure to human waste through interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). In many cases though, the infectious agent may be of zoonotic rather than human origin suggesting that unsafely managed animal waste may contribute to the contamination of household drinking water and the associated diarrheal disease burden. Methods A cross-sectional household survey of 800 households was conducted across three informal peri-urban neighborhoods of Kisumu, Kenya, collecting stored drinking water samples, administering a household survey including water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure and behaviors, and recording domestic animal presence and ownership. We used multivariate logistic regression to assess the association of traditional WASH factors and domestic animal presence and ownership on microbial contamination of household drinking water. Results The majority of households sampled had fecally contaminated drinking water (67%), defined by the presence of any colony forming units of the fecal indicator bacteria enterococci. After adjustment for potential confounders, including socio-economic status and water and sanitation access, both household animal ownership (aOR 1.31; CI 1.00–1.73, p = 0.05) and the presence of animal waste in the household compound (aOR 1.38; CI 1.01, 1.89, p = 0.04) were found to be significantly associated with household drinking water contamination. None of the conventional WASH variables were found to be significantly associated with household drinking water contamination in the study population. Conclusions Water, sanitation, and hygiene strategies to reduce diarrheal disease should consider the promotion of safe animal contact alongside more traditional interventions focusing on the management of human waste. Future research on fecal contamination of unsafe household drinking water should utilize host-specific markers to determine whether the source is human or animal to prepare targeted public health messages.

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26 citations

Cites background from "A Water and Sanitation Needs Assess..."

...Population growth within the informal settlements of Kisumu has not been met with the necessary increase in safe water and sanitation infrastructure [27]....
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A Water and Sanitation Needs Assessment for Kisumu City, Kenya

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