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Journal Article•DOI•

A wavelet transform-based ECG compression method guaranteeing desired signal quality

Jie Chen1, Shuichi Itoh•
University of Electro-Communications1
01 Dec 1998-IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (IEEE)-Vol. 45, Iss: 12, pp 1414-1419
TL;DR: A new electrocardiogram compression method based on orthonormal wavelet transform and an adaptive quantization strategy, by which a predetermined percent root mean square difference (PRD) can be guaranteed with high compression ratio and low implementation complexity are presented.
Abstract: This paper presents a new electrocardiogram (ECG) compression method based on orthonormal wavelet transform and an adaptive quantization strategy, by which a predetermined percent root mean square difference (PRD) can be guaranteed with high compression ratio and low implementation complexity.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Wavelet transforms and the ECG: a review.

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Paul S. Addison
08 Aug 2005-Physiological Measurement
TL;DR: In this review, the emerging role of the wavelet transform in the interrogation of the ECG is discussed in detail, where both the continuous and the discrete transform are considered in turn.
Abstract: The wavelet transform has emerged over recent years as a powerful time-frequency analysis and signal coding tool favoured for the interrogation of complex nonstationary signals. Its application to biosignal processing has been at the forefront of these developments where it has been found particularly useful in the study of these, often problematic, signals: none more so than the ECG. In this review, the emerging role of the wavelet transform in the interrogation of the ECG is discussed in detail, where both the continuous and the discrete transform are considered in turn.

794 citations

Cites methods from "A wavelet transform-based ECG compr..."

  • ...In a later paper (Chen and Itoh 1998), again using D10 wavelets, they incorporate an adaptive quantization strategy which allows a predetermined desired signal quality to be achieved....

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  • ...In a later paper (Chen and Itoh 1998), again using D10 wavelets, they incorporate an adaptive quantization strategy which allows a predetermined desired signal quality to be achieved. Miaou and Lin (2000) also propose a quality driven compression methodology based on Daubechies wavelets and later (Miaou and Lin 2002) on biorthogonal wavelets. The latter algorithm adopts the set partitioning of hierarchical tree (SPIHT) coding strategy. Miaou et al (2002) have also proposed a dynamic vector quantization method employing tree codevectors in a single codebook. Some examples of original and compressed signals from this work are shown in figure 27. Bradie (1996) suggested the use of a wavelet-packet-based algorithm for compression of the ECG....

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  • ...In a later paper (Chen and Itoh 1998), again using D10 wavelets, they incorporate an adaptive quantization strategy which allows a predetermined desired signal quality to be achieved. Miaou and Lin (2000) also propose a quality driven compression methodology based on Daubechies wavelets and later (Miaou and Lin 2002) on biorthogonal wavelets. The latter algorithm adopts the set partitioning of hierarchical tree (SPIHT) coding strategy. Miaou et al (2002) have also proposed a dynamic vector quantization method employing tree codevectors in a single codebook. Some examples of original and compressed signals from this work are shown in figure 27. Bradie (1996) suggested the use of a wavelet-packet-based algorithm for compression of the ECG. When compared to the Karhunen–Loeve transform (KLT) applied to the same data the WP method generated significantly lower data rates at less than one-third the computational effort with generally excellent reconstructed signal quality. However, Blanchett et al (1998) report at least as good compression results for a KLT-based method. By first normalizing beat periods using multirate processing and normalizing beat amplitudes Ramakrishnan and Saha (1997) converted the ECG into a near cyclostationary sequence....

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  • ...In a later paper (Chen and Itoh 1998), again using D10 wavelets, they incorporate an adaptive quantization strategy which allows a predetermined desired signal quality to be achieved. Miaou and Lin (2000) also propose a quality driven compression methodology based on Daubechies wavelets and later (Miaou and Lin 2002) on biorthogonal wavelets. The latter algorithm adopts the set partitioning of hierarchical tree (SPIHT) coding strategy. Miaou et al (2002) have also proposed a dynamic vector quantization method employing tree codevectors in a single codebook....

    [...]

  • ...In a later paper (Chen and Itoh 1998), again using D10 wavelets, they incorporate an adaptive quantization strategy which allows a predetermined desired signal quality to be achieved. Miaou and Lin (2000) also propose a quality driven compression methodology based on Daubechies wavelets and later (Miaou and Lin 2002) on biorthogonal wavelets....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Digital coding of waveforms: Principles and applications to speech and video

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J.D. Gibson1•
Texas A&M University1
01 Apr 1987

385 citations

Proceedings Article•DOI•
iSAX: indexing and mining terabyte sized time series

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Jin Shieh1, Eamonn Keogh1•
University of California, Riverside1
24 Aug 2008
TL;DR: This work shows how a novel multi-resolution symbolic representation can be used to index datasets which are several orders of magnitude larger than anything else considered in the literature, allowing for the exact mining of truly massive real world datasets.
Abstract: Current research in indexing and mining time series data has produced many interesting algorithms and representations. However, the algorithms and the size of data considered have generally not been representative of the increasingly massive datasets encountered in science, engineering, and business domains. In this work, we show how a novel multi-resolution symbolic representation can be used to index datasets which are several orders of magnitude larger than anything else considered in the literature. Our approach allows both fast exact search and ultra fast approximate search. We show how to exploit the combination of both types of search as sub-routines in data mining algorithms, allowing for the exact mining of truly massive real world datasets, containing millions of time series.

375 citations

Cites background from "A wavelet transform-based ECG compr..."

  • ...For example, in the medical domain it is frequently done for both the wavelet [5] and cosine [3] representations....

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Journal Article•DOI•
ECG signal compression using analysis by synthesis coding

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Yaniv Zigel1, Arnon D. Cohen, Amos Katz•
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev1
01 Oct 2000-IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
TL;DR: An electrocardiogram (ECG) compression algorithm, called analysis by synthesis ECG compressor (ASEC), is introduced and was found to be superior to several well-known ECG compression algorithms at all tested bit rates.
Abstract: An electrocardiogram (ECG) compression algorithm, called analysis by synthesis ECG compressor (ASEC), is introduced. The ASEC algorithm is based on analysis by synthesis coding, and consists of a beat codebook, long and short-term predictors, and an adaptive residual quantizer. The compression algorithm uses a defined distortion measure in order to efficiently encode every heartbeat, with minimum bit rate, while maintaining a predetermined distortion level. The compression algorithm was implemented and tested with both the percentage rms difference (PRD) measure and the recently introduced weighted diagnostic distortion (WDD) measure. The compression algorithm has been evaluated with the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. A mean compression rate of approximately 100 bits/s (compression ratio of about 30:1) has been achieved with a good reconstructed signal quality (WDD below 4% and PRD below 8%). The ASEC was compared with several well-known ECG compression algorithms and was found to be superior at all tested bit rates. A mean opinion score (MOS) test was also applied. The testers were three independent expert cardiologists. As In the quantitative test, the proposed compression algorithm was found to be superior to the other tested compression algorithms.

156 citations

Cites background or result from "A wavelet transform-based ECG compr..."

  • ...The results in [6], [8], [10] are Fig....

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  • ...[8], [10], because the signal was not processed to have zero...

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Journal Article•DOI•
Quality assessment of ECG compression techniques using a wavelet-based diagnostic measure

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Amjed S. Al-Fahoum1•
Yarmouk University1
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: Comparative results with existing quality measures show that the new measure is insensitive to error variation, is accurate, and correlates very well with subjective tests.
Abstract: Electrocardiograph (ECG) compression techniques are gaining momentum due to the huge database requirements and wide band communication channels needed to maintain high quality ECG transmission. Advances in computer software and hardware enable the birth of new techniques in ECG compression, aiming at high compression rates. In general, most of the introduced ECG compression techniques depend on their evaluation performance on either inaccurate measures or measures targeting random behavior of error. In this paper, a new wavelet-based quality measure is proposed. A new wavelet-based quality measure is proposed. The new approach is based on decomposing the segment of interest into frequency bands where a weighted score is given to the band depending on its dynamic range and its diagnostic significance. A performance evaluation of the measure is conducted quantitatively and qualitatively. Comparative results with existing quality measures show that the new measure is insensitive to error variation, is accurate, and correlates very well with subjective tests

152 citations

Cites background from "A wavelet transform-based ECG compr..."

  • ...The complexity of WDD and lack of standard code for comparison make it difficult to be adopted for quantifying a reconstructed signal’s quality....

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  • ...Three main components should be integrated for proper performance testing: compression measure, reconstruction error, and computational complexity [6]....

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References
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Journal Article•
Performance Evaluation of ECG Compression Algorithms by Reconstruction Error and Diagnostic Response (Special Section on ECG Data Compression)

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Kohro Takahashi, Satoshi Takeuchi, Norihito Ohsawa
25 Dec 1993-IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems
TL;DR: An improved method for preparing epoxy-modified silicone resins is proposed in this paper, in which the reaction catalyst is an alkali halide, such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
Abstract: An improved method for preparing epoxy-modified silicone resins is proposed in which the reaction catalyst is an alkali halide, such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride, or a combination of the alkali halide and an alkyl titanate, such as tetraisopropyl titanate and tetrabutyl titanate. The epoxy-modified silicon resin thus obtained is further reacted with a polybasic carboxylic acid or its anhydride. Varnishes containing these modified silicone resins can give coating films with very strong resistance to chemicals and solvents. Furthermore paints prepared with these varnishes as the vehicle are very stable, and exhibit no thixotropy even after a very long period of storage.

1 citations

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