Academic entrepreneurship in Spanish universities: an analysis of the determinants of entrepreneurial intention
01 May 2017-European Research on Management and Business Economics (Elsevier)-Vol. 23, Iss: 2, pp 113-122
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control on academics' entrepreneurial intentions was studied with the Theory of Planned Behaviour as basis, and a structural equation model identified as the main antecedent of entrepreneurial intention the attitude towards entrepreneurship.
About: This article is published in European Research on Management and Business Economics.The article was published on 2017-05-01 and is currently open access. It has received 183 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Entrepreneurship & Theory of planned behavior.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the literature on entrepreneurial intention is carried out, which offers a clearer picture of the sub-fields in entrepreneurial intention research, by concentrating on two aspects: citation analysis and thematic analysis.
Abstract: Entrepreneurial intention is a rapidly evolving field of research. A growing number of studies use entrepreneurial intention as a powerful theoretical framework. However, a substantial part of this research lacks systematization and categorization, and there seems to be a tendency to start anew with every study. Therefore, there is a need to take stock of current knowledge in this field. In this sense, this paper carries out a review of the literature on entrepreneurial intentions. A total of 409 papers addressing entrepreneurial intention, published between 2004 and 2013 (inclusive), have been analyzed. The purpose and contribution of this paper is to offer a clearer picture of the sub-fields in entrepreneurial intention research, by concentrating on two aspects. Firstly, it reviews recent research by means of a citation analysis to categorize the main areas of specialization currently attracting the attention of the academic community. Secondly, a thematic analysis is carried out to identify the specific themes being researched within each category. Despite the large number of publications and their diversity, the present study identifies five main research areas, plus an additional sixth category for a number of new research papers that cannot be easily classified into the five areas. Within those categories, up to twenty-five different themes are recognized. A number of research gaps are singled out within each of these areas of specialization, in order to induce new ways and perspectives in the entrepreneurial intention field of research that may be fruitful in filling these gaps.
229 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review examines 325 scientific articles published in refereed scientific journals from 1987 to 2017, and the SciMat software was used to conduct an analysis of performance indicators and science mapping visualizations.
122 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess how personality traits, training and entrepreneurial education, social recognition, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude influence entrepreneurial intention to create a better business environment.
Abstract: This article aims to assess how personality traits, training and entrepreneurial education, social recognition, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude influence entrepreneurial intention to cre...
78 citations
Cites background from "Academic entrepreneurship in Spanis..."
...Finally, the seventh group of questions operationalizes the construct of entrepreneurial attitude and is composed of four items, which assess how favourable entrepreneurial activity is for the potential entrepreneur (Miranda, Chamorro-Mera, and Rubio 2017)....
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TL;DR: The literature on university spin-offs published in journals included in the Social Sciences Citation Index of the Web of Science in order to identify what, by whom, where and how it has been researched has been identified and evaluated.
Abstract: In recent years, universities have focused more on the creation of spin-off companies as a means of transferring the knowledge generated by their research activities. At the same time, this has generated an increase in academic research on this business structure in order to identify the best strategies for their management and the most efficient university policies, amongst other things. In this study, we have identified and evaluated the literature on university spin-offs published in journals included in the Social Sciences Citation Index of the Web of Science in order to identify what, by whom, where and how it has been researched. The number of studies was marginal until 2000 but has grown exponentially since 2010. Our systematic review classifies research findings into three levels—individual, firm, and institutional context—each with respect to characteristics, antecedents, and outcomes of entrepreneurial activities. Reviewing the content of these articles allows some gaps in the research to be identified and conclusions to be reached about possible future research in this field to supplement, update and extend the results obtained to date.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the factors that can have an impact on the level of entrepreneurial activity in the European continent. And they found that some of the key determinants of entrepreneurial intention are related to policy factors, such as "governmental and political factors" and "basic education and training".
Abstract: Purpose
This study aims to pursue better understanding and investigation of the factor that can have an impact on the level of entrepreneurial activity To achieve this, statistical analysis was conducted Indicators from 22 countries of the European Union were reunited to compare the differences between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurship
Design/methodology/approach
To analyse entrepreneurial intentions in Europe, two databases of the Global Databases Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) were used, namely, “GEM NES Key Indicators 2007-2015” and “GEM APS Key Indicators 2001-2015”, available at wwwgemconsortiumorg/data/sets, considering only the data from 2015 and analysed with IBM SPSS Statistics tool Each original database includes 60 countries, and this study is limited to an analysis of only countries of the European continent, resulting in a sample of 22 countries
Findings
The major determinants of the entrepreneurial intention in the countries studied were: “perceived capacity”; “entrepreneurial intention” itself which will, in fact, influence the “rate of nascent entrepreneurship”; “governmental and political factors” in relation to the respective “financing for the entrepreneur”; and “basic education and training” in entrepreneurship which influences “research and development”
Research limitations/implications
This study has few limitations because, as it refers to a European analysis, it would require a more generalized analysis of the factors, such as to include more and better indicators for the demographic, economic and institutional determinants of the entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurship in the European countries under study For future research on the explanation of commercial activity, we must address the methodological problem of distinguishing the effect of business intentions from other determinants, as these also influence entrepreneurial attitudes Despite the conceptual and empirical limitations, the conclusions of the study imply and provide several recommendations for the future policy of entrepreneurship in Europe
Practical implications
In the past decades, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions have gained increasing attention from academics, governments and politicians around the world It is seen as a critical factor for economic growth and development of a country, as it contributes to the solution of fundamental macroeconomic issues such as increased employment, development of competitiveness, innovation and the creation of economic and social values Therefore, academics and researchers, governments and politicians are interested in identifying the differences and causes between countries that influence the level of entrepreneurship as a phenomenon associated with business activity in a country
Social implications
Results reveal that some of the key determinants of entrepreneurial intention in the European countries are related to policy factors, like “governmental and political factors” and “basic education and training” in entrepreneurship In this way, the study can help politicians elaborate the policies related to entrepreneurship, implying an increase in entrepreneurial intentions in a country and consequently implications for socio-economic development
Originality/value
To achieve the originality of the study, two databases of the GEM of 2015 were used and duly adapted In this way, the value of the article is very significant, as it is possible to group data from several countries, to test hypotheses and to arrive at very useful conclusions that may be of interest to policymakers at both the European and national levels The adoption of adequate policies promotes and supports entrepreneurship in the context of the Europe 2020 Strategy, which is the European Union’s growth strategy
61 citations
References
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TL;DR: The Second Edition of this practical guide to partial least squares structural equation modeling is designed to be easily understood by those with limited statistical and mathematical training who want to pursue research opportunities in new ways.
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12,855 citations
"Academic entrepreneurship in Spanis..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The arrows indicate causal relationships, the number beside each is the respective standardized coefficient, and in parentheses is the product of the standardized coefficient and the correlation coefficient between the two constructs expressed as a percentage (Henseler et al., 2015)....
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...The value of goodness of fit that is generated through the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) that is equal to 0.064 0.080, which means that our model fits the empirical data (Henseler et al., 2015)....
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TL;DR: The theory and research in personality and social psychology the principle of aggregation - creating stability and consistency moderating variables - effects of individual differences, characteristics of the disposition, situational factors, and type of behaviour theory of planned behaviour - prediction of specific actions with varying degrees of volitional control as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Attitudes and personality traits - how they are defined and measured behaviourial consistency - theory and research in personality and social psychology the principle of aggregation - creating stability and consistency moderating variables - effects of individual differences, characteristics of the disposition, situational factors, and type of behaviour theory of planned behaviour - prediction of specific actions with varying degrees of volitional control.
6,764 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare two intention-based models in terms of their ability to predict entrepreneurial intentions: Ajzen's theory of planned behavior (TPB) and Shapero's model of the entrepreneurial event (SEE).
4,632 citations
"Academic entrepreneurship in Spanis..." refers background or result in this paper
...…on entrepreneurship usually identifies individual domains (e.g., personality, motivation, and prior experience) and contextual variables (e.g., social context, markets, and economics) as the two dimensions responsible for the formation of EI (Krueger et al., 2000; Fayolle & Gailly, 2015)....
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...Even if people may have significant potential, they will refrain from making the transition into entrepreneurship when they lack the intentions (Krueger et al., 2000)....
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...…conrasts with those of previous studies in the field of academic ntrepreneurship (Bercovitz & Feldman, 2008; Ding & Stuart, 2006; uyghe & Knockaert, 2015; Obschonka et al., 2012, 2015), it is evertheless in line with the results reported in more general TPBased work on EI (Krueger et al., 2000)....
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TL;DR: The nature of perceived behavioral control, the relative importance of attitudes and subjective norms, the utility of adding more predictors, and the roles of prior behavior and habit are highlighted.
Abstract: This survey of attitude theory and research published between 1996 and 1999 covers the conceptualization of attitude, attitude formation and activation, attitude structure and function, and the attitude-behavior relation. Research regarding the expectancy-value model of attitude is considered, as are the roles of accessible beliefs and affective versus cognitive processes in the formation of attitudes. The survey reviews research on attitude strength and its antecedents and consequences, and covers progress made on the assessment of attitudinal ambivalence and its effects. Also considered is research on automatic attitude activation, attitude functions, and the relation of attitudes to broader values. A large number of studies dealt with the relation between attitudes and behavior. Research revealing additional moderators of this relation is reviewed, as are theory and research on the link between intentions and actions. Most work in this context was devoted to issues raised by the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior. The present review highlights the nature of perceived behavioral control, the relative importance of attitudes and subjective norms, the utility of adding more predictors, and the roles of prior behavior and habit.
3,813 citations