TL;DR: The result showed that both of these coral cannot differentiate based on morphometric measurement, but it can differentiate significantly based on descriptive characters, so both ofThese coral are not synonym.
Abstract: Acanthophyllia deshayesiana has a different habitat with Cynarina lacrymalis in the nature, but they have same character on living forms, diameter, and height of corallite. Both of these species are considered synonym, thus it needs verification study to describe whether it is synonym species or not based on morphological data. Eleven descriptive characters and seven morphometric characters were used to verify the synonym species of these coral. Descriptive data were performed by scoring method, while morphometric data were obtained from morphometric. Morphometric data were analyzed by Correspondence Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP) and Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster (AHC), while descriptive data were analyzed by UPGMA (Unweight Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean). The result showed that both of these coral cannot differentiate based on morphometric measurement. It can differentiate significantly based on descriptive characters, so both of these coral are not synonym. Keywords: synonym, morphometric, descriptive, Cynarina lacrymalis, Acanthophyllia deshayesiana
Abstract: Patterns of community structure within coral reefs ecosystems are strongly influenced by a catastrophe such as a tsunami. Sumur is one of the coastal regions affected the most by the Banten Tsunami in December 2018. This research aims to predict coral reef ecosystem conditions after a tsunami based on the reef fish community structure and benthic coverage in the previous month. The research was conducted on every island around Sumur coastal region. Reef fish specimens were sampled using underwater visual census, and benthic coverage was taken with quadrats for Coral Point Count Estimation (CPCe). Overall coral condition assessed by conservation value determined through coral morphology. The highest coral coverage was found in Sumur, Southwest Oar, and North Badul. Nearly all sites have a high diversity reef fish community, with the highest abundance and species richness found in West Umang and North Badul. Badul island, Mangir island, and Cigorondong were categorized as the locations with coral reef ecosystems with the highest stress-tolerators. Most areas with this high stress-tolerator are predominated by coral massive and sub-massive and have higher endurance than other sites. Post-catastrophe, reef fishes will shift to the sites where most coral reef-building has survived, especially reef fishes with territorial behaviour.
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Cites background from "Acanthophyllia deshayesiana (Michel..."
...4 differences in community structure patterns among observation locations [30, 31]....
TL;DR: This document summarizes current capabilities, research and operational priorities, and plans for further studies that were established at the 2015 USGS workshop on quantitative hazard assessments of earthquake-triggered landsliding and liquefaction in the Central American region.
Abstract: .................................................................................................................... xv
TL;DR: It is shown that along an environmental gradient, evolutionary branching can occur much more easily than in non-spatial models, and this facilitation is most pronounced for gradients of intermediate slope.
Abstract: Traditional discussions of speciation are based on geographical patterns of species ranges. In allopatric speciation, long-term geographical isolation generates reproductively isolated and spatially segregated descendant species. In the absence of geographical barriers, diversification is hindered by gene flow. Yet a growing body of phylogenetic and experimental data suggests that closely related species often occur in sympatry or have adjacent ranges in regions over which environmental changes are gradual and do not prevent gene flow. Theory has identified a variety of evolutionary processes that can result in speciation under sympatric conditions, with some recent advances concentrating on the phenomenon of evolutionary branching. Here we establish a link between geographical patterns and ecological processes of speciation by studying evolutionary branching in spatially structured populations. We show that along an environmental gradient, evolutionary branching can occur much more easily than in non-spatial models. This facilitation is most pronounced for gradients of intermediate slope. Moreover, spatial evolutionary branching readily generates patterns of spatial segregation and abutment between the emerging species. Our results highlight the importance of local processes of adaptive divergence for geographical patterns of speciation, and caution against pitfalls of inferring past speciation processes from present biogeographical patterns.
TL;DR: The present monograph introduces the higher-level classification system for the 46 genera whose relationships are clear and formally revise the taxonomy of those corals belonging to the newly discovered family-level clade (restricted today to the western Atlantic and Caribbean regions).
326 citations
"Acanthophyllia deshayesiana (Michel..." refers background in this paper
...Descriptive characters involved 11 characters
(Figure 2 and Table 2) (Budd and Stolarski, 2009; Casebolt, 2011; Arrigoni et al., 2012; Benzoni et al., 2012; Budd et al., 2012; Arrigoni et al., 2014a; 2014b)....
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...Morphometric characters involved 7 characters (Figure 2 and Table 1) (Budd and Stolarski, 2009; Casebolt, 2011; Arrigoni et al., 2012; Benzoni et al., 2012; Budd et al., 2012; Arrigoni et al., 2014a; 2014b)....
TL;DR: Data support the hypothesis that A. prolifera is the product of hybridization between two species that have a different allelic composition for the Pax‐C intron, i.e. A. cervicornis and A. palmata, which backcrosses with the parental species at low frequency.
Abstract: Although Acropora is the most species-rich genus of the scleractinian (stony) corals, only three species occur in the Caribbean: A cervicornis, A palmata and A prolifera Based on overall coral morphology, abundance and distribution patterns, it has been suggested that A prolifera may be a hybrid between A cervicornis and A palmata The species boundaries among these three morphospecies were examined using DNA sequence analyses of the nuclear Pax-C 46/47 intron and the ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) and 58S regions Moderate levels of sequence variability were observed in the ITS and 58S sequences (up to 52% overall sequence difference), but variability within species was as large as between species and all three species carried similar sequences Since this is unlikely to represent a shared ancestral polymorphism, the data suggest that introgressive hybridization occurs among the three species For the Pax-C intron, A cervicornis and A palmata had very distinct allele frequencies and A cervicornis carried a unique allele at a frequency of 0769 (although sequence differences between alleles were small) All A prolifera colonies examined were heterozygous for the Pax-C intron, whereas heterozygosity was only 0286 and 0333 for A cervicornis and A palmata, respectively These data support the hypothesis that A prolifera is the product of hybridization between two species that have a different allelic composition for the Pax-C intron, ie A cervicornis and A palmata We therefore suggest that A prolifera is a hybrid between A cervicornis and A palmata, which backcrosses with the parental species at low frequency
TL;DR: The integrative classification system proposed here will form the framework for more accurate biodiversity estimates and guide the taxonomic placement of extinct species.
149 citations
"Acanthophyllia deshayesiana (Michel..." refers background in this paper
...Calice form is influenced by calice width, which the wider a calice, then the smaller its relief (Kongjandtre et al., 2012; Huang et al., 2014)....
TL;DR: It is concluded that P. damicornis from Eastern Australia constitutes a cryptic species complex because of the misinterpretation of taxonomical units within this species, which may well explain its perceived variation in the ecology, biology and life history across its range.
Abstract: The incredible range of morphological plasticity present in scleractinian corals has confused the taxonomy of the group, prompting the introduction of “ecomorphs” to explain the observed correlation between local environmental conditions and phenotypic variation. Pocillopora
damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) represents one of the best known examples of eco-phenotypic variation in scleractinian corals with a variety of forms and reproductive strategies reported across its global distribution range. Here, we reconstruct genealogical relationships of P. damicornis colonies collected from thirteen locations along the East Australian coast to examine the relationship between genetic and phenotypic diversity in this species. Haplotype networks computed from two mitochondrial DNA regions (CR, ORF) indicate that the range of morphotypes observed within this taxon fall into at least five genetically distinct mitochondrial lineages. Nuclear (HSP70, ITS2) haplowebs on the other hand recover sharp genetic discontinuities among three of the morphological groups. We conclude that P. damicornis from Eastern Australia constitutes a cryptic species complex. The misinterpretation of taxonomical units within P. damicornis may well explain its perceived variation in the ecology, biology and life history across its range.