Acetic acid for analgesic screening

Acetic acid for analgesic screening

01 Jan 1959-Vol. 18, pp 412-412

About: The article was published on 1959-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 2231 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Acetic acid.

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Journal Article•

Animal Models of Nociception

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Daniel Le Bars¹, Manuela Gozariu, Samuel W. Cadden•Institutions (1)

French Institute of Health and Medical Research¹

01 Dec 2001-Pharmacological Reviews

TL;DR: It is concluded that although the neural basis of the most used tests is poorly understood, their use will be more profitable if pain is considered within, rather than apart from, the body's homeostatic mechanisms.

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Abstract: The study of pain in awake animals raises ethical, philosophical, and technical problems. We review the ethical standards for studying pain in animals and emphasize that there are scientific as well as moral reasons for keeping to them. Philosophically, there is the problem that pain cannot be monitored directly in animals but can only be estimated by examining their responses to nociceptive stimuli; however, such responses do not necessarily mean that there is a concomitant sensation. The types of nociceptive stimuli (electrical, thermal, mechanical, or chemical) that have been used in different pain models are reviewed with the conclusion that none is ideal, although chemical stimuli probably most closely mimic acute clinical pain. The monitored reactions are almost always motor responses ranging from spinal reflexes to complex behaviors. Most have the weakness that they may be associated with, or modulated by, other physiological functions. The main tests are critically reviewed in terms of their sensitivity, specificity, and predictiveness. Weaknesses are highlighted, including 1) that in most tests responses are monitored around a nociceptive threshold, whereas clinical pain is almost always more severe; 2) differences in the fashion whereby responses are evoked from healthy and inflamed tissues; and 3) problems in assessing threshold responses to stimuli, which continue to increase in intensity. It is concluded that although the neural basis of the most used tests is poorly understood, their use will be more profitable if pain is considered within, rather than apart from, the body's homeostatic mechanisms.

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1,929 citations

Cites background from "Acetic acid for analgesic screening..."

...…the chemical agent that, in turn, determines the duration of the effect: acetylcholine, dilute hydrochloric or acetic acid (Eckhardt et al., 1958; Koster et al., 1959; Niemegeers et al., 1975), bradykinin (Emele and Shanaman, 1963), adrenaline (Matsumoto and Nickander, 1967), adenosine…...
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...These modifications mainly concern the chemical agent that, in turn, determines the duration of the effect: acetylcholine, dilute hydrochloric or acetic acid (Eckhardt et al., 1958; Koster et al., 1959; Niemegeers et al., 1975), bradykinin (Emele and Shanaman, 1963), adrenaline (Matsumoto and Nickander, 1967), adenosine triphosphate, potassium chloride, tryptamine (Collier et al....
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Journal Article•DOI•

The abdominal constriction response and its suppression by analgesic drugs in the mouse

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H. O. J. Collier¹, L. C. Dinneen¹, Christine A. Johnson¹, C. Schneider¹•Institutions (1)

Parke-Davis¹

01 Feb 1968-British journal of pharmacology and chemotherapy

1,243 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Release of prostaglandins E and F in an algogenic reaction and its inhibition.

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Roger Deraedt¹, Simone Jouquey¹, Francoise Delevallee¹, Micheline Flahaut¹•Institutions (1)

Roussel Uclaf¹

11 Jan 1980-European Journal of Pharmacology

TL;DR: An examination of cells collected by washing the peritoneum revealed a large decrease between 15 and 30 min after injection of the irritant, which suggested that the prostaglandins could be produced by neutrophil polynuclear cells but also by destruction of macrophages.

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742 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Altered pain perception and inflammatory response in mice lacking prostacyclin receptor

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Takahiko Murata¹, Fumitaka Ushikubi¹, Toshiyuki Matsuoka¹, Masakazu Hirata¹, Atsushi Yamasaki¹, Yukihiko Sugimoto¹, Atsushi Ichikawa¹, Yoshiya Aze, Takashi Tanaka, Nobuaki Yoshida, Akinori Ueno², Sachiko Oh-ishi², Shuh Narumiya - Show less +9 more•Institutions (2)

Kyoto University¹, Kitasato University²

14 Aug 1997-Nature

TL;DR: It is established that prostacyclin is an antithrombotic agent in vivo and evidence for its role as a mediator of inflammation and pain is provided.

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Abstract: Prostanoids are a group of bioactive lipids working as local mediators and include D, E, F and I types of prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes. Prostacyclin (PGI2) acts on platelets and blood vessels to inhibit platelet aggregation and to cause vasodilatation, and is thought to be important for vascular homeostasis. Aspirin-like drugs, including indomethacin, which inhibit prostanoid biosynthesis, suppress fever, inflammatory swelling and pain, and interfere with female reproduction, suggesting that prostanoids are involved in these processes, although it is not clear which prostanoid is the endogenous mediator of a particular process. Prostanoids act on seven-transmembrane-domain receptors which are selective for each type. Here we disrupt the gene for the prostacyclin receptor in mice by using homologous recombination. The receptor-deficient mice are viable, reproductive and normotensive. However, their susceptibility to thrombosis is increased, and their inflammatory and pain responses are reduced to the levels observed in indomethacin-treated wild-type mice. Our results establish that prostacyclin is an antithrombotic agent in vivo and provide evidence for its role as a mediator of inflammation and pain.

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740 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Heritability of nociception I: responses of 11 inbred mouse strains on 12 measures of nociception.

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Jeffrey S. Mogil¹, Sonya G. Wilson¹, Karine Bon¹, Seo Eun Lee², Kyungsoon Chung, Pnina Raber³, Jeanne O. Pieper⁴, Heather S. Hain⁵, John K. Belknap⁵, Lawrence Hubert¹, Greg I. Elmer⁶, Jin Mo Chung, Marshall Devor³ - Show less +9 more•Institutions (6)

University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign¹, University of Texas Medical Branch², Hebrew University of Jerusalem³, National Institutes of Health⁴, Oregon Health & Science University⁵, University of Maryland, Baltimore⁶

01 Mar 1999-Pain

TL;DR: This report begins to systematically describe and characterize genetic variability of nociception in a mammalian species, Mus musculus, using 11 readily-available inbred mouse strains and demonstrates the existence of clear strain differences in each assay.

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Abstract: It is generally acknowledged that humans display highly variable sensitivity to pain, including variable responses to identical injuries or pathologies. The possible contribution of genetic factors has, however, been largely overlooked. An emerging rodent literature documents the importance of genotype in mediating basal nociceptive sensitivity, in establishing a predisposition to neuropathic pain following neural injury, and in determining sensitivity to pharmacological agents and endogenous antinociception. One clear finding from these studies is that the effect of genotype is at least partially specific to the nociceptive assay being considered. In this report we begin to systematically describe and characterize genetic variability of nociception in a mammalian species, Mus musculus. We tested 11 readily-available inbred mouse strains (129/J, A/J, AKR/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, C58/J, CBA/J, DBA/2J, RIIIS/J and SM/J) using 12 common measures of nociception. These included assays for thermal nociception (hot plate, Hargreaves' test, tail withdrawal), mechanical nociception (von Frey filaments), chemical nociception (abdominal constriction, carrageenan, formalin), and neuropathic pain (autotomy, Chung model peripheral nerve injury). We demonstrate the existence of clear strain differences in each assay, with 1.2 to 54-fold ranges of sensitivity. All nociceptive assays display moderate-to-high heritability (h2 = 0.30-0.76) and mediation by a limited number of apparent genetic loci. Data comparing inbred strains have considerable utility as a tool for understanding the genetics of nociception, and a particular relevance to transgenic studies.

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643 citations

Cites methods from "Acetic acid for analgesic screening..."

...Abdominal constriction (writhing) tests (acetic acid, ACAA; magnesium sulfate, AC MS) In these assays of chemical nociception (e.g. Siegmund et al., 1957; Hendershot and Forsaith, 1959; Koster et al., 1959), a noxious substance is injected into the peritoneal cavity, wherein it activates nociceptors directly and/or produces inflammation of visceral (subdiaphragmatic organs) and subcutaneous (muscle wall) tissues....
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...In these assays of chemical nociception (e.g. Siegmund et al., 1957; Hendershot and Forsaith, 1959; Koster et al., 1959), a noxious substance is injected into the peritoneal cavity, wherein it activates nociceptors directly and/or produces inflammation of visceral (subdiaphragmatic organs) and…...
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Acetic acid for analgesic screening

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