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Activation of Akt is associated with poor prognosis and chemotherapeutic resistance in pediatric B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

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TLDR
This study was undertaken to explore the clinical relevance and molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of Akt (i.e., phosphorylated Akt, P‐Akt) in pediatric B‐pre ALL.
Abstract
Background Activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, a pro-survival pathway, plays important roles in tumor cell growth. However, the role of Akt in the pathogenesis of pediatric B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-pre ALL) remains to be clarified. This study was undertaken to explore the clinical relevance and molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of Akt (i.e., phosphorylated Akt, P-Akt) in pediatric B-pre ALL. Procedure We evaluated the activation status of Akt in bone marrow samples from 21 children with newly diagnosed B-pre ALL and correlated the expression level of P-Akt with clinicopathologic and prognostic features. Additionally, we transfected the myristoylated Akt cDNA into the B-pre ALL cell line, Nalm-6, and examined the effect, in vitro, of Akt activation on the response to antitumor drugs. Results P-Akt expression in B-pre ALL blast cells at diagnosis was associated significantly with poor response to induction chemotherapy including prednisolone, dexamethasone, vincristine, and adriamycin in B-pre ALL patients. Both overall survival and relapse-free survival in patients with P-Akt expression were reduced significantly more than in patients without P-Akt expression. Activation of Akt reduced the extent of apoptosis induced by the antitumor drugs in Nalm-6 listed above. Activation of Akt did not induce expression of P-glycoprotein, a drug transporter that is capable of conferring multidrug resistance. Conclusion These results support the contention that Akt activation is a mechanism of chemotherapeutic resistance in B-pre ALL and suggest that Akt can be a therapeutic target for the treatment of relapsed or refractory pediatric B-pre ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 83–89. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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日付
4468
24 3 2 3
学総合研究制御科学専攻
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Citations
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A study on sanguinarine as an antileukemic agent- involvement of reactive oxygen species-ceramide-akt apoptotic signaling pathway

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that in human leukemic cells, sanguinarine activates a caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death pathway that is characterized by reactive oxygen species-dependent ceramide generation, and subsequent inhibition of Akt signaling pathway, and underscores the critical role for reactive oxygen Species-ceramide-Akt signaling pathway and reactive oxygenspecies-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 activation in the antileukemic action of sanguinine.
Journal ArticleDOI

Association between Dysfunction of the Nucleolar Stress Response and Multidrug Resistance in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

TL;DR: It is found that 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, daunorubicin, and cytarabine had anti-leukemic effects via the nucleolar stress response within BCP-ALL treatment and dysfunction of the nucleol stress response may be related to clinical relapse or refractoriness.
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SHIP1 Is Present but Strongly Downregulated in T-ALL, and after Restoration Suppresses Leukemia Growth in a T-ALL Xenotransplantation Mouse Model

TL;DR: This paper showed that SHIP1-mRNA expression is frequently reduced in primary T-ALL patients, which is recapitulated by the decrease in SHIP 1 expression at the protein level in seven out of eight available TALL patient samples.
Journal ArticleDOI

Identification and development of a subtype-selective allosteric AKT inhibitor suitable for clinical development

TL;DR: Alm301 as discussed by the authors is a novel, allosteric, sub-type selective inhibitor of AKT1/2, which was shown to be highly selective against a panel of over 450 kinases and potently inhibited cellular proliferation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

AKT/PKB signaling: navigating downstream.

TL;DR: Those Akt substrates that are most likely to contribute to the diverse cellular roles of Akt, which include cell survival, growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, metabolism, and migration are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival

TL;DR: Akt/PKB plays important roles in the signaling pathways in response to growth factors and other extracellular stimuli to regulate several cellular functions including nutrient metabolism, cell growth, apoptosis and survival.
Journal ArticleDOI

P-glycoprotein: from genomics to mechanism

TL;DR: A model for how ATP energizes transfer of substrates from these binding sites on P-gp to the outside of the cell is proposed, which accounts for the apparent stoichiometry of two ATPs hydrolysed per molecule of drug transported.
Journal ArticleDOI

Survival signalling by Akt and eIF4E in oncogenesis and cancer therapy.

TL;DR: It is shown that Akt promotes tumorigenesis and drug resistance by disrupting apoptosis, and that disruption of Akt signalling using the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin reverses chemoresistance in lymphomas expressing Akt, but not in those with other apoptotic defects.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Akt-mTOR tango and its relevance to cancer.

TL;DR: Two recent studies used mouse genetics to assess the roles of PTEN and TSC2 in cancer, underscoring the importance of Akt-mTOR interplay for cancer progression and therapy.
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