Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing
01 Jul 2003-Vol. 3561, pp 1-37
TL;DR: A logging instrument contains a pulsed neutron source and a pair of radiation detectors spaced along the length of the instrument to provide an indication of formation porosity which is substantially independent of the formation salinity.
Abstract: The Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is intended for use by mobile nodes in an ad hoc network. It offers quick adaptation to dynamic link conditions, low processing and memory overhead, low network utilization, and determines unicast routes to destinations within the ad hoc network. It uses destination sequence numbers to ensure loop freedom at all times (even in the face of anomalous delivery of routing control messages), avoiding problems (such as "counting to infinity") associated with classical distance vector protocols.
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TL;DR: This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the existing cooperative routing techniques, together with the highlights of the performance of each strategy and provides a taxonomy of different cooperative routing protocols.
Abstract: Cooperative diversity has gained much interest due to its ability to mitigate multipath fading without using multiple antennas. There has been considerable research on how cooperative transmission can improve the performance of the physical layer. During the past few years, the researchers have started to take into consideration cooperative transmission in routing, and there has been a growing interest in designing and evaluating cooperative routing protocols. Routing algorithms that take into consideration the availability of cooperative transmission at the physical layer are known as cooperative routing algorithms. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the existing cooperative routing techniques, together with the highlights of the performance of each strategy. This survey also provides a taxonomy of different cooperative routing protocols and outlines the fundamental components and challenges associated with cooperative routing objectives. Existing cooperative routing algorithms are compared and lay the groundwork for further research.
64 citations
Cites methods from "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (A..."
...In the CLCR algorithm, a routing protocol similar to Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) [91] is used to find a non-cooperative path and then improves the performance using cooperative transmission; therefore, it employs Cooperation Along Non-cooperative Path which is a sub-optimal cooperative routing....
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...As in AODV, when a source vehicle needs a path to a destination node, the source initiates a route discovery process by generating a route-request packet and then waits for a route-reply....
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01 Aug 2009
TL;DR: This work proposes a robust cooperative trust establishment scheme to improve the reliability of packet delivery in MANETs, particularly in the presence of malicious nodes, and presents simulation results which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Abstract: In a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), a source node must rely on intermediate nodes to forward its packets along multi-hop routes to the destination node. Due to the lack of infrastructure in such networks, secure and reliable packet delivery is challenging. We propose a robust cooperative trust establishment scheme to improve the reliability of packet delivery in MANETs, particularly in the presence of malicious nodes. In the proposed scheme, each node determines the trustworthiness of the other nodes with respect to reliable packet forwarding by combining first-hand trust information obtained independently of other nodes and second-hand trust information obtained via recommendations from other nodes. First-hand trust information for neighbor nodes is obtained via direct observations at the MAC layer whereas first-hand information for non-neighbor nodes is obtained via feedback from acknowledgements sent in response to data packets. The proposed scheme exploits information sharing among nodes to accelerate the convergence of trust establishment procedures, yet is robust against the propagation of false trust information by malicious nodes. We present simulation results which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in a variety of scenarios involving nodes that are malicious with respect to both packet forwarding and trust propagation.
64 citations
01 Nov 2006
TL;DR: A collusion attack model against optimized link state routing (OLSR) protocol which is one of the four standard routing protocols for MANETs is presented and a technique to detect the attack by utilizing information of two hops neighbors is presented.
Abstract: Rapid advances in wireless networking technologies have made it possible to construct a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) which can be applied in infrastructureless situations. However, due to their inherent characteristics, MANETs are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks which aim at disrupting their routing operations. To develop a strong security scheme to protect against these attacks it is necessary to understand the possible form of attacks that may be launched. Recently, researchers have proposed and investigated several possible attacks against MANET. However, there are still unanticipated or sophisticated attacks that have not been well studied. In this paper, we present a collusion attack model against optimized link state routing (OLSR) protocol which is one of the four standard routing protocols for MANETs. After analyzed the attack in detail and demonstrated the feasibility of the attack through simulations, we present a technique to detect the attack by utilizing information of two hops neighbors.
64 citations
Cites background from "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (A..."
...At present, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) MANET Working Group has standardized four routing protocols: AODV [1], DSR [2], OLSR [3], and TBRPF [4]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive survey relating FANET and critical points regarding it, ranging from the categorization of FANet, the architecture of FFANET, types of possible communication in FANets, numerous Mobility Models, constraints in FLANETs, characteristics, and design of FLANSET, routing protocol and routing topology.
64 citations
TL;DR: This paper supports the use of the movement information and the residual energy level of each UAV to guarantee a high level of communication stability while predicting a sudden link breakage prior to its occurrence.
Abstract: Much progress can be expected in the domain of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication by the next decade. The cooperation between multiple UAVs in the air exchanging data among themselves can naturally form a flying ad hoc network (FANET). Such networks can be the key support to accomplish several kinds of missions while providing the required assistance to terrestrial networks. However, they are confronted with many challenges and difficulties, which are due to the high mobility of UAVs, the frequent packet losses, and the weak links between UAVs, all affecting the reliability of the data delivery. Furthermore, the unbalanced energy consumption may result in earlier UAV failure and consequently accelerate the decrease of the network lifetime, thus disrupting the overall network. This paper supports the use of the movement information and the residual energy level of each UAV to guarantee a high level of communication stability while predicting a sudden link breakage prior to its occurrence. A robust route discovery process is used to explore routing paths where the balanced energy consumption, the link breakage prediction, and the connectivity degree of the discovered paths are all considered. The performance of the scheme is evaluated through a series of simulations. The outcomes demonstrate the benefits of the proposed scheme in terms of increasing the lifetime of the network, minimizing the number of path failures, and decreasing the packet losses.
64 citations
References
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TL;DR: This document defines these words as they should be interpreted in IETF documents as well as providing guidelines for authors to incorporate this phrase near the beginning of their document.
Abstract: In many standards track documents several words are used to signify the requirements in the specification. These words are often capitalized. This document defines these words as they should be interpreted in IETF documents. Authors who follow these guidelines should incorporate this phrase near the beginning of their document:
3,501 citations
12 Nov 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a logging instrument contains a pulsed neutron source and a pair of radiation detectors spaced along the length of the instrument to provide an indication of formation porosity which is substantially independent of the formation salinity.
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TL;DR: Many protocols make use of identifiers consisting of constants and other well-known values that must be administered by a central authority to insure that such quantities have consistent values and interpretations in different implementations.
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01 Jun 2004
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Internet community.
207 citations
"Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (A..." refers methods in this paper
...This section defines other terminology used with AODV that is not already defined in [3]....
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