Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing
01 Jul 2003-Vol. 3561, pp 1-37
TL;DR: A logging instrument contains a pulsed neutron source and a pair of radiation detectors spaced along the length of the instrument to provide an indication of formation porosity which is substantially independent of the formation salinity.
Abstract: The Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is intended for use by mobile nodes in an ad hoc network. It offers quick adaptation to dynamic link conditions, low processing and memory overhead, low network utilization, and determines unicast routes to destinations within the ad hoc network. It uses destination sequence numbers to ensure loop freedom at all times (even in the face of anomalous delivery of routing control messages), avoiding problems (such as "counting to infinity") associated with classical distance vector protocols.
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01 Jan 2002
47 citations
TL;DR: This work identifies three ways in which machine learning can be applied to broadcasting in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), and exhibits a new approach to the design of a broadcast protocol: the decision of whether to rebroadcast a packet is cast as a classification problem.
Abstract: Because adaptability greatly improves the performance of a broadcast protocol, we identify three ways in which machine learning can be applied to broadcasting in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). We chose broadcasting because it functions as a foundation of MANET communication. Unicast, multicast, and geocast protocols utilize broadcasting as a building block, providing important control and route establishment functionality. Therefore, any improvements to the process of broadcasting can be immediately realized by higher-level MANET functionality and applications. While efficient broadcast protocols have been proposed, no single broadcasting protocol works well in all possible MANET conditions. Furthermore, protocols tend to fail catastrophically in severe network environments. Our three classes of adaptive protocols are pure machine learning, intra-protocol learning, and inter-protocol learning. In the pure machine learning approach, we exhibit a new approach to the design of a broadcast protocol: the decision of whether to rebroadcast a packet is cast as a classification problem. Each mobile node (MN) builds a classifier and trains it on data collected from the network environment. Using intra-protocol learning, each MN consults a simple machine model for the optimal value of one of its free parameters. Lastly, in inter-protocol learning, MNs learn to switch between different broadcasting protocols based on network conditions. For each class of learning method, we create a prototypical protocol and examine its performance in simulation.
47 citations
Cites methods from "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (A..."
...In the pure machine learning approach, we exhibit a new approach to the design of a broadcast protocol: the decision of whether to rebroadcast a packet is cast as a classification problem....
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TL;DR: The primary aim of MQSPR is to maintain long link durations, achieve path load balancing and reduce end-to-end delay to satisfy the requirements of civil aviation communication services.
Abstract: Aeronautical ad hoc network (AANET) can be applied as in-flight communication systems to allow aircraft to communicate with the ground, in complement to other existing communication systems to support Internet of Things. However, the unique features of civil AANETs present a great challenge to provide efficient and reliable data delivery in such environments. In this paper, we propose a multiple quality of service parameters-based routing protocol (MQSPR), to improve the overall network performance for communication between aircraft and the ground. The proposed MQSPR integrates path availability period, residual path load capacity and path latency in route selection and presents a broadcast optimization scheme to minimize flooding. The primary aim of MQSPR is to maintain long link durations, achieve path load balancing and reduce end-to-end delay to satisfy the requirements of civil aviation communication services. The simulation scenario and real-world scenario are set up, respectively, and the experimental results show that the proposed MQSPR can achieve high ground connectivity while effectively increase the path durations, improve the packet delivery ratio and perform the path load balancing. In addition, the flexibility of MQSPR is demonstrated by considering weighting factors of path selection parameters.
47 citations
Cites methods from "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (A..."
...Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our routing protocol by comparing the simulation results with the adhoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) [26] and greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR) [27] protocols....
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TL;DR: This paper presents simple and efficient algorithms for dynamic discovery and selection (instantiation) of suitable devices in a MANET from among a number of them providing the same functionality, and calls this process Dynamic Task-Based Anycasting.
Abstract: Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) have received significant attention in the recent past owing to the proliferation in the numbers of tetherless portable devices, and rapid growth in popularity of wireless networking. Most of the MANET research community has remained focused on developing lower layer mechanisms such as channel access and routing for making MANETs operational. However, little focus has been applied on higher layer issues, such as application modeling in dynamic MANET environments. In this paper, we present a novel distributed application framework based on task graphs that enables a large class of resource discovery based applications on MANETs. A distributed application is represented as a complex task comprised of smaller sub-tasks that need to be performed on different classes of computing devices with specialized roles. Execution of a particular task on a MANET involves several logical patterns of data flow between classes of such specialized devices. These data flow patterns induce dependencies between the different classes of devices that need to cooperate to execute the application. Such dependencies yield a task graph (TG) representation of the application.We focus on the problem of executing distributed tasks on a MANET by means of dynamic selection of specific devices that are needed to complete the tasks. In this paper, we present simple and efficient algorithms for dynamic discovery and selection (instantiation) of suitable devices in a MANET from among a number of them providing the same functionality. This is carried out with respect to the proposed task graph representation of the application, and we call this process Dynamic Task-Based Anycasting. Our algorithm periodically monitors the logical associations between the selected devices, and in the event of a disruption in the application owing to failures in any component in the network, it adapts to the situation and dynamically rediscovers the affected parts of the task graph, if possible. We propose metrics for evaluating the performance of these algorithms and report simulation results for a variety of application scenarios differing in complexity, traffic, and device mobility patterns. From our simulation studies, we observed that our protocol was able to instantiate and re-instantiate TG nodes quickly and yielded high effective throughput at low to medium degrees of mobility and not much below 70% effective throughput for high mobility scenarios.
47 citations
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: The principles of an enterprise application architecture that supports a wide range of custom topologies are presented and the architecture decouples application code, process topology, and data distribution scheme and thus allows for an easy adaptation of existing topologies.
Abstract: Enterprise applications can be viewed as topologies of distributed processes that access business data objects stored in one or more transactional datastores. There are several well-known topology patterns that help to integrate different subsystems or to improve nonfunctional properties like scalability, fault tolerance, or response time. Combinations of multiple patterns lead to custom topologies with the shape of a directed acyclic graph (DAG). These topologies are hard to build on top of existing middleware and even harder to adapt to changing requirements. In this paper we present the principles of an enterprise application architecture that supports a wide range of custom topologies. The architecture decouples application code, process topology, and data distribution scheme and thus allows for an easy adaptation of existing topologies. We introduce Rl-trees for specifying a data distribution scheme and present rules for RJ-tree-based object routing in DAG topologies.
47 citations
References
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3,501 citations
12 Nov 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a logging instrument contains a pulsed neutron source and a pair of radiation detectors spaced along the length of the instrument to provide an indication of formation porosity which is substantially independent of the formation salinity.
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207 citations
"Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (A..." refers methods in this paper
...This section defines other terminology used with AODV that is not already defined in [3]....
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