Adaptive finite element simulation of stack pollutant emissions over complex terrains
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional finite element model for the pollutant dispersion is presented, where the first stage consists on the construction of an adaptive tetrahedral mesh of a rectangular region bounded in its lower part by the terrain and in its upper part by a horizontal plane.
About: This article is published in Energy.The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 26 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Finite element method & Discretization.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a numerical model to study pollutant dispersion in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) by accounting for the mechanisms of advection by the mean wind in the horizontal direction, turbulent diffusion in the vertical direction to ground surface, dry deposition, and radioactive decay.
20 citations
TL;DR: A new method for wind field forecasting over complex terrain using the predictions of the HARMONIE meso-scale model as the input data for an adaptive finite element mass-consistent wind model with a minimal user intervention.
Abstract: In this paper, we introduce a new method for wind field forecasting over complex terrain. The main idea is to use the predictions of the HARMONIE meso-scale model as the input data for an adaptive finite element mass-consistent wind model. The HARMONIE results (obtained with a maximum resolution of about 1 km) are refined in a local scale (about a few metres). An interface between both models is implemented in such a way that the initial wind field is obtained by a suitable interpolation of the HARMONIE results. Genetic algorithms are used to calibrate some parameters of the local wind field model in accordance to the HARMONIE data. In addition, measured data are considered to improve the reliability of the simulations. An automatic tetrahedral mesh generator, based on the meccano method, is applied to adapt the discretization to complex terrains. The main characteristic of the framework is a minimal user intervention. The final goal is to validate our model in several realistic applications on Gran Canaria island, Spain, with some experimental data obtained by the AEMET in their meteorological stations. The source code of the mass-consistent wind model is available online at http://www.dca.iusiani.ulpgc.es/Wind3D/
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18 citations
TL;DR: The method mixes the benefits resulting from isogeometric analysis, implicit dynamics, residual minimization, and alternating direction solver with direction splitting, and shows that the resulting system of linear equations has a Kronecker product structure, which results in a linear computational cost of the direct solver.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel computational implicit method, which we call Isogeometric Residual Minimization (iGRM) with direction splitting. The method mixes the benefits resulting from isogeometric analysis, implicit dynamics, residual minimization, and alternating direction solver. We utilize tensor product B-spline basis functions in space, implicit second order time integration schemes, residual minimization in every time step, and we exploit Kronecker product structure of the matrix to employ linear computational cost alternating direction solver. We implement an implicit time integration scheme and apply, for each space-direction, a stabilized mixed method based on residual minimization. We show that the resulting system of linear equations has a Kronecker product structure, which results in a linear computational cost of the direct solver, even using implicit time integration schemes together with the stabilized mixed formulation. We test our method on three advection–diffusion computational examples, including model “membrane” problem, the circular wind problem, and the simulations modeling pollution propagating from a chimney.
16 citations
Cites methods from "Adaptive finite element simulation ..."
...We use the pollution model based on [39], with the following simplifying assumptions: we consider only one component of the pollution vector field, we neglect the chemical interactions between different components, and we assume cube shape of the computational domain....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a multimesh adaptive scheme for convection-diffusion-reaction problems for a large number of components is presented, where the evaluation of the nonreactive part for each component and the reaction at each node constitute independent tasks.
Abstract: SUMMARY
A multimesh adaptive scheme for convection–diffusion–reaction problems for a large number of components is presented. The problem is solved by splitting transport and reaction processes. This way, the evaluation of the nonreactive part for each component and the reaction at each node constitute independent tasks. This allows to discretize each component of the solution on a distinct computational mesh, adapted on the basis of its error indicator. The standard single-mesh strategy is used for comparison. Simulations of a point emission in a 3D domain are presented. Low remeshing periods of the adaptive scheme are found to be optimal, in terms of computational cost and accuracy, for the nonreactive problem. Examples with several reaction terms, with an increase of the complexity, are then presented. Results show that the accuracy of single-mesh and multimesh strategies are similar. Instead, the computational cost of the multimesh strategy is lower than the single-mesh in the majority of the examples; this process is controlled by the stiff behavior of the reactive term. The problem size of the multimesh scheme is much lower, and therefore, larger spatial discretizations can be simulated for a given available memory. The efficiency of the multimesh strategy increases with the number of species and the number of species that develop a plume. Finally, an example of a punctual emission considering realistic values of the initial concentrations and using the Community Multiscale Air Quality-CBO5 reaction model, which involves 62 components, is presented; the small-scale structure of the different nitrogen components near the emitter is captured. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
11 citations
Cites background from "Adaptive finite element simulation ..."
...The extension to complex geometries (topography and build elements) [16], real wind fields [17], and more realistic stack emissions models [16,18] is left for future developments....
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...This model considers four species and production rates, which are defined as [16, 35]:...
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a pulverized coal power plant is selected and the quantities of pollutants emitted by the plant are estimated using thermodynamic principles combined with empirical techniques, using the EcoSenseWeb software, which is based on the results of the ExternE project, the external environmental cost (externalities) of pollution is assessed.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a Lagrangian particle model (LPM) and an adaptive puff model (APM2) coupled to the same mesoscale meteorological prediction model PMETEO were used to forecast the SO2 ground level concentration (glc) around the 1400 MWe coal-fired As Pontes Power Plant.
28 citations
"Adaptive finite element simulation ..." refers methods in this paper
...Main dispersion models include Gaussian plume models [3], particle tracking models [4], and puff models [5, 6, 7]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a mass consistent model is developed in order to obtain a wind field which adjusts to an initial one, where horizontal interpolation is considered at the level of the measure stations over the terrain and vertical wind profiles are built according to atmospheric stability conditions, terrain roughness, geostrophic wind, atmospheric stratification.
27 citations
"Adaptive finite element simulation ..." refers background in this paper
...It takes into account the horizontal interpolation and the effect of roughness on the wind velocity [46, 47, 48, 49, 50]....
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TL;DR: In this article, an accurate numerical method for simulating the advection and diffusion of pollution puffs was used to demonstrate that point releases of pollution grow into a shape reflecting the vertical wind shear profile experienced by the puff within a time scale less than 4h.
25 citations
"Adaptive finite element simulation ..." refers methods in this paper
...Main dispersion models include Gaussian plume models [3], particle tracking models [4], and puff models [5, 6, 7]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a 2.5D and 3D model for wind field simulation by the finite element method is presented, which is based on a triangular mesh adapted to the terrain topography and roughness length.
25 citations
"Adaptive finite element simulation ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Several two-dimensional [27] and three-dimensional [28, 29, 30] adaptive finite element solutions have been developed by the authors....
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...Once the tetrahedral mesh is constructed, we consider a mass-consistent model [28, 29, 30] to compute a wind field u in the three-dimensional domain Ω, with a boundary Γ = Γa ∪Γb, that verifies the continuity equation (mass conservation) for constant density and the impermeability condition on the terrain Γa,...
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