Adaptive finite element simulation of stack pollutant emissions over complex terrains
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional finite element model for the pollutant dispersion is presented, where the first stage consists on the construction of an adaptive tetrahedral mesh of a rectangular region bounded in its lower part by the terrain and in its upper part by a horizontal plane.
About: This article is published in Energy.The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 26 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Finite element method & Discretization.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a numerical model to study pollutant dispersion in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) by accounting for the mechanisms of advection by the mean wind in the horizontal direction, turbulent diffusion in the vertical direction to ground surface, dry deposition, and radioactive decay.
20 citations
TL;DR: A new method for wind field forecasting over complex terrain using the predictions of the HARMONIE meso-scale model as the input data for an adaptive finite element mass-consistent wind model with a minimal user intervention.
Abstract: In this paper, we introduce a new method for wind field forecasting over complex terrain. The main idea is to use the predictions of the HARMONIE meso-scale model as the input data for an adaptive finite element mass-consistent wind model. The HARMONIE results (obtained with a maximum resolution of about 1 km) are refined in a local scale (about a few metres). An interface between both models is implemented in such a way that the initial wind field is obtained by a suitable interpolation of the HARMONIE results. Genetic algorithms are used to calibrate some parameters of the local wind field model in accordance to the HARMONIE data. In addition, measured data are considered to improve the reliability of the simulations. An automatic tetrahedral mesh generator, based on the meccano method, is applied to adapt the discretization to complex terrains. The main characteristic of the framework is a minimal user intervention. The final goal is to validate our model in several realistic applications on Gran Canaria island, Spain, with some experimental data obtained by the AEMET in their meteorological stations. The source code of the mass-consistent wind model is available online at http://www.dca.iusiani.ulpgc.es/Wind3D/
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18 citations
TL;DR: The method mixes the benefits resulting from isogeometric analysis, implicit dynamics, residual minimization, and alternating direction solver with direction splitting, and shows that the resulting system of linear equations has a Kronecker product structure, which results in a linear computational cost of the direct solver.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel computational implicit method, which we call Isogeometric Residual Minimization (iGRM) with direction splitting. The method mixes the benefits resulting from isogeometric analysis, implicit dynamics, residual minimization, and alternating direction solver. We utilize tensor product B-spline basis functions in space, implicit second order time integration schemes, residual minimization in every time step, and we exploit Kronecker product structure of the matrix to employ linear computational cost alternating direction solver. We implement an implicit time integration scheme and apply, for each space-direction, a stabilized mixed method based on residual minimization. We show that the resulting system of linear equations has a Kronecker product structure, which results in a linear computational cost of the direct solver, even using implicit time integration schemes together with the stabilized mixed formulation. We test our method on three advection–diffusion computational examples, including model “membrane” problem, the circular wind problem, and the simulations modeling pollution propagating from a chimney.
16 citations
Cites methods from "Adaptive finite element simulation ..."
...We use the pollution model based on [39], with the following simplifying assumptions: we consider only one component of the pollution vector field, we neglect the chemical interactions between different components, and we assume cube shape of the computational domain....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a multimesh adaptive scheme for convection-diffusion-reaction problems for a large number of components is presented, where the evaluation of the nonreactive part for each component and the reaction at each node constitute independent tasks.
Abstract: SUMMARY
A multimesh adaptive scheme for convection–diffusion–reaction problems for a large number of components is presented. The problem is solved by splitting transport and reaction processes. This way, the evaluation of the nonreactive part for each component and the reaction at each node constitute independent tasks. This allows to discretize each component of the solution on a distinct computational mesh, adapted on the basis of its error indicator. The standard single-mesh strategy is used for comparison. Simulations of a point emission in a 3D domain are presented. Low remeshing periods of the adaptive scheme are found to be optimal, in terms of computational cost and accuracy, for the nonreactive problem. Examples with several reaction terms, with an increase of the complexity, are then presented. Results show that the accuracy of single-mesh and multimesh strategies are similar. Instead, the computational cost of the multimesh strategy is lower than the single-mesh in the majority of the examples; this process is controlled by the stiff behavior of the reactive term. The problem size of the multimesh scheme is much lower, and therefore, larger spatial discretizations can be simulated for a given available memory. The efficiency of the multimesh strategy increases with the number of species and the number of species that develop a plume. Finally, an example of a punctual emission considering realistic values of the initial concentrations and using the Community Multiscale Air Quality-CBO5 reaction model, which involves 62 components, is presented; the small-scale structure of the different nitrogen components near the emitter is captured. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
11 citations
Cites background from "Adaptive finite element simulation ..."
...The extension to complex geometries (topography and build elements) [16], real wind fields [17], and more realistic stack emissions models [16,18] is left for future developments....
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...This model considers four species and production rates, which are defined as [16, 35]:...
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References
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01 Jan 1999
966 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make a distinction between reactions on solids (heterogeneous reactions) and those occurring in liquid droplets (multiphase reactions) is convenient for understanding, describing, and including them in models of the troposphere.
Abstract: Heterogeneous and multiphase reactions on solids and in liquids, respectively, have the potential to play a major role in determining the composition of the gaseous troposphere and should be included in models for understanding this region and assessing the effects of anthropogenic emissions. Making a distinction between reactions on solids (heterogeneous reactions) and those occurring in liquid droplets (multiphase reactions) is convenient for understanding, describing, and including them in models of the troposphere. Frameworks are available for including multiphase reactions in numerical models, but they do not yet exist for heterogeneous reactions. For most of these reactions, water not only provides the medium but it is also a reactant. Other substrates such as sulfate and organic and sea-salt aerosols may also be important, but their effects cannot currently be accurately assessed because of a lack of information on their abundance, nature, and reactivities. Our ability to accurately predict the composition of the troposphere will depend on advances in understanding the microphysics of particle formation, laboratory investigations of heterogeneous and multiphase reactions, and collection of field data on tropospheric particles.
670 citations
"Adaptive finite element simulation ..." refers background in this paper
...The complete description of photochemical reaction of atmospheric species is highly complex [59, 60, 61, 62]....
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Book•
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: In this paper, basic theory of Viscous flow, Stokesian fluids, hydrodynamics, aerodynamics, gasdynamics and compressible flow, wave and stability phenomena are discussed.
Abstract: : ;Contents: Basic theory; Viscous flow, Stokesian fluids, hydrodynamics; Aerodynamics, gasdynamics and compressible flow; Wave and stability phenomena; Diffusion, dispersion and convection; Lubrication; Estuary and thermal/fluid flow; Viscous, creeping flow; Flow in porous media; Programming aspects and applications.
413 citations
"Adaptive finite element simulation ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...More details about the implementation of this system equation solver can be found in [35] and [36]....
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...A stabilized finite element formulation, specifically Least-Squares, with a Crank-Nicolson temporal integration is proposed to solve the problem [35, 36]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a new comprehensive modeling system for urban air pollution, including three-dimensional, grid-based as well as Lagrangian trajectory, vertically integrated and single cell formulations, is described.
343 citations
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31 Jan 1995
TL;DR: This paper presents mathematical models for Studying the Long-Range Transport of Air Pollutants and the Reliability of the Numerical Algorithms, and some experiments with the Danish Eulerian Model.
Abstract: 1. The Air Pollution Problem. 2. Mathematical Models for Studying the Long-Range Transport of Air Pollutants. 3. Numerical Treatment of Large Air Pollution Models. 4. Testing the Reliability of the Numerical Algorithms. 5. Need for Efficient Algorithms. 6. Computations on High-Speed Computers. 7. Running Air Pollution Models on Vector Machines. 8. Running Models on Parallel Machines with Shared Memory. 9. Running Models on Massively Parallel Computers. 10. Numerical Experiments with the Danish Eulerian Model. References. Author Index. Subject Index.
315 citations
"Adaptive finite element simulation ..." refers background in this paper
...The most simplified models just involve about ten reactive species [67]....
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