Journal ArticleDOI
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in children and adolescents: A systematic review.
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TLDR
Most of the eligible studies showed that MD adherence was directly associated with physical activity (and possibly with diet adequacy) and inversely with sedentary behavior, while the results for gender, age, socioeconomic status and weight status were not consistent.Abstract:
Background and aim A decreased adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) may be related to a rise in chronic non-communicable diseases from childhood onward. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available literature regarding MD adherence in children and adolescents, and focusing, more specifically, on the association of MD adherence with demographic and anthropometric variables, body composition, lifestyle, and diet adequacy. Methods and results A search of scientific literature was carried out on PUBMED, SCOPUS, Clinical Trials Results, Google Scholar, and British Library Inside for studies published in the last 20 years. Fifty-eight papers were finally included according to the following criteria: MD adherence evaluated through a quantifying score or index, age 2–20 years, sample size >200 participants, observational or intervention studies regarding the general population. The KIDMED index was the most widely used scoring system. MD adherence widely varied within the Mediterranean countries for both children and adolescents, with also large differences among various European countries, while few data are available for non-Mediterranean countries. Most of the eligible studies showed that MD adherence was directly associated with physical activity (and possibly with diet adequacy) and inversely with sedentary behavior, while the results for gender, age, socioeconomic status and weight status were not consistent. Conclusions Further validation of MD indexes in terms of reproducibility and consistency with the MD is needed. At the same time, more prospective cohort and intervention studies may better elucidate the relationships of MD adherence with behavioral and health outcomes.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Defining diet quality: a synthesis of dietary quality metrics and their validity for the double burden of malnutrition.
TL;DR: Seven NCD dietary metrics and all MCH dietary metrics were not convincingly validated against MCH or NCD health outcomes, highlighting major gaps in assessing and addressing diet to achieve global targets and effective policy action.
Journal ArticleDOI
Good adherence to the Mediterranean diet reduces the risk for NASH and diabetes in pediatric patients with obesity: The results of an Italian Study.
Claudia Della Corte,Antonella Mosca,Andrea Vania,Arianna Alterio,Salvatore Iasevoli,Valerio Nobili +5 more
TL;DR: The MD could be a safe and inexpensive therapeutic option for children with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and in patients with poor adherence to the MD, higher values of C-reactive protein, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and homeostatically models assessment of β cell function were observed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Reliability of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) Questionnaire
TL;DR: The study shows that the KIDMED questionnaire is a reliable instrument for assessing adherence to the Mediterranean diet in college students and future studies should focus on investigating the reliability of the questionnaire in other countries and in different age groups for generating comparable data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary habits of adolescents living in North America, Europe or Oceania: A review on fruit, vegetable and legume consumption, sodium intake, and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet.
Alice Rosi,Gaetana Paolella,Beatrice Biasini,Francesca Scazzina,Paola Alicante,F. De Blasio,M. Dello Russo,Domenico Rendina,Garden Tabacchi,G. Cairella,F. Garbagnati,Luca Scalfi,Pasquale Strazzullo +12 more
TL;DR: Adolescents living in North America, Europe or Oceania are far from being compliant with the nutritional recommendations for fruit, vegetables, legumes, and sodium, and they do not follow the principles of the Mediterranean Diet.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improved Diet Quality and Nutrient Adequacy in Children and Adolescents with Abdominal Obesity after a Lifestyle Intervention
Ana Ojeda-Rodríguez,Itziar Zazpe,Lydia Morell-Azanza,María Chueca,Maria Cristina Azcona-Sanjulian,Amelia Marti,Amelia Marti +6 more
TL;DR: It is observed that an intensive lifestyle intervention was able to reduce BMI-SDS in children with abdominal obesity and participants significantly improved dietary indices getting closer to the nutritional recommendations, which could be a valid indicator to evaluate micronutrient adequacy.
References
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Turley,Per Tynelius,Themistoklis Tzotzas,Christophe Tzourio,Peter Ueda,Eunice Ugel,Flora A. Ukoli,Hanno Ulmer,Belgin Ünal,Hannu Uusitalo,Gonzalo Valdivia,Susana Vale,Damaskini Valvi,Yvonne T. van der Schouw,Koen Van Herck,Hoang Van Minh,Lenie van Rossem,Natasja M. van Schoor,Irene G. M. van Valkengoed,Dirk Vanderschueren,Diego Vanuzzo,Lars J. Vatten,Tomas Vega,Toomas Veidebaum,Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez,Biruta Velika,Giovanni Veronesi,W. M. Monique Verschuren,Cesar G. Victora,Giovanni Viegi,Lucie Viet,Eira Viikari-Juntura,Paolo Vineis,Jesús Vioque,Jyrki K. Virtanen,Sophie Visvikis-Siest,Bharathi Viswanathan,Tiina Vlasoff,Peter Vollenweider,Henry Völzke,Sari Voutilainen,Martine Vrijheid,Alisha N. Wade,Aline Wagner,Thomas Waldhör,Janette Walton,Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar,Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud,Rildo S Wanderley,Ming-Dong Wang,Qian Wang,Ya Xing Wang,Ying-Wei Wang,S. Goya Wannamethee,Nicholas J. Wareham,Adelheid Weber,Niels Wedderkopp,Deepa Weerasekera,Peter H. 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