Adolescents with intellectual disabilities as victims of abuse.
TL;DR: The main findings indicate that students with intellectual and other disabilities suffered from abuse more frequently than their peers; most of the instances of abuse occurred within the close social environment of the victim and were repeated over time.
Abstract: Abuse of persons with disabilities continues to remain largely invisible, in spite of estimates suggesting that it is perpetrated against them more frequently than against those without disabilities. The aim of this study was to conduct an exploratory investigation regarding the frequency and type of abuse of a selected group of students with intellectual disabilities in one high school in Israel and compare the findings with the frequency and type of abuse reported by non-disabled youth from a similar socioeconomic background. A total of 100 students answered the "Ending the Silence" questionnaire, 50 of them with intellectual and other disabilities. The main findings indicate that students with intellectual and other disabilities suffered from abuse more frequently than their peers; most of the instances of abuse occurred within the close social environment of the victim and were repeated over time.
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TL;DR: The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis confirm that children with disabilities are more likely to be victims of violence than are their peers who are not disabled.
897Â citations
TL;DR: A scoping study which reviewed research about child abuse, child protection and disabled children published in academic journals between 1996 - 2009 concludes by identifying a number of aspects of the topic requiring further investigation.
Abstract: This paper reports the results of a scoping study which reviewed research about child abuse, child protection and disabled children published in academic journals between 1996 - 2009. The review was conducted using a five stage method for scoping studies. Several studies have revealed a strong association between disability and child maltreatment, indicating that disabled children are significantly more likely to experience abuse than their non-disabled peers. Those with particular impairments are at increased risk. There is evidence that the interaction of age, gender and/or socio-cultural factors with impairment results in different patterns of abuse to those found among non-disabled children although the reasons for this require further examination. It appears that therapeutic services and criminal justice systems often fail to take account of disabled children's needs and heightened vulnerability. In Britain, little is known about what happens to disabled children who have been abused and how well safeguarding services address their needs. Very few studies have sought disabled children's own accounts of abuse or safeguarding. Considerable development is required, at both policy and practice level, to ensure that disabled children's right to protection is upheld. The paper concludes by identifying a number of aspects of the topic requiring further investigation.
178Â citations
TL;DR: A conceptual framework for understanding the interplay of ASD, trauma and traumatic sequelae is proposed and recommendations for future research presented.
Abstract: Traumatic childhood events are associated with a wide range of negative physical, psychological and adaptive outcomes over the life course and are one of the few identifiable causes of psychiatric illness. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be at increased risk for both encountering traumatic events and developing traumatic sequelae; however, this topic has been understudied. This review considers the rationale for examining traumatic events and related symptomology in individuals with ASD and summarizes the limited research on this topic. A conceptual framework for understanding the interplay of ASD, trauma and traumatic sequelae is proposed and recommendations for future research presented.
166Â citations
Cites background from "Adolescents with intellectual disab..."
...Studies suggest that youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities are 1.5 to over 3 times more likely to be maltreated than their peers (Hibbard and Desch 2007; Reiter et al. 2007; Sullivan and Knutson 2000)....
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TL;DR: Results suggest that attention-deficit disorder/attention- deficit with hyperactivity disorder elevates the risk for peer victimization and property crime, internalizing psychological disorders increase risk for both child maltreatment and sexual victimization, and developmental/learning disorders heighten risk only for property crime.
Abstract: Although past research has found higher rates of violence, crime, and abuse among children with disabilities, most studies combine diverse forms of disability into one measure and assess exposure to only one particular type of victimization. Based on a representative national sample of 4,046 children aged 2-17 from the 2008 National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence, the present study examines the associations between several different types of disability and past-year exposure to multiple forms of child victimization. Results suggest that attention-deficit disorder/attention-deficit with hyperactivity disorder elevates the risk for peer victimization and property crime, internalizing psychological disorders increase risk for both child maltreatment and sexual victimization, and developmental/learning disorders heighten risk only for property crime. In contrast, physical disability did not increase the risk for any type of victimization once confounding factors and co-occurring disabilities were controlled. It appears that disabilities associated with interpersonal and behavioral difficulties are most strongly associated with victimization risks.
138Â citations
Additional excerpts
...Consistent with this hypothesis, Reiter, Bryen, and Shachar (2007) and the NCVS (2007) found that individuals with cognitive disabilities were significantly more likely to experience theft and other property crime than those without a reported disability....
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TL;DR: It was concluded that an ecological perspective on preventing CSA victimization is necessary and moderators analyses suggested that contact CSA Victimization may be better predicted than noncontact C SA victimization.
Abstract: Experiencing child sexual abuse (CSA) is a major public health problem with serious consequences for CSA victims. For effective assessment and (preventive) intervention, knowledge on risk factors and their effects is crucial. Here, the aim was to synthesize research on associations between (putative) risk factors and CSA victimization. In total, 765 (putative) risk factors were extracted from 72 studies, which were classified into 35 risk domains. A series of three-level meta-analyses produced a significant mean effect for 23 of the 35 risk domains ranging from r = .101 to r = .360. The strongest effects were found for prior victimization of the child and/or its family members, such as prior CSA victimization of the child and/or siblings (r = .360), prior victimization of the child other than child abuse (r = .340), prior or concurrent forms of child abuse in the child's home environment (r = .267), and a parental history of child abuse victimization (r = .265). Other identified risks were related to parental problems (e.g., intimate partner violence, r = .188), parenting problems (e.g., low quality of parent-child relation, r = .292), a non-nuclear family structure (e.g., having a stepfather, r = .118), family problems (e.g., social isolation, r = .191), child problems (e.g., having a mental/physical chronic condition, r = .193), and other child characteristics (e.g., being female, r = .290). Moderator analyses suggested that contact CSA victimization may be better predicted than noncontact CSA victimization. It was concluded that an ecological perspective on preventing CSA victimization is necessary. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
123Â citations
References
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TL;DR: The study established a significant association between the presence of an educationally relevant disability and maltreatment, and children with disabilities are 3.4 times more likely to be maltreated than nondisabled peers.
978Â citations
Book•
01 Jan 1994
414Â citations
"Adolescents with intellectual disab..." refers background or result in this paper
...Research to date has revealed that persons with developmental disabilities face a four to ten times greater risk of becoming victims of abuse than do people without disabilities (Sobsey, 1994)....
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...More than half of the crimes committed against victims with developmental disabilities are never reported to the authorities, and when they are reported, they are often handled administratively rather than through criminal prosecution (Sobsey, 1994)....
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...Our findings support other research (Bryen et al., 2003; Sobsey, 1994) that people with disabilities, irrespective of the kind of disability, experience abuse more frequently than the general population....
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TL;DR: Analysis of patterns of sexual abuse and sexual assault involving victims with disabilities suggests that abuse and assault are frequently repeated and chronic, often result in significant harm to the victim, and are rarely reported to child welfare or law enforcement authorities.
Abstract: Patterns of sexual abuse and sexual assault are analyzed from 162 reports involving victims with disabilities. Results suggest that abuse and assault are frequently repeated and chronic, often result in significant harm to the victim, and are rarely reported to child welfare or law enforcement authorities. Many offenses are committed by paid service providers and occur in disability service settings, but other offenses occur in the same situations as sexual abuse and assault of victims without disabilities. Victims are predominantly female and offenders are predominantly male. Charges and convictions are rare. Victims with disabilities often experience difficulty obtaining treatment services that are accessible and appropriate to their needs. Discussion considers a multifactorial, ecological model of abuse and recommends some possible prevention strategies.
354Â citations
165Â citations
TL;DR: This reading book is your chosen book to accompany you when in your free time, in your lonely, this kind of book can help you to heal the lonely and get or add the inspirations to be more inoperative.
165Â citations