Advanced Engineering Design
01 Jan 2012-
About: The article was published on 2012-01-01. It has received 48 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Electrical engineering technology & System of systems engineering.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a recirculating power back-to-back FZG test rig was used to investigate the efficiency of spur gears made of powde gears in gear transmission systems.
15 citations
01 Feb 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the classification of most common bearing damages according to the dominant wear type, i.e., abrasive wear, adhesive wear, surface fatigue wear, erosive wear and corrosive wear.
Abstract: Wear as a tribological process has a major influence on the reliability and life of rolling bearings. Field examinations of bearing failures due to wear indicate possible causes and point to the necessary measurements for wear reduction or elimination. Wear itself is a very complex process initiated by the action of different mechanisms, and can be manifested by different wear types which are often related. However, the dominant type of wear can be approximately determined. The paper presents the classification of most common bearing damages according to the dominant wear type, i.e. abrasive wear, adhesive wear, surface fatigue wear, erosive wear, fretting wear and corrosive wear. The wear types are correlated with the terms used in ISO 15243 standard. Each wear type is illustrated with an appropriate photograph, and for each wear type, appropriate description of causes and manifestations is presented. Possible causes of rolling bearing failure are used for the fault tree analysis (FTA). It was performed to determine the root causes for bearing failures. The constructed fault tree diagram for rolling bearing failure can be useful tool for maintenance engineers.
13 citations
TL;DR: An experimental method is presented, by means of which the arthrokinematics and loading conditions prescribed by the ISO 14243-3:2014 are adapted to a ball-on-disc configuration in order to observe the behavior of the coefficient of friction along an entire walking cycle.
Abstract: The observation of tribological phenomena occurring in total knee replacement (TKR) simulators may be obscured by the intrinsic complexity of their operation: the dynamics and kinematics prescribed by the ISO 14243-3:2014 standard, and the geometry of the surfaces involved. On the other hand, evaluating the individual performance of the tribosystem elements may be carried out in simpler apparatuses. An experimental method is presented here, by means of which the arthrokinematics and loading conditions prescribed by the said standard are adapted to a ball-on-disc configuration in order to observe the behavior of the coefficient of friction along an entire walking cycle, using the contact point of an AISI 316L stainless steel ball rolling/sliding on an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) disc, lubricated by a solution of fetal bovine serum, at 37°C. The method was tried on two different testing fluids prepared with protein concentrations of 20g/L, according to the said standard, and 36g/L, as received. The statistical model obtained for the behavior of the COF during the entire walking cycle may be used in numerical simulations of UHMWPE wear, under the conditions established by ISO 14243-3:2014.
11 citations
06 Nov 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface roughness of thermoplastics against steel is measured before and after the test, where it affects the friction force and influences the mechanism involved in the machining process used in preparing the surface.
Abstract: In tribological measurement of thermoplastics against steel the surface roughness has a potential effect in dictating the frictional behavior of the material. In most cases the roughness of the specimen is measured before and after the test, where it affects the friction force and influences the mechanism involved. The roughness of the material is not the exact value and it has a deviance which depends upon the machining process used in preparing the surface. Generally, the direction of machining has an influence on the topography of the surface in case of turning, milling and drilling but in case of pressed components the direction has no effects. In order to maintain ideal test condition the surface roughness of the test materials has to be consistent for the given number of samples. Even though the test specimens are machined in the same machine with same parameters there are number of parameters involved in deciding the consistency of the surface roughness. The roughness of the surface are defined by number of parameters such as Ra, Rz and few 3D parameters in such a case narrowing down to a specific constant is vital. The results from the roughness is not made from one measurement were an average and deviance from several measurement decides that if two ideal samples has same or different roughness.
11 citations
TL;DR: It is proved that minimising the number and strength of dependences is a sufficient and necessary condition for robustness and value, and Axiomatic Design's Independence and Information Axioms can be derived as theorems in the frame of this work.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to propose a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for robustness. To this end, a set of definitions and a postulate about unpredictable variability and uncertainty are presented, proving that minimising the number and strength of dependences is a sufficient and necessary condition for robustness and value. They also proved that Axiomatic Design's Independence and Information Axioms can be derived as theorems in the frame of this work. Several academic and industrial examples are presented to illustrate the results. Finally, the internal and external consistency of the theory, enunciated as the Principle of Weaker Dependences, is discussed as well as its generalisation in terms of the Principle of Reflexive Practice.
10 citations
Cites background or methods from "Advanced Engineering Design"
...This codification is defined in Benavides (2012) as xj = mj − m̄j+mj2 m̄j−mj 2 , j = 1, 2, . . . , q (8) yi = li − l̄i+li2 l̄i−li 2 , i = 1, 2, . . . , r (9) Fluctuation and feasibility attributes ensure that these codifications are well defined....
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...The equality ai = 0was also obtained in Benavides (2012) and Rodríguez and Benavides (2013) and converts inequality B4 (in Appendix B) into q∑ j=1 |Aij| ≤ min(1 − Vi(xmax), 1 + Vi(xmin)) (24) Note that Theorem 6.17 tends to reduce the number of non-zero elements present in a row of theDDMtoone…...
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...This is easily done by using one vertical plate and another horizontal one (see Suh [1990]) or by moving vertically and horizontally a single T-plate as Figure 3 shows (Benavides 2012)....
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...…+ V(x,n) (21) Here,A is the following rectangularmatrix of size r × q, called Design DimensionlessMatrix (DDM): A(n) = ⎡ ⎢⎣ A11(n) · · · A1q(n) ... . . . ... Ar1(n) · · · Arq(n) ⎤ ⎥⎦ (22) Aij(n) = m̄j − mj l̄i − li ∂fi(mo,n) ∂mj (23) This form of the design matrix also appears in Benavides (2012)....
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...A Linearity Theorem has been also reported by Benavides (2012) and Benavides and Rodriguez (2016), but their proof uses an external ingredient to Axiomatic Design: the transformation of Cs (the bounds of the previous FRs) into new FRs. • This framework gives a main role to both the IRs and the CRs…...
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